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Topic: Louis T Wigfall

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	Louis Wigfall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Wigfall was among a group of leading secessionists that became known as the Fire-Eaters, advocating the preservation and expansion of an aristocratic agricultural society based on slave labor.
		Wigfall was a close friend of Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston and frequently proposed legislation on the general's behalf.
		Wigfall was a member of the Texas delegation to the Montgomery Conference, which formed the provisional government of the Confederacy.
	www.webnote.info /en/Louis_T._Wigfall.htm (498 words)

	Louis Trezevant Wigfall (1816-1874)
		Wigfall attended the law department of the University of Virginia at Charlottesville, was admitted to the bar in 1839, and commenced practice in Edgefield, S.C. Wigfall moved to Marshall, Tex., in 1848, was elected a member of the State house of representatives 1849-1850 and a member of State senate 1857-1860.
		Wigfall was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of J. Pinckney Henderson and served from December 5, 1859, until March 23, 1861, when he withdrew.
		Wigfall was among a group of leading secessionists that became known as the Fire-Eaters, advocating the preservation and expansion of a aristocratic agricultural society based on slave labor.
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /chron/civilwarnotes/wigfall.html (705 words)

	East Texas Historical Association
		Louis Trezevant Wigfall was born in 1816 in Edgefield, South Carolina, to a well-to-do, socially prominent family, and was reared privileged in an extremely class-conscious society.
		Wigfall was at Fort Sumter in April 1861 when the Civil War began, gleefully demanding the surrender of the federal post.
		Louis T. Wigfall is buried in Galveston's Trinity Episcopal Church cemetery.
	www.easttexashistorical.org /programs/gone/wigfall.html (617 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online:
		Louis T. Wigfall, secessionist, was born in Edgefield, South Carolina, on April 21, 1816, to Levi Durand and Eliza (Thomson) Wigfall and educated at South Carolina College and the University of Virginia.
		Wigfall was one of the few men in Houston's opposition who rivaled him as a stump speaker, and he was widely credited with Houston's defeat for the governorship in 1857.
		But Wigfall capitalized on the fear that John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry caused in the slave states and was elected to the United States Senate in 1859.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/WW/fwi4.html (906 words)

	LOUIS TREZEVANT WIGFALL, CSA
		Louis Trezevant Wigfall was born on April 21, 1816, near Edgefield, South Carolina.
		Wigfall became a US Senator in 1859, in which capacity he led Southern states-rights advocates and promoted federal laws to protect slavery and slaveowners.
		Wigfall supported the unpopular proposals of conscription, impressment, the suspension of habeas corpus and the government takeover of railroads.
	www.multied.com /BIO/CWcGENS/CSAWigfall.html (378 words)

	John Bell Hood
		Her father, Brigadier General Louis T. Wigfall was commander of the “Texas Brigade” when the letter was written.
		Wigfall resigned from the Confederate army in February of 1862 in order to maintain a seat in the Confederate Congress.
		The flag was lost to the Union on September 17, 1862 at the battle of Antietam and returned to the state of Texas by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1905 from the War Department.
	www.navarrocollege.edu /library/civilwar/finding_aids/g_l/hood.htm (342 words)

	Brigade Commanders of 4th Texas Infantry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Wigfall had been born in South Carolina in 1816, and left the University of Virginia to serve briefly in the Seminole War as a lieutenant of a volunteer unit.
		Wigfall left the Senate in 1861 to serve as a volunteer aide to Beauregard at Ft. Sumter, and was commissioned as the original colonel of the First Texas.
		Following Wigfall's departure for Richmond, Colonel James J. Archer of the 5th Texas was the brigade's senior officer, and he became the temporary commander.
	members.aol.com /h4texas/offbrig.htm (1330 words)

	Texas Treasures - Historic Flags - Texas State Library
		This is a Lone Star flag inscribed with the battle honors, "Seven Pines/Gaines Farm" in the blue canton, and "Elthams Landing/Malvern Hill" in the field.
		This very important flag was made by Lula Wigfall, daughter of the regiment's first colonel, Louis T. Wigfall, and was presented to the 1st Texas in the summer of 1861.
		After a brief hand-to-hand struggle, the battle flag was taken by General William T. Clark.
	www.tsl.state.tx.us /treasures/flagsandmaps/flags/historic-flags.html (1190 words)

	LOUIS TREZEVANT WIGFALL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Wigfall was born near Edgefield, South Carolina, April 21, 1816.
		He was educated at the University of Virginia and South Carolina College, graduating from the latter in 1837.
		Wigfall resigned his commission February 20, 1862, to take a seat in the Confederate Senate where he remained until the war’s end during which time he fervently defended Gen. Joseph E. Johnston at every turn and tirelessly opposed President Jefferson Davis.
	www.b17.com /mosb/generals/wigfall.htm (378 words)

	The Fire Eaters: Who Are They?
		WIGFALL, Louis Trezevant, a Senator from Texas; was born near Edgefield, Edgefield District, S.C., April 21, 1816.
		In 1846 Wigfall arrived in Galveston, then moved with his wife, Charlotte, and three children to Nacogdoches, where he was a law partner of Thomas J. Jennings and William B. Ochiltree.qv Soon Wigfall opened his own law office in Marshall.
		Wigfall made his presence felt when the Civil War began at Fort Sumter, rowing under fire to the fort and dictating unauthorized surrender terms to the federal commander.
	www.fireeater.org /HTML/FIRE_EATERS/the_Fire_Eaters.htm (3653 words)

	Church, State, and John Witherspoon
		Wigfall uttered his complaint about the presumed knockout blow that any invocation of the nation's Founders was assumed to deliver against opposing views when southerners like himself were putting distance between their states and the Union created in 1776.
		Wigfall, of course, couldn't have had our present circumstances in mind, but his exasperation even then hinted at the dangers lurking in too great attention to a few secular saints.
		This Founders Chic that didn't have a name in Wigfall's day has become a publishing phenomenon and, seeking to benefit from the fashion, publishers and complicitous historians and writers have produced biography after biography of the greatest men of 18th-century America as if they were the only figures worthy of our attention.
	www.weeklystandard.com /Check.asp?idArticle=6384&r=lweje (563 words)

	NPS Historical Handbook: Fort Sumter
		By authority of General Simons, commanding on Morris Island, Col. Louis T. Wigfall, one of General Beauregard's aides detached for duty at that spot, set out by small boat to ascertain whether Major Anderson would capitulate.
		Once through an embrasure on the Left Flank, white handkerchief on the point of his sword, Colonel Wigfall offered the Federal commander any terms he desired, only "the precise nature of which" would have to be arranged with General Beauregard.
		From these men, dispatched to offer assistance to the Federal commander, Anderson learned that Wigfall's action was unauthorized; that, indeed, the colonel had not seen the Commanding General since the start of the battle.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/hh/12/hh12g.htm (1332 words)

	Texas During The Civil War
		DURING the period between the submission of the secession ordinance to the people of Texas for approval and the date on which the ordinance went into effect, a group of seceded states, in convention at Montgomery, Ala., organized the Confederate States of America.
		Texas was received as a state of the Confederacy immediately after the final adjournment of the secession convention and members of the first congress and two senators were elected from Texas.
		Louis T. Wigfall and William S. Oldham were the senators named and President Davis appointed John H. Reagan as a member of his cabinet, assigning him to the portfolio of postmaster general.
	www.kwanah.com /txmilmus/wortham/4345.htm (5417 words)

	Wigfall Grays Marker - SCV Camp 1560, Wigfall Grays (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The SCV Wigfall Grays Camp 1560 erected an historical marker in the town square of Collierville, TN in 1998.
		The company was named in honor of Senator Louis T. Wigfall who was well known for his eloquent speeches advocating the Southern cause of states rights.
		After the Company was paroled on May 1, 1865 in Greensboro, North Carolina, the men of the Wigfall Grays returned to Collierville to find many of their homes destroyed and their property confiscated.
	tennessee-scv.org /Camp1560/MarkerWG.html (328 words)

	Louis Trezevant Wigfall
		WIGFALL, Louis Trezevant, senator, born in Edgefield district, South Carolina, 91 April, 1816; died in Galveston, Texas, 18 February, 1874.
		He was educated at the College of South Carolina, but left before graduation to go, as a lieutenant of volunteers, to Florida, where he took part in the operations against the Indians.
		Wigfall subsequently became colonel of the 2d infantry in the provisional Confederate army, and was promoted brigadier-general, 21 October, 1861.
	www.famousamericans.net /louistrezevantwigfall (568 words)

	Portrait of Confederate General Wigfall. - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Original carte-de-visite photograph of Texas Confederate General Louis T. Wigfall, ca.
		Wigfall was a vociferous states rights advocate and early promoter of Southern secession.
		No photograph of Gen. Wigfall in uniform is known to exist.
	www.antiqbook.com /boox/alm/2459.shtml (114 words)

	ADAH: Alabama Moments (Montgomery: First Capital of the Confederacy--Primary Sources)
		The following excerpt is from the "Correspondence of T. Cobb, 1860-62," Publications of the Southern Historical Association, XI (May 1907), 159-83; reprinted in Malcolm C. McMillan, The Alabama Confederate Reader (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1963), pp.
		Colonel [John T.] Pickett has turned up here, having made his escape from Washington just in time to escape arrest—traveling in disguise on foot through out-of-the-way places till he got among friends.
		After breakfast I walked down with Senator Wigfall [Louis T. Wigfall of Texas] to the capitol of Montgomery—one of the true Athenian Yankeeized structures of the novo-classic land, erected on a site worthy of a better fate and edifice.
	www.alabamamoments.state.al.us /sec14ps.html (605 words)

	Causes of the Civil War: The Fire-Eaters
		Louis T. Wigfall was born near Edgefield, South Carolina on April 21, 1816.
		After the chief executive vetoed Wigfall's bill to upgrade staff positions in the army and limit presidential selection, Wigfall carried his fight into social circles, even going so far as to refuse to stand when Davis entered the room.
		Although a friend and supporter of the Confederate military, he was also an obstructionist in opposing Davis' nominations.
	members.tripod.com /~greatamericanhistory/gr02014.htm (836 words)

	The American Spectator
		The Southern statesmen who dominated the Secession apparatus were the type Wilbur J. Cash called "beaux sabreurs," swaggering aristocrats or aristocratic wannabes who considered violent explosions of temper to be a gentleman's calling much like horsemanship or fencing, and who, moreover, lacked all conception of irony and paradox and believed introspection was for sissies.
		The only shade of gray they knew was the Confederate uniform.$tChief among them was Texas Sen. Louis T. Wigfall, a South Carolina planter by birth, who "explained" the South to a British journalist thusly: "We're a peculiar people, sir.
		Male slaves had been subject to short-term impressment for labor since the start of the war, but as time went on the debate centered around whether to arm them and use them as soldiers.
	www.spectator.org /dsp_article.asp?art_id=10545 (1675 words)

	WIGFALL, Louis Trezevant (1816-1874) Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		“Senatorial Speaking of Louis T. Wigfall, 1860-1861: A Study of Agitational Rhetoric.” Ph.D. dissertation, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 1975.
		Ledbetter, Billy D. “The Election of Louis T. Wigfall to the United States Senate, 1859: A Reevaluation.” Southwestern Historical Quarterly 77 (October 1973): 241-54.
		Walther, Eric H. “Palmetto Recklessness and Daring: Lawrence M. Keitt and Louis T. Wigfall.” In The Fire-Eaters, pp.
	bioguide.congress.gov /scripts/bibdisplay.pl?index=W000447 (132 words)

	Official Records : Page 278 \| OPERATIONS IN CHARLESTON HARBOR, S. C. Chapter I. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Orders were given to General Beauregard, at Charleston, to detail an officer for the special service at Baltimore, and I am only just informed that the officer appointed is still in Charleston.
		A person will be sent from this place to-night to perform that duty, with instructions to report to you if in Baltimore, and in your absence to William T. Walters, 68 Exchange Place, Baltimore.
		It will be much cheaper to ship the men as steerage passengers than by rail, and he will be so instructed unless you have special reasons for a contrary course.
	ehistory.osu.edu /uscw/library/or/001/0278.cfm (443 words)

	Search The Blue and Gray Trail for Louis Wigfall
		First came fire-eaterfire-eaters Louis T. Wigfall, Senator from Texas, asking about Johnston's...
		a surrender negotiated by fellow fire-eater Louis Trezevant Wigfall, Edmund Ruffin led the Palmetto Guards...
		Barnwell Rhett, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Toombs, Louis Trezevant Wigfall, and William Yancey.
	blueandgraytrail.com /search?id=568 (92 words)

	Handbook, Secession: http://www
		In any case, with Louis T. Wigfall who won the vote as
		Soon Wigfall opened his own law office in
		Wigfall was one of the few men in
	www.shsu.edu /~his_rtc/ContentDocsForSecession.htm (8744 words)

	Wofford College Southern Seen
		He attended an academy in Beaufort, SC, and went from it to South Carolina College, then headed by the famous Thomas Cooper, graduating as valedictorian after two years.
		From there he went in 1822 to infamous Edgefield County (from which would come an array of controversial figures such as Louis T. Wigfall and James Longstreet and many South Carolina political leaders) as a Baptist minister.
		Manly quickly made a mark as an amazingly successful revivalist.
	www.wofford.edu /southernSeen/content.aspx?id=13374 (710 words)

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