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Topic: Loss function

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	Loss function - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In statistics, decision theory and economics, a loss function is a function that maps an event (technically an element of a sample space) onto a real number representing the economic cost or regret associated with the event.
		Loss functions are typically expressed in monetary terms though other measures of cost are possible, for example mortality or morbidity in the field of public health.
		Combining the three elements of the prior probability, the data, and the loss function then allows decisions to be based on maximising the subjective expected utility, a concept introduced by Leonard J. Savage.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Loss_function (409 words)

	Loss function - Wikipédia
		Dina statistik, decision theory sarta ékonomi, a loss function is a function that maps an event (technically an element of a sample space) onto a real number representing the economic cost or regret associated with the event.
		Loss function satisfies the definition of a random variable so we can establish a cumulative distribution function and an nilai ekspektasi.
		So it is possible to have two different loss functions which lead to the same decision when the prior probability distributions associated with each compensate for the details of each loss function.
	su.wikipedia.org /wiki/Loss_function (391 words)

	Loss function -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Loss functions are typically expressed in monetary terms though other measures of cost are possible, for example mortality or morbidity in the field of (Click link for more info and facts about public health) public health.
		Loss functions are complementary to (Click link for more info and facts about utility functions) utility functions which represent benefit and satisfaction.
		A loss function satisfies the definition of a (A variable quantity that is random) random variable so we can establish a (Click link for more info and facts about cumulative distribution function) cumulative distribution function and an (The sum of the values of a random variable divided by the number of values) expected value.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/lo/loss_function.htm (527 words)

	Memory / Cognitive Function Loss - A Summary - by George Pararas-Carayannis Ph.D
		Memory loss may be characterized as the difficulty or failure for immediate or delayed recall.
		is an extreme loss of cognitive ability; it results from a dysfunction in the dominant hemisphere of the brain and may result in impaired or total loss of the ability to even speak or write.
		Loss of memory/cognitive function may be provoked or aggravated by medications (mental slowing has been observed in Parkinson's patients).
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/4870/MEDMemoryCognitive.html (2006 words)

	[No title]
		Statistical characterization of different types of loss functions in terms of their robustness to different noise models is addressed in robust statistics (Huber, 1964); and robust loss functions have been extensively used for modeling real-life noisy data (i.e.
		Notice that squared loss is (asymptotically) optimal for Gaussian noise and least-modulus loss is (asymptotically) optimal for Laplacian noise density.
		In contrast to a popular opinion that the loss function in (14) should be tailored to particular noise density (Smola and Sholkopf, 1998; Hastie et al, 2001) we expect an overall superiority of EMBED Equation.2 —insensitive loss for sparse high-dimensional problems.
	www.ece.umn.edu /users/cherkass/Regressionloss.doc (5104 words)

	Taguchi's Loss Function
		Most applications of the loss function in QFD can use a value of 1 for k since the constant would be the same for all competitors as it relates to the customer.
		Calculating the average loss assumes you agree with the concept of the loss function.
		The ratio of the average loss of one competitor to another is independent of k.
	www.dnh.mv.net /ipusers/rm/loss.htm (1439 words)

	The loss function of sensorimotor learning -- Körding and Wolpert 101 (26): 9839 -- Proceedings of the National ...
		the loss function is proportional to the square root of the
		Loss functions have been assumed to be quadratic in the error
		The fitted functions are normalized so that the losses at 0 and 1 cm are identical for each subject.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/26/9839 (2875 words)

	Loss of function of the tuberous sclerosis 2 tumor suppressor gene results in embryonic lethality characterized by ...
		Loss of function of the tuberous sclerosis 2 tumor suppressor gene results in embryonic lethality characterized by disrupted neuroepithelial growth and development -- Rennebeck et al.
		Loss of function of the tuberous sclerosis 2 tumor suppressor gene results in embryonic lethality characterized by disrupted neuroepithelial growth and development
		To investigate the function of the Tsc2 gene during embryogenesis, we crossed rats heterozygous for the Eker Tsc2 mutation.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/95/26/15629 (3958 words)

	Taguchi Loss Function Visual and Equation
		For example, the target value and the bottom of the parabolic function intersect, implying that as parts are produced at the nominal value, little or no loss occurs.
		Using the loss function, explain why it may be to the benefit of the company and customer to replace or sharpen the tool more frequently.
		At a measured value of 0.501", the loss is $0.018, and with a value of 0.536", the loss would be as much as $23.00.
	elsmar.com /Taguchi.html (763 words)

	Taguchi Methods
		The second related aspect of the Taguchi methodology - the "Taguchi loss function" or "quality loss function" maintains that there is an increasing loss (both for producers and for society at large), which is a function of the deviation or variability from the ideal or target value of any design parameter.
		The concept of loss being dependent on variation is well established in design theory, and at a systems level is related to the benefits and costs associated with dependability.
		A common criticism of the Taguchi loss function is that while the form of the loss function may be regarded in most cases as being more realistic than a step function, the practicalities of determining the constant k with any degree of accuracy are formidable.
	www.lmu.ac.uk /lis/imgtserv/tools/taguchi.htm (823 words)

	Curious Cat Management Library - Definitions of Management Terms: Taguchi Loss Function
		The Taguchi loss function aims to capture not only the loss to the customer but to the company and society at large that can be measured in cost.
		In general the loss function is shown as a parabola with the point of minimal loss directly over the target value.
		And while paying attention to the value for the loss to society is worthwhile I think it would also make sense to calculate the loss function as it relates to just the customer and the provider (as well as subsequent customer in the case where intermediaries exist).
	www.curiouscat.com /management/lossfunction.cfm (372 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Muscle function loss
		Complete loss of muscle function, or paralysis, can affect a small area (localized) or be widespread (generalized).
		Loss of muscle function (paralysis) is a major medical event.
		In the U.S., the majority of paralysis results from stroke (cerebrovascular accident, CVA) or from trauma such as a spinal fracture (broken neck or back).
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003190.htm (642 words)

	Loss Function Lab
		Loss of the sample set is L = k (s
		Sketch traditional and Taguchi loss curves using all data point losses.
		Calculate the overall loss of the sample set (traditional and Taguchi).
	class.et.byu.edu /mfg340/other/labs/old/LossFunctionLab.html (306 words)

	GSDL Memory Loss and Senile Dementia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		If the memory loss is progressive, as in Alzheimer's disease, it may be part of a steady deterioration of brain neurons that eventually creates a state of permanent confusion that can last for years, until the person dies.
		Memory Loss and Melatonin: One researcher suggests that melatonin imbalances are the main triggers behind memory loss associated with Alzheimer's disease.
		Memory Loss and Elemental Imbalances: Overexposure to toxins such as mercury, cadmium, and aluminum is linked to severely impaired cognitive function and loss of memory.
	www.gsdl.com /home/assessments/finddisease/memory (283 words)

	Germline and somatic loss of function of the mouse cpk gene causes biliary ductal pathology that is genetically ...
		Germline and somatic loss of function of the mouse cpk gene causes biliary ductal pathology that is genetically modulated -- Guay-Woodford et al.
		Germline and somatic loss of function of the mouse cpk gene causes biliary ductal pathology that is genetically modulated
		Loss of heterozygosity of cpk-linked polymorphic markers in cyst-derived epithelia from D2-+/cpk liver cysts.
	hmg.oupjournals.org /cgi/content/full/9/5/769 (5295 words)

	Loss of Hoxa5 gene function in mice perturbs intestinal maturation -- Aubin et al. 277 (5): 965 -- AJP - Cell Physiology
		Loss of Hoxa5 gene function in mice perturbs intestinal maturation -- Aubin et al.
		Loss of Hoxa5 gene function in mice perturbs intestinal maturation
		for midgut morphogenesis, its loss of function perturbs the acquisition
	ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/277/5/C965 (328 words)

	Weakness with temporary loss of function, Eastern Carolina
		Numbness, loss of all feeling, or inability to move (paralysis) part or all of one side of the body (face, arm, and leg).
		Weakness in one area of your body and loss of function, even for a few minutes, may occur with a decrease in blood flow to the brain.
		Prompt medical attention is required if someone has signs of loss of function, even if it is brief and temporary.
	www.uhseast.com /173722.cfm (365 words)

	EPG618: Use of sum rules on the energy-loss function for the evaluation of experimental optical data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Use of sum rules on the energy-loss function for the evaluation of experimental optical data
		These sum rules were used to evaluate sets of energy-loss function data constructed first from tabulated optical data which have been supplemented by interpolations in the 40-100 eV range for Ti, Mo, W, and Ir.
		A second set of enery-loss function data was constructed for each material by substituting energy-loss function values calculated from the optical data of Windt et al.
	physics.nist.gov /Divisions/Div841/Gp3/Pubs/abstract/epg618.html (193 words)

	Loss Function Based Ranking in Two-Stage, Hierarchical Models
		Though these are effective, in many applications interest focuses on identifying the relatively good (e.g., in the upper 10%) or relatively poor performers.
		We construct loss functions that address this goal and evaluate candidate rank estimates, some of which optimize specific loss functions.
		We study performance for a fully parametric hierarchical model with a Gaussian prior and Gaussian sampling distributions, evaluating performance for several loss functions.
	www.bepress.com /jhubiostat/paper6 (226 words)

	OCC: PUBLICATIONS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		We emphasize that a loss or value function must be specified so as to quantify the gains and losses from choosing a more or less granular asset segmentation scheme.
		Our chosen loss function considers the trade-off between the decrease in sampling variance obtained by combining data to increase sample size and the bias resulting from characterizing unlike assets with the same default probability.
		That is, the "loss" from grouping is small when the evaluation criterion is the accuracy of estimation of the required total capital; grouping is of more concern when we are interested in getting capital attributed correctly at the bucket level.
	www.occ.treas.gov /wp2004-2.htm (424 words)

	Headache with loss of function, Eastern Carolina
		Headache accompanied by loss of function, even for a few minutes, indicates a decrease in blood flow to the brain.
		Transient ischemic attack (TIA), which causes a brief and temporary loss of function.
		Prompt medical attention is required for individuals with a headache and signs of loss of function, even if the loss of function was brief and temporary.
	www.uhseast.com /135622.cfm (258 words)

	Loss of Heterozygosity at the RET Protooncogene Locus in a Case of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A -- Quadro et ...
		Loss of Heterozygosity at the RET Protooncogene Locus in a Case of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A -- Quadro et al.
		a germline mutation and a somatic loss of the wild-type allele.
		1987 Loss of genes on chromosome 22 in medullary thyroid carcinoma and pheocromocytoma.
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/86/1/239 (3937 words)

	Plastic Changes in the Central Auditory System After Hearing Loss, Restoration of Function, and During Learning -- Syka ...
		loss was induced by injections of the ototoxic antibiotic amikacin
		losses of OHC and IHC in the basal and apical regions of the cochlea
		auditory function and input to the neurons (136).
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/82/3/601 (11487 words)

	Loss of function and inhibitory effects of human CSX/NKX2.5 homeoprotein mutations associated with congenital heart ...
		Loss of function and inhibitory effects of human CSX/NKX2.5 homeoprotein mutations associated with congenital heart disease -- Kasahara et al.
		functions as a heterozygous null allele in vivo.
		to function as loss of function allele in vivo, as the mutant
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/106/2/299 (6380 words)

	Prof. Helmes, HU Berlin - A Linear Mini-Max Estimator for the Case of a Quartic Loss Function (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The problem for a quadratic loss function was first addressed by Ibragimov and Hasminski [6], and they obtained a minimax theorem as well as a linear minimax estimator in this case; for related work cf.
		The basic idea of their proof for the quadratic case carries over to the case of a quartic loss function, although some of the arguments are slightly more involved.
		Following the ideas of Ibragimov and Hasminski we also derive a lower bound for the ratio of the minimax risks for all non-linear estimators versus all linear estimators for the quartic case.
	www.wiwi.hu-berlin.de /or/preprints/minmax2/minmax2.shtml (309 words)

	Loss of function (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Dizziness (vertigo) or loss of balance that occurs with nausea or vomiting or that prevents standing or walking.
		Numbness, loss of all feeling, or inability to move (paralysis) in part or all of one side of the body, such as the face, an arm, or a leg.
		Vision problems, such as double vision or sudden dimness, blurring, or loss of vision in one or both eyes.
	www.meritcare.com /hwdb/_followLink.asp?sgml_id=not43782-sec (153 words)

	The Importance of the Loss Function in Option Pricing (SMEALSearch) - Pal,Rangaswamy,Giles,Debnath (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		We do not promote a particular function, but instead emphasize that consistency in the choice of loss functions is crucial.
		First, for any given model, the loss function used in parameter estimation and model evaluation should be identical, otherwise suboptimal parameter estimates may be obtained.
		Second, when comparing models, the estimation loss function should be identical across models, otherwise unfair comparisons will be made.
	smealsearch.psu.edu /16564.html (288 words)

	Predictors of Loss of Lung Function in the Elderly . The Cardiovascular Health Study -- GRIFFITH et al. 163 (1): 61 -- ...
		Predictors of Loss of Lung Function in the Elderly.
		(3), and the cross-sectional correlates of lung function in
		The magnitude of the independent association of age on lung function in the current analysis, a mean loss of FEV
	www.ajrccm.org /cgi/content/full/163/1/61 (4683 words)

	Genichi Taguchi - Quality Loss Function
		Genichi Taguchi is a Japanese quality expert, known for the Quality Loss Function and for methodologies to optimise quality at the design stage – “robust design”.
		Genichi Taguchi considers quality loss all the way through to the customer, including cost of scrap, rework, downtime, warranty claims and ultimately reduced market share.
		The quality loss function allows financial decisions to be made at the design stage regarding the cost of achieving the target performance.
	www.mftrou.com /genichi-taguchi.html (410 words)

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