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	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Louis Washkansky (1913 – 21 December 1967) was the recipient of the world's first human heart transplant.
		Washkansky was a Lithuanian Jew, who migrated with his friends to South Africa in 1922, aged nine, and became a grocer in Cape Town.
		Louis Washkansky died of infection, and not rejection.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Louis_Washkansky (992 words)

	Today in Technology History - Dec 3
		The patient was a dentist in his 50s, Louis Washkansky.
		Barnard, who had tested such operations on animals, replaced Washkansky's failing heart with that of a young woman killed in a car crash.
		Washkansky was given drugs to keep his immune system from rejecting the new heart, but those drugs left him susceptible to pneumonia which killed him 18 days after the surgery.
	www.tecsoc.org /pubs/history/2001/dec3.htm (312 words)

	An Invented Death
		Louis Washkansky was the world’s first human heart transplant recipient.
		Louis Washkansky, desperately living each day at a time, was on the operating table.
		The autopsy of Louis Washkansky’s body showed that Denise’s heart had transplanted perfectly and, despite the patient’s death, surgeons around the world rejoiced at the world’s first successful human heart transplant.
	www.geocities.com /organdonate/AAACh1AnInventedDeath.html (2277 words)

	Christiaan Barnard Summary
		When Washkansky first awoke from his surgery, he is reported to have said, "I am the new Frankenstein." He survived with his new heart for eighteen days, at which point the infections that ravaged his body became lethal.
		Washkansky survived 18 days after the transplant, dying from pneumonia as a result of an immune system that had been suppressed to prevent rejection of the donor heart.
		Washkansky survived the operation and lived for eighteen days, before succumbing to pneumonia induced by the immuno-suppressive drugs he was taking.
	www.bookrags.com /Christiaan_Barnard (2861 words)

	Chris Barnard
		It now houses the main Museum collection and one of the most popular exhibits is a representation of the first heart transplant operation, with much of the equipment used on that historic occasion.
		Louis Washkansky’s heart was then similarly removed, and, for the first time in my life, I stared into an empty chest.
		Washkansky lived another 18 days but thousands more heart transplants have followed.
	www.centralkaroo.co.za /chrisbarnardmuseum.htm (376 words)

	Salem Press
		Washkansky was anesthetized in one room, while in another room Darvall's heart was taken off the machine.
		Washkansky was known as a brave, feisty, uncomplaining person, but for the next eighteen days, his health went up and down.
		Washkansky's death was a crushing blow to Barnard.
	salempress.com /Store/samples/science_and_scientists/science_and_scientists_heart.htm (1123 words)

	Guardian \| A new heart, a new era
		Washkansky, a 53-year-old Jew born in Lithuania, was a gravely ill man for whom nothing else could be done - and Schrire accepted him as a candidate for the momentous first transplant.
		Washkansky simply reminded Barnard that he was a betting man. "The odds always change at the last minute," he said huskily.
		On the day Washkansky was buried, Barnard flew to America for an hour-long television special and to meet the president, then Lyndon Johnson.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,,329513714-110418,00.html (2377 words)

	Inventors and Inventions: B - EnchantedLearning.com
		The 55-year-old Louis Washkansky received the heart transplant; Washkansky lived for only 18 days after the operation, dying from pneumonia (his immune system had been weakened by drugs designed to suppress the rejection of the new heart).
		Louis Braille is buried in the Pantheon in Paris, as a French national hero.
		In 1928, the bread slicer was improved by Gustav Papendick, a baker from St. Louis, Missouri.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /inventors/indexb.shtml (3265 words)

	BARNARD, Christiaan Neethling
		On Dec. 3, 1967, he performed the first human heart transplant, transferring the heart of a 25-year-old woman into the body of Louis Washkansky (1912?–67), a 55-year-old grocer; Washkansky died 18 days later of pneumonia.
		The second transplant, on Jan. 2, 1968, was for Philip Blaiberg (1909–69), who lived for 563 days after the operation.
		On December 3, 1967, fifty-three-year-old Lewis Washkansky received the first successful heart transplant at Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, South.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=202262 (439 words)

	::Christian Barnard::
		In December 1967 he transplanted the heart of a road accident victim into a 59 year old man, Louis Washkansky.
		This was the first operation of its kind and made Barnard a household name worldwide - fame that took him by surprise.
		One of Barnard's patients lived for over a year and a half after surgery, but patients needed drugs to prevent the body rejecting the donor heart.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /christian_barnard.htm (561 words)

	Orange - WireFree
		Mr Louis Washkansky, who was dying from heart disease, is the man given new life.
		The fourth and most intricate stage of the operation was placing the new heart into Mr Washkansky's body, with connections to all arteries and veins.
		Mr Washkansky was kept in the operating theatre for two more hours before being moved to a sterilised ward.
	www.codesign.it /codework/orange/heart.html (484 words)

	World Awards - Men´s World Day -
		Barnard had a patient, 55-year-old Louis Washkansky, who had diabetes and incurable heart disease.
		Washkansky could either wait for certain death or risk transplant surgery.
		She had had the same blood type as Washkansky and died shortly after arriving at the hospital, but her heart was still healthy.
	www.worldawards.com /2000/2000barnard.asp (292 words)

	GRADE 6: THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE
		Louis Washkanski was a Jewish immigrant who came to South Africa from Lithuania when he was 9 years old.
		Washkanski had to take medicine to suppress his immune system so that his body would not accept his new heart and this made him very open to infections.
		Outcomes: The learner is able to use information from sources to answer questions about Louis Washkansky, and to use common words relating to the passing of time.
	home.intekom.com /southafricanhistoryonline/pages/classroom/pages/projects/grade6/lesson4/06-Louiswash.htm (246 words)

	The Voice of Russia [ XX CENTURY: FOOTPRINTS IN HISTORY ]
		Even though the heart of the 25-year-old road accident victim, Denise Darval, transplanted into the chest of the 50-plus year-old Louis Washkansky beat there for just 18 days, medical history was made.
		Heart transplants were performed in 23 countries in a single year and almost all of Dr. Barbard’s patients successfully discharged from the Cape Town clinic living with donor hearts from 1 to 24 years...
		Even though Louis Washkansky lived only 18 days, the operation came as a real coup de force.
	www.vor.ru /English/Footprints/excl_next893_eng.html (739 words)

	Worldandnation: Doctor who did first heart transplant dies
		Barnard stunned the world on Dec. 3, 1967, when he transplanted the heart of a young woman who had died in an automobile accident into Louis Washkansky, a 53-year-old businessman whose heart was failing rapidly.
		Washkansky lived only 18 days before his body rejected the heart.
		Immediately after Washkansky's transplant, the surgeon's face was on the cover of news magazines around the world, and he was flying first class to the United States to appear on television news shows.
	www.sptimes.com /News/090301/news_pf/Worldandnation/Doctor_who_did_first_.shtml (734 words)

	A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: Christiaan Barnard
		Washkansky could either wait for certain death or risk transplant surgery with an 80 percent chance of surviving.
		In a five-hour operation on December 3, Barnard successfully replaced Washkansky's diseased heart with the healthy heart.
		Washkansky lived for only 18 days more, dying of double pneumonia as a result of his suppressed immune system.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bmbarn.html (620 words)

	Cape Town Accommodation Travel Guide - South Africa Tourism - South Africa - History of the Country - Christiaan Barnard
		The first heart transplant patient was Louis Washkansky.
		Louis Washkansky’s heart was weak and Barnard transplanted this heart with that of Denise Ann Darvall who had died at the age of 25 years.
		This reaction resulted in the lung infection and thus Washkansky’s death.
	www.kapstadt.org /en/south_africa/history/christiaan_barnard (641 words)

	Celebrity Surgeon: Christiaan Barnard — A Life, Chapter 1 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It took on its new workload, pumping Washkansky’s blood where before it had pumped the blood of a young woman.
		Washkansky had opened his eyes, and had been moved back to his room, still attached to a ventilator.
		She had been at home and had stayed up all night waiting for news from the hospital, ever since being told that a donor had been found.
	www.chrislogan.net /chapter1.html (1237 words)

	Dr. Christiaan Barnard Biography (Surgeon) — FactMonster.com
		Dr. Christiaan Barnard performed the world's first human heart transplant on 3 December 1967.
		The patient, 53-year-old dentist Louis Washkansky, was given the heart of a 25-year-old auto crash victim named Denise Darvall.
		Washkansky died from infection 18 days later, but the transplant made Barnard one of the world's most famous surgeons.
	www.factmonster.com /biography/var/christiaanbarnard.html (244 words)

	Turtle Essays, Groote Schuur Hospital, Heart Transplants
		The pictures of Louis Washkansky the patient and Denise Darvall the donor together with her mother are there for all to see.
		Through the window about 15 metres away is the operating table on which Louis Washkansky lay waiting for his new heart.
		The operation was successful and Louis Washkansky lived for 18 days before dying of pneumonia.
	www.turtlesa.com /Hearttransplant.html (874 words)

	3 December 1967 - Dr Chris Barnard performs the world’s first double heart transplant
		The first successful heart transplant from one human to another human in the world was made in the Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town.
		Professor Christiaan Neethling Barnard and his medical team operated successfully on Mr Louis Washkansky on 3 December 1967.
		Louis Washkansky was given the heart of a young woman who died in a car accident.
	www.sahistory.org.za /pages/chronology/thisday/1967-12-03.htm (786 words)

	Amazon.com: "Louis Washkansky": Key Phrase page
		It sometimes felt as if he had even less time to make history than poor Louis Washkansky, a bloated and breathless wreck of a man, had days to live.
		As early as 1967, when surgeon Christiaan Barnard transplanted Denise Darvall's heart into a dying patient named Louis Washkansky (discussed in Chapter 11), the question arose whether Denise Darvall had really been dead before her heart was removed.
		The encounters of Louis Washkansky and Philip Blaibergthe first and second persons...
	amazon.com /phrase/Louis-Washkansky (348 words)

	timelinescience - transplanting hearts - resources
		Yet this is what happened in 1967, when Dr Christian Barnard in Cape Town, South Africa, carried out the first ever successful human heart transplant.
		The patient, a middle aged man called Louis Washkansky, was given the heart of a young 23 year old woman who died in a car accident.
		Louis lived for 18 days with his new heat beating in his chest before dying of a lung infection.
	www.timelinescience.org /resource/students/tplant/heart.htm (249 words)

	African Technology Development Forum - Where was the world’s first heart transplant performed? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Although the patient, Mr Louis Washkansky, only lived for 18 days, his new heart beat strongly to the end.
		Barnard was born in South Africa in 1922 and went to study medicine at the University of Cape Town.
		In November, Prof Schrire told Barnard about Louis Washkansky who was suffering from a gross heart failure and had a short time to live.
	www.atdforum.org /article.php3?id_article=60 (386 words)

	USNews.com: America's Best Hospitals
		Barnard's breakthrough of nearly 30 years ago has been perfected to the point that more than 150 American hospitals now perform heart transplants routinely.
		Washkansky lived for 18 days with his borrowed heart.
		Nowadays heart-transplant recipients have nearly an 80 percent chance of living at least two years, and many live a decade or more.
	www.usnews.com /usnews/health/articles/960812/archive_034386.htm (880 words)

	Transplant Week -- Your Online Transplant Newsletter
		In December 1967, Barnard made medical history by performing the world's first human heart transplant on Louis Washkansky, who lived for 18 days before dying.
		Cause of Washkansky's death was pneumonia as a result of the use of drugs and radiation to prevent organ rejection.
		After Washkansky died, Barnard and his team tried again.
	www.transplantweek.org /members/vol2/news/013601.htm (417 words)

	BBC News \| HEALTH \| Christiaan Barnard: Single-minded surgeon (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Then his patient Louis Washkansky, chose to undergo pioneering surgery, even though the odds against success were slim.
		On December 3, Barnard led a 30-man medical team in transferring the heart of a 25-year-old motor victim into Washkansky's body, and medical history was made.
		This very sick man died from a lung infection 18 days later, and the prospects for heart transplant patients did not improve for a few years.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/health/1470356.stm (648 words)

	Barnard, Louis, â , nie, gÃ¤be, Welt Louis Washkansky
		Barnard, Louis, â , nie, gÃ¤be, Welt Louis Washkansky
		Wenn Dich ein LÃ¶we in einen Fluss voller Krokodile jagt, springst Du in das Wasser in der Hoffnung, auf die andere Seite schwimmen zu kÃ¶nnen.
		Die Operation war insofern erfolgreich, dass Washkansky sie Ã¼berlebte, jedoch nur um 18 Tage.
	www.dbilink.de /Louis-Washkansky.html (164 words)

	Louis Washkansky (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Of Lithuanian Jewish extraction, Louis Washkansky came to South Africa aged 9, and became a grocer in Cape Town’s Greenpoint area.
		Washkansky saw active service in WW2 in East and North Africa and Italy.
		His wife Ann, he met and married after the war.
	www.sahistory.org.za /pages/people/Louis-w.htm (221 words)

	Organ Transplants Without Life on Medication
		But a promising new procedure could eliminate the need for lifelong medication.
		South Africa's Louis Washkansky was the world's first heart transplant patient.
		He died of pneumonia 18 days after his operation in December 1967, because drugs used to prevent organ rejection also suppressed his body's ability to fight infection.
	www.voanews.com /english/2006-08-01-voa31.cfm (397 words)

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