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Topic: Los Adaes

	[No title]
		Los Adaes, the symbol of New Spain in Louisiana, was once the capital of Texas and the scene of a unique cooperation among the French, the Spanish and the indigenous Native Americans.
		This made Los Adaes the official residence of the governor, and a house was constructed for him within the presidio.
		Los Adaes remained the administrative seat of government for the entire province for the next 44 years.
	www.crt.state.la.us /parks/printables/ilosadaes.aspx (888 words)

	Los Adaes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		San Miguel de los Adaes, better known as Los Adaes, was the capital of the Texas from 1721—1772, in the Spanish colony of New Spain.
		Los Adaes was located in what is now Western Louisiana, about fifteen miles west of Natchitoches, then an outpost of France, across the Río Hondo which served as the border between Spanish Texas and French Louisiana.
		Los Adaes was one of six settlements, that included a mission and presidio, established in the Piney Woods by the Ramón expedition in 1716.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Los_Adaes (429 words)

	The first Texas capital.
		A house was built for him and Los Adaes remained the seat of government for the province during the next 44 years.
		The 100 soldiers stationed at Los Adaes were Mexican cavalrymen who defended the mission and escorted the governor and missionaries on their travels.
		Except for one minor raid by the French upon Los Adaes, relations between the Spanish and French were, as a matter of necessity, friendly.
	www.texasescapes.com /AllThingsHistorical/FirstTexasCapitalBB902.htm (555 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Los Adaes was a Spanish settlement during the 18th century that included the Catholic mission San Miguel de los Adaes and the presidio Nuestra Senora del Pilar de Los Adaes (Our Lady of Pilar of the Adaes).
		In 1721 the Spanish returned to Los Adaes with the Aguayo expedition and establish the presidio Nuestra Senora del Pilar de Los Adaes.
		Los Adaes: An 18th-Century Capital of Texas in Northwestern Louisiana by George Avery, Los Adaes Station Archaeologist.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Los_Adaes (389 words)

	Los Adaes
		Yet from 1729 to 1770, Los Adaes served as the official capital of the Spanish province of Tejas on the northeastern frontier of New Spain.
		Los Adaes may well be the only Spanish Colonial provincial capital left on earth that is essentially intact, at least from an archeological perspective.
		Los Adaes was placed a mere 13 miles west of Natchitoches, the French fort and trade center on the Red River established in 1713.
	www.texasbeyondhistory.net /adaes (1328 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online:
		Los Adaes was for more than half a century the easternmost establishment in Spanish Texas.
		The reduction in the number of troops stationed at Los Adaes was encouraged by the absence of a local Indian threat.
		It is ironic that Los Adaes, which was established to protect East Texas from French encroachment, found itself dependent upon the French settlement that it confronted.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/LL/nfl1.html (1061 words)

	Los Adaes
		Mission Los Adaes lay within the territory of the Adaes Indians, a relatively small group who lived between the Red River and the Sabine River in what is today northwestern Louisiana.
		The Spanish outpost of Los Adaes is officially designated the capital of the Province of Texas, although the Spanish governors have maintained official residences there since 1721.
		Los Adaes is closed down and the residents are forced to leave abruptly.
	www.texasbeyondhistory.net /adaes/time.html (1822 words)

	los adaes state historic site
		Los Adaes State Historic Site is a colonial presidio that interprets the Spanish presence in western Louisiana in the eighteenth century.
		Thus, Los Adaes became a cornerstone in New Spain’s defense against the French.
		In 1729, Los Adaes was named the capital of the province of Texas, though the Texas governors had been residing at Los Adaes since 1721.
	www.caneriverheritage.org /main_file.php/losadaes.php (579 words)

	Dorothy Sloan – Rare Books: Auction 18: Lot 71 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Established in 1721 to block French encroachment upon Spain's southwestern possessions, Los Adaes was in 1729 made the capital of Texas and was the farthest eastern point in Spanish Mexico.
		Because Los Adaes was so far removed from other Spanish settlements and sources of supply, the residents developed trade relations with the nearby French and the area's Native Americans out of necessity.
		Los Adaes was unique in Texas history because it was the only outpost actually in modern-day Louisiana and the only one that developed any meaningful relationship with the French.
	www.dsloan.com /Auctions/A18/lot_71.html (333 words)

	Toledo Bend Lake - Los Adaes State Commemorative Area
		Los Adaes dates back to the early 1700s when a Franciscan missionary from New Spain (now Mexico), Father Francisco Hidalgo, urged the French governor of Louisiana to establish a post near east Texas.
		The 100 soldiers stationed at Los Adaes were Mexican cavalrymen who served to defend the San Miguel mission and other missions in east Texas, as well as to escort missionaries and the governor on their travels through the province.
		Except for one raid by the French upon Los Adaes, relations between the Spanish and French in the frontier outposts were, as a matter of necessity, friendly.
	www.toledo-bend.com /Srala/area/losadaes.html (679 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		McCorkle said the mission at Los Adaes was founded by Domingo Ramon in 1717 but was abandoned in 1719 when threatened by the French.
		Los Adaes was designated by the Spanish Viceroy as the capital of Texas in 1729.
		In 1772, Los Adaes was ordered abandoned and the capital was transferred to San Antonio de Bexar.
	www.nsula.edu /news/losadaes.htm (264 words)

	Los Adaes
		San Miguel de los Adaes, better known as Los Adaes, was the capital of the Texas from 1721—1772, in the Spanish colony of New Spain.
		Los Adaes was located in what is now Western Louisiana, about fifteen miles west of Natchitoches, then an outpost of France, across the Río Hondo which served as the border between Spanish Texas and French Louisiana.
		Los Adaes was one of six settlements, that included a mission and presidio, established in the Piney Woods by the Ramón expedition in 1716.
	www.omniknow.com /common/wiki.php?in=en&term=Los_Adaes (2055 words)

	Los Adaes--Cane River National Heritage Area: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary
		Los Adaes was built as a response to the French Fort St. Jean Baptiste in Natchitoches, and the two outposts were linked directly throughout their existence.
		The command was given to close the fort in 1772 and Los Adaes was officially abandoned in 1773.
		Many of the residents of Los Adaes either decided to stay in the region when the fort was abandoned, or returned to it later in life.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nr/travel/caneriver/los.htm (454 words)

	Austin Chronicle: Print an Article
		Los Adaes, the first capital of Texas, once stood on the edge of the world stage.
		The Spanish chose the site for Los Adaes because it was near four missions and 15 miles from the French settlement at Natchitoches in the heart of Caddo Indian country.
		Los Adaes State Historic Site is about 30 miles east of the Texas border and a mile northeast of Robeline on LA 485.
	www.austinchronicle.com /gyrobase/Issue/print?oid=437325 (716 words)

	Los Adaes--Cane River National Heritage Area: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary
		Los Adaes was built as a response to the French Fort St. Jean Baptiste in Natchitoches, and the two outposts were linked directly throughout their existence.
		The command was given to close the fort in 1772 and Los Adaes was officially abandoned in 1773.
		Many of the residents of Los Adaes either decided to stay in the region when the fort was abandoned, or returned to it later in life.
	www.nps.gov /history/nr/travel/caneriver/los.htm (454 words)

	The Los Adaes Foundation
		The Los Adaes Foundation was formed in 1972 to coordinate special activities at Los Adaes near the Robeline Community.
		The Los Adaes Foundation uses a number of quilting patterns that have survived over the centuries.
		The Los Adaes Foundation quilters have received much recognition for their efforts.
	www.nsula.edu /folklife/database/biography/LosAdaesFoundation.html (237 words)

	Natchitoches.net : Louisiana Office of State Parks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Los Adaes, the symbol of New Spain in Louisiana, was once the capital of Texas and the scene of a unique cooperation among the French, the Spanish and the indigenous Native Americans.
		In 1729, Spain designated Los Adaes the capital of the province of Texas.
		We hope that you'll include a visit to Los Adaes State Historic Site in your Natchitoches visit to further understand and appreciate the customs and cultures of the early inhabitants of the Natchitoches area.
	www.explorenatchitoches.com /stateparks.php?task=view&articleID=16 (333 words)

	Day Trips: First capital site is full of history \| The Bryan-College Station Eagle
		Los Adaes, the first capital of Texas, stood between dueling superpowers during the 1700s.
		This choice overlooked San Antonio de Bexar, which was much closer to supplies, but Los Adaes had the advantage of being among friendly Indians, and it reminded France of Spain's claim to the western lands.
		Los Adaes State Historic Site is about 30 miles east of the Texas border and a mile northeast of Robeline on Louisiana 485.
	www.theeagle.com /stories/031107/lifestyles_20070311050.php (710 words)

	# 9, jan 4, 2002
		Presidio Los Adaes was originally staffed with 100 soldiers and six cannons.
		A house was constructed within the fort for the governor, and Los Adaes remained the official residence of the governor and the seat of the provincial government for 44 years.
		Los Adaes is only one of the numerous fascinating locations of the Cane River National Heritage Area.
	www.caneriverheritage.org /main_file.php/canerivercache.php/76 (1049 words)

	Fort St. Jean
		For in addition to herds of cattle, mules and horses, the pioneer residents of Catholic Natchitoches depended on Los Adaes for the food of the soul: the holy sacraments.
		The Spanish governor of Texas at Los Adaes provided St. Denis with eleven men, one of whom was killed in action against the hostile natives.
		On the other hand, so dependent were the Spanish on the largess of the French, had Natchitoches fallen, Los Adaes probably could not have survived.
	www.louisiana101.com /rr_fortstjean_02.html (850 words)

	News Release 6/2007: Dig Up Texas History in Virtual Archeology Museum; New Los Adaes Exhibit Tells Story of First ...
		At the time of Los Adaes' prominence from 1729 to 1770, the Spanish and French vied for control over the territory west of the Mississippi.
		Though the Spanish crown forbade Los Adaes settlers to engage in commerce with their French rivals, frontier necessity and opportunity led to contraband trade between the Spanish, French and Caddo Indians.
		The Los Adaes site has proven to be one of the most important archeological sites for the study of colonial Spanish culture and the unique relationship among the Spanish, French and Caddo.
	www.utexas.edu /opa/news/2007/06/tarl19.html (604 words)

	Adaesanos Page #2 ,History
		Named by Antonio Gil Y' Barbo, a native of Los Adaes and a wealthy ranchera owner, who took over the duties of leadership after the death of faithful Lt. Joseph Gonzales who died on the march from Los Adaes to San Antonio de Bexar in 1773.
		In June 1773 the Spanish Government issued orders for the abandonment of Los Adaes and ordered all inhabitants to evacuate to San Antonio.
		Most of the people were native to Los Adaes and had not ventured from its confines.
	geocities.com /adaesanos/Adaesanos_page_2_History.html (398 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		A few years later in 1721, the mission and the village that developed around it, known as Los Adaes, was declared the capitol of Texas and a presidio was built.
		The commander of the presidio at Los Adaes in 1737, Firmin de Ybircú, was court-martialed for undue intimacy with French women at Natchitoches and because he "kept" French women at Los Adaes.
		A family of Morans was in Los Adaes, the capital of Texas, in 1767.
	users.ev1.net /~gpmoran/Prologue2.htm (3090 words)

	Chapter 5, Chapter Overview, Texas and Texans, Glencoe, 2003
		San Antonio and Los Adaes In the spring of 1718, an expedition constructed a fort-town, Presidio San Antonio de Béxar, on one side of the San Antonio River.
		This presidio, Los Adaes, became the capital of Texas for almost 50 years.
		San Antonio, Goliad, Los Adaes, and Nacogdoches were the most important civilian settlements in Spanish Texas.
	www.glencoe.com /sec/socialstudies/ushistory/tx2003/content.php4/656/1 (383 words)

	American Experience \| Remember the Alamo \| Maps \| PBS
		Spain's strategically located Los Adaes settlement blocked the French from entering Texas from the east.
		Los Adaes was the capital of Spanish colonial Texas from 1729 until 1772.
		It seemed to him that, without these families, it would be hard to hold the province, which is one of the most valuable in America.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/alamo/maps/maps_text_02.html (352 words)

	El Camino East/West Corridor
		As defined in the enabling legislation, El Camino Real de los Tejas was established to connect a series of Spanish missions and posts between Monclova, Mexico, and Los Adaes, the first capital of the province of Texas (in what is now northwestern Louisiana).
		The road from the Rio Grande to Los Adaes, near Robeline, Louisiana, must be considered in two segments separated by San Antonio.
		After the presidio at Los Adaes was closed and the capital moved to San Antonio, Spanish residence and interest in eastern Texas declined but did not end.
	elcaminocorridor.org /history.htm (1634 words)

	The King's Road (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Presidio Nuestra Senora del Pilar de Los Adaes, with about 100 soldiers from Mexico, was made the capitol of the Texas province in 1729 and remained for 44 years.
		Some from Los Adaes remained in east Texas along the westward route to the new capitol in San Antonio and many others later returned to the old settlements among the Texas pines and back into Louisiana, where some of their descendents remain today.
		Old Spanish Lake, near Los Adaes, was once flooded by the overflow of the Red River until a clearing operation in the mid 1800s opened the river to Shreveport, draining the lake.
	www.houstonculture.org /terra/king.html (2308 words)

	El Camino Real de los Tejas - Designation Study
		The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and desirability of designating El Camino Real de los Tejas as a national historic trail under the study provisions of the National Trails System Act (Public Law [PL] 90-543, 16 USC 1241 et seq.).
		El Camino Real de los Tejas and variations in the primary route were used for more than 150 years as the principal route between Mexico City, Saltillo, Monclova, and respective presidios, and the missions near the present Guerrero, Coahuila, Mexico, on the Rio Grande and Los Adaes in what is now northwestern Louisiana.
		The emphasis of the study is on the part of the trail that is in, the United States from the Rio Grande in Maverick County, Texas, to Natchitoches, Louisiana.
	ccserving.com /www/mcinfo/geography/trails/el_camino_real_de_los_tejas.htm (782 words)

	Los Adaes, the First Capital of Texas.
		The eastern most outpost of the empire was Mission San Miguel de Linaeraes de los Adaes, founded by Domingo Ramon in 1717 about thirty miles east of the Sabine River—in what became Louisiana.
		In 1729, the viceroy, stationed in far-away Mexico City, increased the prestige of Los Adaes by designating it the capital of Texas and lessened its chances for success by reducing the number of personnel at its military presidio to 60 men.
		The difficulty of supplying Los Adaes and other Spanish missions in East Texas over 1,500 miles of uncertain roads, forced them to turn for supplies to the very French against whom they were supposed to guard the Spanish frontier.
	www.texasescapes.com /AllThingsHistorical/Los-Adaes-AM605.htm (453 words)

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