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Topic: Loop (roller coaster)

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Corkscrew (roller coaster)

Roller coaster inversions

Roller coaster

Steel roller coaster

Inverted roller coaster

Anton Schwarzkopf

Space Mountain

Clothoid

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		The coaster is pulled to the top of the first hill, by a motorized mechanism in the track, at the beginning of the ride, but after that the coaster must complete the ride on its own.
		The explanation for the various sensations experienced on a roller coaster loop are associated with Newton's Laws of Motion and the physics of circular motion.
		A coaster rider is continuously altering her direction of motion while moving through the loop; at all times, the direction of motion could be described as being tangent to the loop.
	www.angelfire.com /de3/johnson/RollerCoasterActivity.html (1543 words)

	Stuffo "How Roller Coasters Work" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As you move over the hills, valleys and loops of the track, the forces on you seem to change constantly, pulling you in all directions.
		On a roller coaster, this full-body sensation is complemented by all sorts of visual cues -- the upside down turns, dizzying heights and passing structures.
		To many coaster riders, this moment at the top of the loop, when you're light as a feather and all you can see is the sky, is the best part of the whole ride.
	www.stuffo.com /roller-coaster2.htm (1548 words)

	Loop (roller coaster) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The generic roller coaster vertical loop is the most basic of roller coaster inversions.
		The vertical loop is not a recent roller coaster innovation.
		It is rare for a roller coaster to stall in a vertical loop, although this has happened before.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Loop_(roller_coaster) (736 words)

	Loop Shapes in Roller Coasters
		However, the disadvantages of circular loops are not limited to the maximum g-force at the bottom: Entering the circular loop from a horizontal track would imply an instant onset of the maximum g-force (as would a direct transition a circular path with smaller radius of curvature).
		From the loop photos in Figure 1, it is obvious that different approaches have been used to achieve the desired transition from a smaller radius of curvature at the top to a larger radius at the bottom.
		In the loop to the left, clothoid extends throughout the loop, whereas in the loop to the left, the top is a half circle, matched to the cornu spiral where the track is vertical.
	fy.chalmers.se /LISEBERG/eng/loop_pe.html (2589 words)

	Coaster Dynamics: Roller Coaster Physics Trivia Quiz
		The forces exerted on riders of roller coasters are usually expressed in units of G's.
		The geometric shape used for loops in real roller coasters has a special name (it is not a circle or ellipse).
		A new genre of roller coasters was introduced in the past decade featuring "linear induction motors" that "launch" roller coaster trains at extremely high acceleration rates (and at speeds up to 100 mph).
	www.coasterdynamics.com /CoasterDynamics/Quiz.html (355 words)

	Roller Coaster Physics: Loop Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		On a well designed roller coaster loop, the riders will not be able to sense when they are traveling upside down.
		In order to apply enough centripetal acceleration the roller coaster car has to either be traveling very fast or the radius of the loop has to be made small.
		On some of the early round loops, the riders actually had their necks broken as a combination of the sudden rise in the loop as they entered at an extremely high rate of speed.
	www.pen.k12.va.us /Pav/Science/Physics/book/LoopDesign/home.html (330 words)

	Six Flags America Roller Coaster Building Contest
		We are encouraging schools to build and enter roller coaster models built by teams of students in either of the two grade categories: Grades 5-8 or Grades 9-12.
		Roller coasters are called "gravity rides" for a good reason: once the coaster has been dragged to the top of the first hill and released, it is the force of gravity that keeps the coaster going all the way back to the station platform at the end of the ride.
		Vertical loop is defined as any time the "rider" is upside down on a loop of track that is within 10° of vertical (see illustration).
	www.aapt.org /Contests/rollercoaster.cfm (998 words)

	Roller Coaster
		Aside from clothoid loops, the roller coaster is basically a simple machine, and can be easily thought of in terms of kinetic and potential energy.
		Roller coaster designers can convert lateral g forces into positive g's by "banking a turn." If the carts are tilted inward while going through a curve, the floor, rather than the side of the cart exerts a force on the passenger.
		Roller coaster designers say, "Safe enough." They have the task of manipulating g forces just enough to make the ride feel dangerous while using these same forces to keep passengers safely on the coaster.
	www.teachingtools.com /GoFigure/FlyerCarpets.htm (948 words)

	Roller coaster - Uncyclopedia
		By pure definition, a roller coaster is anything that may seem rebellious or appear dangerous when in fact, it's perfectly safe for family fun as long as you're over the height for 48 inches.
		With roller coasters, however, passengers are also sent through double-backwards corkscrews, 85-degree death drops, underground tunnel plunges, and triple-twistback loop-the-loops, often at speeds of over 100 miles an hour and with G-forces approaching space shuttle launch (or crash) levels.
		Bobsled roller coaster - A roller coaster that rides in a wooden (or metal) trough much in the fashion of a bobsled (It is not locked to a track, but rather follows the shape of the trough).
	uncyclopedia.org /wiki/Roller_coaster (2643 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Roller Coasters Work" (via CobWeb/3.1 planet03.csc.ncsu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		For most of the ride, a roller coaster is moved only by the forces of inertia and gravity.
		In most roller coasters, the hills decrease in height as you move along the track.
		At its most basic level, this is all a roller coaster is -- a machine that uses gravity and inertia to send a train along a winding track.
	www.howstuffworks.com.cob-web.org:8888 /roller-coaster.htm (888 words)

	The Ultimate Roller Coaster Contest--Physical Science/Mathematics lesson plan (grades 6-8)--DiscoverySchool.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		They will probably have their own ideas on how the roller coaster should be shaped, but here is an idea on how to lay out the roller coaster on the cardboard.
		The roller coaster with the greatest total height of the three hills, whose tennis ball successfully completed its journey, is the winner.
		On rides such as roller coasters (and even swings), where the rider experiences fast changes in velocity due to increases or decreases in speed or simply changes in direction, the rider is subjected to unbalanced forces that give the rider an illusion of feeling heavier or lighter than normal.
	school.discovery.com /lessonplans/programs/rollercoaster (1988 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Roller Coasters Work"
		Roller coasters are driven almost entirely by basic inertial, gravitational and centripetal forces, all manipulated in the service of a great ride.
		But unlike a passenger train, a roller coaster has no engine or power source of its own.
		A roller coaster's energy is constantly changing between potential and kinetic energy.
	www.howstuffworks.com /roller-coaster.htm (880 words)

	Alternative Homework Assignment: Roller Coaster
		Begin your roller coaster design by choosing the ordering of the features and use your experience with roller coasters to make some rough estimates of the dimensions of the features.
		The Roller Coaster is powered entirely by the gravitational potential energy it receives in being pulled to the top of the first hill.
		For this reason, a good first check of the Roller Coaster is to make sure that the first hill is the tallest feature on the ride.
	www.physics.umd.edu /rgroups/ripe/perg/abp/aha/coaster.htm (1680 words)

	The Straight Dope: How do roller coasters work?
		Actually, most roller coaster accidents are the result of determined applications of stupidity on the part of riders.
		Cecil has heard tell of one accident on a roller coaster in California in which attendants were unable to get the restraining bar locked around one very fat woman rider, so they evidently let her go up without it.
		Government regulation of roller coasters and amusement parks in general for a long time was quite lax, despite their poor safety record.
	www.straightdope.com /classics/a2_176.html (864 words)

	Roller Coaster Tycoon Cheats - Roller Coaster Tycoon Codes
		Build the shuttle loop roller coaster and change the speed to 60 mph to send the people on the ride soaring through the air and then crashing to the ground.
		When the roller coaster goes down, it will not make it up the hill, and will slam into the next car.
		Set your research to just roller coasters until you receive a steel or inverted steel coaster.
	www.consolecheatcodes.com /xbox/rollercoastertycooncheats.html (677 words)

	Roller Coaster Design
		, the construction of roller coasters with loops is responsible for a resurgence of popularity for these amusements; loops are also implicated in several deaths.
		Other roller coaster makers had designed loops, but their ``geometry'' had imposed too many Gs on passengers, resulting in whiplash, broken collar bones, bruises, and other bodily strains.
		Thus, most modern loops are tear-drop or oval-shaped, which means riders are subjected to slightly less than 6 Gs as the roller coaster's cars enter and leave the loop.
	www.math.wpi.edu /Course_Materials/Calc_Projects/node6.html (861 words)

	RCPro :: Version 6.0 - Your Source for High Quality Coaster Info
		Not just coasters that are really fast or really neat, but coasters that change the definition of what a roller coaster is. In Spain, there is a coaster that would probably never be allowed in the U.S. This coaster is called “Montaña Suiza” which means “Swiss Mountain” in Spanish.
		The very last coaster we will look at is something that to this day is still not quite understood by even the hardcore enthusiast.
		That this coaster is the only type of its kind and it might not be around forever so it deserves the respect it doesn’t get.
	www.rollercoasterpro.com /in_loop_1.php (1281 words)

	Amazon.com: Roller Coaster: Books: Marla Frazee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		All sorts of people ride roller coasters, people over a certain height that is. Marla Frazee zooms in on one pony-tailed girl who has never experienced a roller coaster before, ever, in this start-to-finish ride.
		Whether you've a kid fascinated by roller coasters, deeply afraid of them, or has never even HEARD of such contraptions in all their days, "Roller Coaster" is designed to delight and amuse.
		The story describes the 'roller coaster experience' perfectly and the illustrations are excellent with many fun details to talk about with your child.
	www.amazon.com /Roller-Coaster-Marla-Frazee/dp/0152045546 (1817 words)

	Christians Coaster Reviews
		The Texas Tornado is a double-loop roller coaster located in Amarillo.
		It is one of the top-rated steel-looping roller coasters in the United States.
		The second loop is not up to the support guard because of the momentum of the ride.
	www.thetylernews.com /coasterreviews.html (383 words)

	Matt's LEGO Roller Coaster
		Eileen Keeney was my greatest inspiration - I know she attempted a roller coaster with a loop, but I never got a chance to see it or to hear if she was successful or not.
		The roller coaster has also show at the Beaverton Mall PNLTC display, and most recently at BrickFest PDX in February 2003 at the Oregon Convention Center in Portland, Oregon.
		Since we are talking about the loop anyway, take a look at how the 1x4 thin wall bricks slide on the bottom of the track at the top of the loop to keep the train on the track.
	www.auctionbrick.com /mchiles/rollercoaster (3862 words)

	rec.roller-coaster FAQ, part 2/3: Coaster info, orgs, and refs
		The Diving Loop can be found on BandM's Stand-up and Sit-Down roller coasters, but which is referred to as the "Immelman" Loop when used on their <> coasters.
		The term is used to connote those park patrons who like their roller coasters a little (or a lot) less wild than the average enthusiast does.
		Vertical Loop A nearly closed vertical turn of 360 degrees in which riders are turned upside down in a transitional curve in a near-vertical plane.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/roller-coaster-faq/part2 (6059 words)

	Amusement Park Physics -- Design a Roller Coaster: The loop
		Adding a loop to your coaster adds the thrill of inversion to the other elements of speed and the pull of gravity.
		Loops and rolling loops are considered a "necessity" for any steel coaster; however, you don't find them presently on wooden coasters.
		Hint: The shape of your loop determines the speed it will take to safely get around the loop and the pull of gravity that riders feel as they move around its perimeter.
	www.learner.org /exhibits/parkphysics/coaster/section5.php3 (121 words)

	Roller Coaster HQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Roller Coaster HQ We have been studying concepts such as Work, Power and Energy.
		Roller Coasters are an excellent example of energy conservation at work (and play).
		Each group will build a roller coaster (using a marble or steel ball as the rider) out of materials of their choice (discussed below).
	www.lewport.wnyric.org /mgagnon/rollercoasterproject.html (509 words)

	Moebius Loop roller coaster - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Möbius loop roller coaster can be either a racing roller coaster or a dueling roller coaster.
		Its unique feature is that there is one continuous track instead of two separate ones, as a result the station that a train leaves is not the same one to which it will return.
		Only three of this type of roller coaster are still in operation today.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Moebius_Loop_roller_coaster (163 words)

	Roller Coaster Tycoon Cheats, Walkthrough, Hints, Q&A for X-BOX @ CheatsGuru.Com
		Build a roller coaster with a very long waiting line and open it with a very cheap price.
		An easy way to get money very quickly is to open a roller coaster that you would price very high.
		The coaster will go backwards up, and when it gets to the last track it will continue to be pushed by the chain and be forced over the edge of the last track.
	www.cheatsguru.com /xbox/roller_coaster_tycoon (4685 words)

	Rockin' Roller Coaster (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Before introducing physics students to the Law of Conservation of Energy and the Principle of Conservation of Mechanical Energy, I let them spend a class period building "roller coasters" using common materials It gives them the chance to discover these concepts that are such an integral part of the amusement park experience.
		The roller coaster shall have at least one steep hill and one low hill.
		Describe in your own words the energy changes that began with lifting the marble to the top of the large hill through traversing the entire roller coaster.
	teachertech.rice.edu /Participants/pschweig/rollercoaster.html (443 words)

	Roller Coaster Webquest
		You are going to do some computer simulations (sims) and identify the forces involved with making a roller coaster.
		The second simulation will involve a more complex coaster, coupled with identifying the forces involved and where they occur in the ride.
		Adjust the 2nd hill and the loop accordingly.
	homepage.mac.com /dternent/Education1.html (803 words)

	DOLORES GENDE: PhysicsQuest: ROLLER COASTERS
		you will learn about the history of roller coasters and the physics of basic design features.
		G-forces are used for explaining the relative effects of centripetal acceleration that a rider feels while on a roller coaster.
		Describe what a clothoid loop is and explain why it is used in place of the traditional circular loop.
	physicsquest.homestead.com /rollercoaster.html (186 words)

	Roller Coaster Tycoon Cheats, Walkthrough, Hints, Q&A for PC @ CheatsGuru.Com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Then, in front of the end of the coaster, raise the land to maximum.
		Next, build the coaster on the raised land to the max.
		There will be a lot of items check-marked, such as Shop and Stalls, Roller Coasters, etc. Go to maximum funding and choose only one item to check-mark to get faster research.
	www.cheatsguru.com /pc/roller_coaster_tycoon (11939 words)

	CNN - Roller coaster gets stuck in mid-loop - April 18, 1998
		GURNEE, Illinois (CNN) -- Roller coaster riders at a theme park north of Chicago got a longer ride than they had planned Saturday when the ride got stuck.
		The roller coaster became stuck in a vertical loop around 11 a.m.
		The riders, some of whom were stuck upside down, were evacuated by about 1:30 p.m., said Six Flags Great America spokesman Scott Kirn.
	www.cnn.com /US/9804/18/briefs/stuck.rollercoaster/index.html (146 words)

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