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	Louis IX of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Louis was the elder brother of Charles I of Sicily (1227–1285), whom he created count of Anjou, thus founding the second Angevin dynasty.
		Louis' patronage of the arts drove much innovation in Gothic art and architecture, and the style of his court radiated throughout Europe by both the purchase of art objects from Parisian masters for export and by the marriage of the king's many daughters to foreign husbands and their subsequent introduction of Parisian models elsewhere.
		In all these deeds, Louis IX tried to fulfill the duty of France, which was seen as "the eldest daughter of the Church" (la fille aînée de l'Église), a tradition of protector of the Church going back to the Franks and Charlemagne, who had been crowned in Rome in 800.
	www.sterlingheights.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Louis_IX_of_France (1533 words)

	LOUIS IX. OF FRANCE - LoveToKnow Article on LOUIS IX. OF FRANCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In 1154 Louis married Constance, daughter of the king of Castile, and their daughter Marguerite he affianced imprudently by the treaty of Gisors (1158) to Henry, eldest son of the king of England, promising as dowry the Vexin and Gisors.
		Louis made a similar compromise with the king of Aragon in the treaty of Corbeil, 1258, whereby he gave up the claims of kings of France to Roussillon and Barcelona, which went back to the conquest of Charlemagne.
		Louis was more successful in preventing feuds between his own nobles: between the counts of Brittany and Champagne over the succession to Navarre; the dauphin of Vienne (Guigues VII.) and Charles of Anjou; the count of Burgundy and the count of Chalons; Henry of Luxemburg and the duke of Lorraine with the count of Bar.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /L/LO/LOUIS_IX_OF_FRANCE.htm (2828 words)

	AllRefer.com - Louis IX, king of France (French History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Louis IX or Saint Louis, 1214–70, king of France (1226–70), son and successor of Louis VIII.
		By its terms Louis ceded Limoges, Cahors, and PErigueux to Henry in exchange for Henry's renunciation of Normandy, Anjou, Maine, Touraine, and Poitou and his recognition of the king of France as suzerain for the reduced duchy of Aquitaine.
		A respected arbitrator, Louis settled succession disputes in Flanders and Hainaut and in Navarre; he attempted unsuccessfully to settle the bitter controversy between Henry III and the English barons by judging in favor of the king.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/Louis9Fr.html (533 words)

	LOUIS X. OF FRANCE - LoveToKnow Article on LOUIS X. OF FRANCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Louis X. is a somewhat indistinct figure among the kings of France, the preponderating influence at court during his short reign being that of his uncle, Charles of Valois.
		If, as has been claimed, Louis owed to them any of his tendency to prefer the society of the poor, or rather of the bourgeois, to that of the nobility, their example was his best lesson in the craft of kingship.
		Louis began his rebellious career by a futile attempt to seduce the cities of Agenais into treason, and then he prepared a plot to seize the king and his minister Pierre de Br6ze.
	66.1911encyclopedia.org /L/LO/LOUIS_X_OF_FRANCE.htm (2884 words)

	King Louis IX
		Louis is often described as "one of the greatest of all French kings" because of his many accomplishments which included improving the tax system, simplifying administration, extending the appellate jurisdiction of the crown to all cases, encouraging the use of Roman Law, and building the first French navy.
		Louis was considered by his family, friends, French nobles, and religious men and women to be a deeply pious and honorable man. He took a special interest in charitable institutions, regarding his kingly duties as part of his Christian vocation.
		Louis was a devoted husband to his wife Margaret, and their 11 children, eight of whom lived to adulthood.
	www.st-louis.org /louis.htm (414 words)

	Louis IX of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		On May 27, 1234 Louis married Marguerite de Provence (1221–December 21, 1295), the sister of Eleanor, the wife of Henry III of England.
		Louis IX of France was revered as a saint and painted in portraiture well after his death (such portraits may not accurately reflect his appearance).
		The cities of Saint Louis, Missouri, Saint-Louis du Sénégal in Senegal, Saint-Louis in Alsace, as well as Lac Saint-Louis in Quebec, and the Mission San Luis Rey de Francia in California are among the many places named after the king.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Louis_IX_of_France (1623 words)

	Encyclopedia: Louis IX of France
		Blanche of Castile (1188-1252), wife of Louis VIII of France, third daughter of Alfonso VIII, king of Castile, and of Eleanor of England, daughter of Henry II, was born at Palencia.
		Louis VII the Younger (French: Louis VII le Jeune) (1120 â€“ September 18, 1180) was King of France from 1137 to 1180.
		The Seventh Crusade was a crusade led by Louis IX of France from 1248 to 1254.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Louis-IX-of-France (5790 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Louis IX
		By this treaty St. Louis gave Henry III all the fiefs and domains belonging to the King of France in the Dioceses of Limoges, Cahors, and Périgueux; and in the event of Alphonsus of Poitiers dying without issue, Saintonge and Agenais would escheat to Henry III.
		In 1263, St. Louis was chosen as arbitrator in a difference which separated Henry III and the English barons: by the Dit d'Amiens (24 January, 1264) he declared himself for Henry III against the barons, and annulled the Provisions of Oxford, by which the barons had attempted to restrict the authority of the king.
		It was also in the period between the two crusades that St. Louis, by the Treaty of Corbeil, imposed upon the King of Aragon the abandonment of his claims to all the fiefs in Languedoc excepting Montpellier, and the surrender of his rights to Provence (11 May, 1258).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/09368a.htm (1653 words)

	Louis VIII of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Louis was born in Paris, France, the son of King Philippe II Auguste and Isabelle of Hainaut.
		Louis succeeded his father on July 14, 1223; his coronation took place on August 6 of the same year in the cathedral at Reims.
		Louis' prohibition was one attempt at resolving this legal problem which was a constant source of friction in Church and State courts.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Louis_VIII_of_France (563 words)

	King St. Louis IX
		Louis was the son of Louis VIII Capet of France.
		Louis helped found the Sorbonne; he established a hospital for the blind; he made provision for the chronically poor; and he daily fed the hungry, often waiting on them himself.
		King Louis lived in the days of the crusades; and for him, chivalrous as he was by nature, there was no nobler quest than to wrest from the hands of unbelievers the Holy Land sanctified by Jesus' death.
	www.stthomasirondequoit.com /SaintsAlive/id704.htm (687 words)

	Saint King Louis IX Capet of France (1214-1270) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Louis's mother, Blanche of Castile, daughter of Alfonso IX, king of Castile, was regent during his minority and again from 1248 until her death in 1252.
		Louis and his forces were defeated and captured in Egypt in 1250, and the king remained in Palestine for four years before returning to France.
		In 1258 Louis signed the Treaty of Corbeil, relinquishing to the kingdom of Aragón all French claims to Barcelona and Roussillon, in return for which the Aragonese renounced their claims to parts of Provence and Languedoc.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/Ranch/8882/Notes/00188.htm (201 words)

	Louis, IX Biography / Biography of Louis, IX Biography Biography
		Louis IX (1214-1270), or St. Louis, was king of France from 1226 to 1270.
		Born on April 25, 1214, the oldest of the 12 children of Louis VIII and Blanche of Castile, the half-Spanish Louis IX grew up to be a tall, handsome, blond, and jovial prince.
		Louis was only 12 when he became king; his Spanish mother, in France since she was 12, became regent until Louis could accept active rule at 21.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-louis-ix/index.html (255 words)

	The Saintonge War (July 1242)
		King Louis IX (Saint Louis) of France held a plenary court at Samur in Anjou, in June 1241.
		Louis IX used this event to announce his intention to invested his younger brother, Alfonso, comted de Poitiers, with fiefs thier father (Louis VIII of France) had held.
		King Louis IX's struggle with the English king Henry III must also be seen in context with the on-going events of the Albigsenian Crusades at the time.
	www.xenophongroup.com /montjoie/taillebr.htm (1941 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		King Louis IX of France or Saint Louis (1215 - 1270) was King of France from 1226 to 1270.
		His father died when Louis was eleven years old and he was crowned in 1226 in the cathedral at Reims.
		Louis was the elder brother of Charles I of Sicily (1227-1285), whom he created count of Anjou, thus founding the second Angevin dynasty.
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/l/lo/louis_ix_of_france.html (336 words)

	St Louis IX of France
		Louis IX King of France, son of Louis VIII and Blanche of Castile, born at Poissy, 25 April, 1215; died near Tunis, 25 August, 1270.
		Louis gave Henry III all the fiefs and domains belonging to the King of France in the Dioceses of Limoges, Cahors, and Périgueux; and in the event of Alphonsus of Poitiers dying without issue, Saintonge and Agenais would escheat to Henry III.
		Louis to have been above all a lover of peace, a king who desired not only to put an end to conflicts, but also to remove the causes for fresh wars, and this spirit of peace rested upon the Christian conception.
	www.maxwell.syr.edu /maxpages/classes/His311/StLouisIXofFrance.html (1606 words)

	SAINT LOUIS IX
		Louis married when he was nineteen and two years later took over the rule of his kingdom from Queen Blanche.
		Louis remained in Palestine, visiting the Holy Places, until 1254 when news arrived of the death of his beloved mother, the queen regent.
		Louis was called upon to act as arbitrator in the feuds of other lands and was the mediator between Henry Ill of England and his barons.
	www.stfrancisvernon.org /stlouis.htm (899 words)

	McNichols Icons: St. Louis IX and his son Philip III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Louis IX, son of Louis VIII, and the Spanish Blanche of Castile, war born at Poissy, April 25, 1214, died August 25, 1270, and was canonized in 1297.
		Louis had a native-born Solomonic wisdom, often acting as judge and a kind of saviour in the oppressive troubles of the poor who adored him.
		Louis was much loved too, though they had their disagreements, by his wife Marguerite, and together they had eleven children.
	puffin.creighton.edu /jesuit/andre/louis.html (301 words)

	Directory - Society: Religion and Spirituality: Christianity: Denominations: Catholicism: Saints: L: Saint Louis IX
		Memoirs of Saint Louis · cached · Biography of St. Louis by a contemporary, Jean de Joinville.
		Saint Louis, king of France · cached · Miniatures from two fourteenth-century French manuscripts depict events in the life of Louis IX.
		The Ecole Glossary: Louis IX · cached · Short biography of St. Louis, by Melissa Smeltzer.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=244010 (206 words)

	St. Louis of France
		His father was Louis VIII, of the Capet line, and his mother was the redoubtable Queen Blanche, daughter of King Alfonso of Castile and Eleanor of England.
		Louis, the oldest son, was born at Poissy on the Seine, a little below Paris, on April 25,1214, and there was christened.
		Louis sailed with his forces from Aigues-Mortes, at the mouth of the Rhone, on July 1, 1270, heading for Tunis, where, he had been told, the emir was ready to be converted and join the expedition to win back the Holy Places.
	www.ewtn.com /library/MARY/LOUIS.htm (3291 words)

	The Ecole Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Louis IX was born in Poissy, France in 1214 to Louis VIII and Blanche of Castille.
		In 1242 Louis defeated Henry III at Tailebourg.
		At the onset of the Seventh Crusade in 1270, Louis died of dysentry.
	www2.evansville.edu /ecoleweb/glossary/louis9.html (183 words)

	St. Louis IX
		Louis cared for the sick, the poor and the blind and founded a hospital for their care.
		Louis had a great devotion for the Church, the Eucharist, the Cross, the Crown of thorns, the truth and grace.
		King Louis leaves a legacy for those who live under his patronage: youthful faith, committed service to the Church and to the pope, love of the truth, care for the needy who struggle for life,, dedication to his country and a recognition of God’s royal authority over us all.
	www.hamnercam.com /www_stlouis/st_louis_ix.html (506 words)

	Louis IX (from Louis, kings of France) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		Louis IX (born 1214, ruled 1226–70), called St. Louis, was one of the most virtuous and heroic kings of France.
		Louis IX had all the good qualities and few of the bad ones of the age in which he lived.
		Second son of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie-Antoinette, he was the royalists' first recognized claimant to the monarchy after his father was executed during the French Revolution.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-204049?tocId=204049 (799 words)

	History Today: The crusades of St Louis.(King Louis IX of France)(includes bibliography)@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The crusades of St Louis.(King Louis IX of France)(includes bibliography)
		The death of Louis IX of France in 1270 marked the end of the era of great international crusades.
		Louis won a reputation as the ideal Christian king.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:19383879&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (202 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Louis IX (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Louis IX, called St Louis (1214-1270), King of France (1226-1270), son and successor of Louis VIII.
		Nearly 20 years elapsed between Frederick's Crusade and the next large expedition to the Middle East, which was organized and financed by King Louis...
		Charles IX (of France) (1550-1574), King of France (1560-1574), born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Louis_IX.html (105 words)

	Biography: Louis IX, King of France (25 August 1270) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Louis worked for the political unification of France, yielding Limoge, Cahors, and Perigeux to Henry in exchange for Henry's renunciation of all claims to Normandy, Anjou, Maine, Touraine, and Poitou (Treaty of Paris, 1259).
		In 1249 they proceeded to Egypt and took the city of Damietta, but discipline broke down and Louis was unable to keep the soldiers from looting.
		Disease ravaged the camp, and in 1250 the army suffered a disastrous defeat at Mansurah and Louis himself was taken prisoner.
	elvis.rowan.edu /~kilroy/JEK/08/25.html (632 words)

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