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	American Experience \| Chicago: City of the Century \| People & Events
		Louis Henry Sullivan was born in Boston in 1856.
		Sullivan was the first to realize that the new function of the walls required a new form.
		Sullivan feared that his new architecture, which would eventually be known as the "Chicago School," was set back fifty years with the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/chicago/peopleevents/p_sullivan.html (772 words)

	Louis Sullivan at The Art Institute of Chicago
		Among Sullivan's contributions to the development of modern American architecture was the new aesthetic for the visual organization of tall buildings: a strong base at grade level, top floors capped with an eye-arresting cornice, and the general office floors in the central shaft repeatable ad infinitum.
		Sullivan was one of the most prolific architect/critics of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and numerous draft manuscripts and typescripts of his writings are held in this collection.
		The Chicago History Museum is leading a citywide celebration of Louis Sullivan beginning on the 150th anniversary of his birth, September 3, 2006, and culminating with an international symposium at the Museum on October 13, 14, and 15, 2006.
	www.artic.edu /aic/libraries/rbarchives/sullivan/index.html (1583 words)

	Louis Sullivan: The Growth of an Idea
		Louis Sullivan spent his life pushing for an Architecture that truly represented the people in the present, not one that copied the past.
		Louis Sullivan was born in Boston, in 1856 to an Irish Father and a Swiss-French mother.
		Sullivan was incorporating 'brick, terra-cotta, marble, fine wood, gilding, glass mosaic, and tinted window glass.'16 It was around this time (1888) that a young draftsman arrived at Adler and Sullivan looking for a job.
	www.tape.net /~gerry/sullivan/sullivan.html (2267 words)

	Louis Sullivan
		Louis Henri Sullivan was born on September 3, 1856 in Boston, Massachusetts.
		In 1879 Sullivan left Johnston (Edelman had left for Cleveland, Ohio in 1876) and went to work in the office of Dankmar Adler, and by 1883 the name of the firm became Adler and Sullivan.
		Sullivan continued designing banks in the Midwest but by 1918 he was virtually broke and was forced to leave his office in the Auditorium Building.
	www.prairiestyles.com /lsullivan.htm (731 words)

	Louis Sullivan - MSN Encarta
		Louis Sullivan (1856-1924), American architect, whose brilliant early designs for steel-frame skyscraper construction led to the emergence of the skyscraper as the distinctive American building type.
		Through his own work, especially his commercial structures, and as the founder of what is now known as the Chicago School of architects, he exerted an enormous influence on 20th-century American architecture.
		The son of a dancing teacher, Louis Henri Sullivan was born in Boston on September 3, 1856.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/refarticle.aspx?refid=761577992 (421 words)

	The My Hero Project - Louis Sullivan
		Louis Sullivan, an architect who worked at the turn of the twentieth century, is responsible for them.
		Sullivan’s strength was in adorning structures with expressive ornaments and facades in the Beaux-Arts, or Art Nouveaux style.
		Louis Sullivan was an artist whose medium was building, a poet whose materials were stone, brick, and mortar.
	www.myhero.com /myhero/hero.asp?hero=Sullivan (1220 words)

	Louis Sullivan: The Road to Grinnell
		Louis Sullivan was born in Boston in 1856 to immigrant parents.
		Sullivan arrived in late November of 1913, met with the bank’s building committee, and spent several days surveying the community, the central business district, and the corner he would work with at Broad and Fourth streets.
		Sullivan was absolute in his belief that there should be continuity between structures and their environment.
	www.grinnelliowa.gov /SullivanBank/HistoryRoad.html (2617 words)

	Lieber-Meister - The Louis Sullivan Page
		Louis Henri Sullivan was born in Boston on September 3, 1856.
		Sullivan was in the right place at the right time: the booming metropolis of Chicago needed rebuilding after the Chicago Fire of 1871.
		Louis Sullivan ended his partnership with Dankmar Alder in 1895, and his practice turned from skyscrapers (such as his last Chicago design, the Carson, Pirie, Scott store in Chicago in 1899) and very large buildings in the big midwestern cities to small buildings in small towns.
	www.geocities.com /SoHo/1469/sullivan.html (1356 words)

	MPR: Louis Sullivan's Owatonna Bank
		Sullivan designed the 10-story Wainwright building in St. Louis in 1891—the first building that looked like a skyscraper, and was built like one, with an all steel skeletal frame.
		It was Louis Sullivan who coined the famous phrase, "form ever follows function, and this is the law." His motto: Form follows function - meant many things, but essentially that buildings should grow organically to fulfill their functions, almost like trees.
		Louis Sullivan's other banks in addition to the one in Owatonna, can be found in Columbus, Wisconsin; Cedar Rapids, Grinnell and Algona, Iowa; West Lafayette, Indiana; and Sidney and Newark, Ohio.
	news.minnesota.publicradio.org /features/200002/28_buzenbergb_owatonna (881 words)

	Sullivan, Louis Henry. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Sullivan was employed in the Chicago office of William Le Baron Jenney, designer of the first steel-skeleton skyscraper, and later entered the office of Dankmar Adler, where he became chief draftsman and in 1880 was made a member of the firm.
		In Sullivan’s Wainwright Building in St. Louis (1890) a tall steel-frame building was so designed as not to belie the structural skeleton.
		Sullivan’s works all bore his stamp in the highly individual ornament that he had built up into a complete style, now identified with his name.
	www.bartleby.com /65/su/SullvnL.html (399 words)

	Louis Sullivan
		Sullivan's career started to fall apart around the turn of the century, when he suffered a psychological collapse.
		Although Sullivan designed some of the nation's boldest buildings, and later received an AIA gold medal, he died in poverty in a low class hotel in 1924.
		Louis Henry Sullivan will always be remembered as the pioneer of skyscrapers, and the king of the ornaments on them.
	library.advanced.org /16545/data/sullivan.htm (391 words)

	ArchitectureWeek - Culture - Louis Sullivan's Bradley House - 2000.0927
		Sullivan lifted the second story of his house onto piers holding it over the enfilade of the first floor and its high brick basement.
		Examination of Sullivan's two sheets reveals that the centers of the principal rooms are fixed by two concentric squares erected around the intersection of the major and minor axes and whose lines are picked up in the semicircular formal garden borders Sullivan indicates in front of the house.
		In Sullivan's house designs this active/passive balance of the circulations and the functional mass is what had already in 1891 created the most riveting external mark of the Charnley House, the balcony with its heavy Doric columns illogically founded on a bracketed overhang.
	www.architectureweek.com /2000/0927/culture_1-2.html (1150 words)

	Louis Sullivan article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The maximum height for downtown buildings in St. Louis was about eight stories until 1890, when a wave of tall building construction began, made possible by widespread use of elevators and development of steel construction.
		The new owners approached one St. Louis architectural firm, which “refused the job because of [their] high regard for the original design.” Another firm, Eames and Young, was retained for the remodeling, which – in effect – involved sticking a square story addition on top in place of the sloped roof.
		Louis Sullivan was the main architect on many historical building projects, four of them in St. Louis - the Wainwright, the St. Nicholas Hotel, the Union Trust Building and the Wainwright tomb.
	www.antiquedoorknobs.org /louis_sullivan_article.htm (1121 words)

	Merchants' Bank
		Sullivan was influential in founding the Prairie School of architecture, with his draftsman George Elmslie developing the style independently after the firm dissolved, and with Frank Lloyd Wright as his most important pupil.
		Sullivan's work strongly reflects the importance of organic ornament to 1870's Gothic Revivalists who he studied with, and the honest expression of structure and materials that was a fundamental theory of Reform Gothic architects.
		Louis Sullivan's masterpiece, the trading room from the Chicago Stock Exchange, is preserved at the Art Institute of Chicago.
	www.burrows.com /bank.html (493 words)

	Louis Sullivan's Guaranty Building — Hodgson Russ LLP Attorneys
		Sullivan wanted a bold new architectural style for the new building type that would express the confidence and prosperity of the United States at the end of the 19th century.
		Sullivan himself was born in Boston in 1856 and started his architectural schooling at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
		Sullivan withdrew from the firm in 1895, and turned his practice from skyscrapers to small buildings in small towns.
	www.hodgsonruss.com /article_406.html (1083 words)

	American Terra Cotta - Louis Sullivan
		Sullivan, generally considered the father of the Prairie School movement, preached a theory of “organic architecture” inspired by nature, rather than by historic styles.
		He chose Sullivan after reading the architect’s essays in The Craftsman on the need for an original American architecture.
		Sullivan was a romantic idealist who preached that architecture should be suited to the needs of people living in the modern age and that a building should reflect its time, place, and function.
	www.terracottabuildings.com /Sullivan_th.htm (253 words)

	Amazon.fr : Louis Sullivan: His Life and Work: Livres en anglais: Robert Twombly (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Despite Louis Sullivan's deserved reputation as the dean of American architects, little of substance has been written on his life and works.
		Twombly corrects this oversight with a superb new biography covering Sullivan's childhood in Boston; his early associations with Frank Furness in Philadelphia; his move to Chicago, where, during his partnership with Dankmar Adler, many of his finest buildings were constructed; and the final years when fame and fortune deserted him.
		Louis Sullivan was a visionary, given to utopian design, which he expressed in two ways. Lire la première page
	www.amazon.fr /Louis-Sullivan-His-Life-Work/dp/0670804592 (530 words)

	Unified Vision > The Collection > Louis H. Sullivan
		The style now known as the Prairie School originated with the Boston-born architect Louis Sullivan, who conceived the idea of an authentic American architecture suited to the needs of people living in the modern age.
		Sullivan thought that a building should reflect the place and time in which it was built-not some long-gone historical period-and be sympathetic to its site and natural surroundings.
		Sullivan inspired a younger generation of architects to apply his organic principles to all types of buildings, with an emphasis on residential architecture.
	www.artsmia.org /unified-vision/collection/sullivan.cfm (264 words)

	Graceland Cemetery: Louis Henri Sullivan (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Louis Henri Sullivan (Sept. 3, 1856 - Apr. 14, 1924) was one of Chicago's best-known architects.
		The six-pointed pattern on the front is one of Sullivan's own designs, and features his profile in the center.
		Sullivan's partner, Dankmar Adler, is buried in Chicago's Mount Mayriv Cemetery.
	www.graveyards.com /IL/Cook/graceland/sullivan.html (118 words)

	Louis Sullivan (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sullivan's interior decoration is exceedingly interesting, of a feathery vegetable character, derived perhaps partly from the Renaissance in an arts and crafts spirit but at the same time pointing forward to the license of art nouveau.
		However, Sullivan, through pleading in his "Kindergarten Chats" (1901) for a temporary embargo on all decoration, was himself as fascinated by ornament as by functional expression, and this appears even in the entrance motifs of his major building, the Carson, Pirie, Scott store (1899-1904), which is the most characteristic of the Chicago School.
		Sullivan died in obscurity and poverty in a hotel room in Chicago in 1924.
	ah.bfn.org /a/archs/sul/biog/index.html (531 words)

	Louis H. Sullivan - Great Buildings Online
		Louis Sullivan was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1856.
		Although Sullivan was usually viewed as the designer being backed by Adler's engineering skills, Adler's work showed an individual strength that has often been ignored.
		"Louis Sullivan's Bradley House", by David Van Zanten, ArchitectureWeek No. 20, 2000.0927, pC1.1.
	www.greatbuildings.com /architects/Louis_H._Sullivan.html (422 words)

	Louis Sullivan
		Louis Sullivan's amazing life started when he was born September 3, 1856 in Boston, Massachusetts.
		First Sullivan studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
		Sullivan traveled to several places including Chicago, Philadelphia, and Paris.
	library.thinkquest.org /J002846/a_sullivan.htm (140 words)

	Louis Sullivan at 150 : a comprehensive, six-week schedule of public programming leading up to the symposium.
		Louis Sullivan at 150 : a comprehensive, six-week schedule of public programming leading up to the symposium.
		The culminating event was the Louis Sullivan at 150 International Symposium, held at the Museum.
		This website also provides an extensive overview of Louis Sullivan's life and career and serves as a record of this recent celebration of his architecture.
	www.chicagohistory.org /sullivan150 (201 words)

	[No title]
		Louis Henry (Henri) Sullivan (September 3, 1856–April 14, 1924) was an American architect, called the "father of modernism".
		Louis Sullivan was born in Boston, to an Irish-born father and a Swiss-born mother both of whom immigrated to the United States in the late 1850s.
		In 1890 Sullivan was one of the ten architects, five from the Eastern US and five from the Western US, chosen to build a major structure for the "White City", the World's Columbian Exposition, held in Chicago in 1893.
	www.jwlry.com /louis-sullivan.htm (1054 words)

	Louis Sullivan after functionalism by Michael J. Lewis (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He showed that Sullivan’s architecture and ornament were reciprocal aspects of the same creative impulse—the ornament no less integral to the idea of the building than the foundations that sustained it.
		Sullivan had little respect for his ambitious father (“a lackey, a flunkey, a social parasite”), although he gives little indication why this should be so.
		Sullivan’s further claim that “Where function does not change form does not change” was a hard saying, for it contradicted the evidence of his buildings.
	www.newcriterion.com /archive/20/sept01/lewis.htm (4415 words)

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