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	Louis XVIII of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Louis XVIII (17 November 1755 - 16 September 1824) was King of France and Navarre from 1814 (although he declared that he considered his reign to have begun in 1795) until his death in 1824, with a brief break in 1815 due to Napoleon's return in the Hundred Days.
		Louis-Stanislas-Xavier was born on 18 November 1755 in the Palace of Versailles, Versailles, France, the fourth son of Louis, dauphin de France and Marie-Josèphe of Saxony, and grandson of Louis XV of France and his Queen consort Maria Leszczyńska.
		Louis XVIII died on 16 September 1824, and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Louis_XVIII (954 words)

	Louis XVII of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Louis XVII of France (March 27, 1785 – June 8, 1795), from birth to 1789 known as Louis-Charles, Duke of Normandy; then from 1789 to 1791 as Louis-Charles, Dauphin of Viennois; and from 1791 to 1793 as Louis-Charles, Prince Royal of France, was the son of King Louis XVI of France and Marie Antoinette.
		As the eldest living son of King Louis XVI, he was proclaimed King of France on January 28, 1793 by his uncle, Monsieur Louis-Stanislas-Xavier, the Comte de Provence, in a declaration issued from exile in the city of Hamm, near Dortmund, Westphalia.
		At the time, the declaration was without authority, as France was a republic; however, when France and the other European powers later accepted Louis-Stanislas-Xavier as King Louis XVIII of France, his numbering tacitly recognized Louis XVII's right to the throne.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Louis_XVII_of_France (887 words)

	Louis XVII - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The son and Dauphin (heir) of King Louis XVI, eight-year-old Louis XVII was recognized as...
		Louis XIII (1601-1643), king of France (1610-1643), son of Henry IV, first of the Bourbon kings of France, and his wife Marie de Médicis, born in...
		Louis XIV (1638-1715), king of France (1643-1715), known as the Sun King.
	encarta.msn.com /Louis_XVII.html (141 words)

	Fondation de Bourbon \| Clarifying History Using Modern Science
		Louis XVI is beheaded on the guillotine in Paris after his cousin Louis Philippe (of the Orleans branch) casts the deciding vote.
		Louis XVII, now 8 years, is taken from his mother and boarded in the Temple with the family Simon.
		Charles dies in Delft, Holland, he is buried as Louis XVII with the knowledge of the King and his ministers and his grave is still often visited.
	www.freewebs.com /fondation/history.htm (832 words)

	Louis XVII
		Louis XVII, titular king of France, second son of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, was born at Versailles on the 27th of March 1785, was christened the same day Louis Charles, and given the title of duke of Normandy.
		Louis Charles became dauphin on the death of his elder brother on the 4th of June 1789.
		Louis Charles was then separated from his mother and aunt to be put in his father's charge, except for a few hours daily, but was restored to the women when Louis was isolated from his family at the beginning of his trial in December.
	www.nndb.com /people/974/000097683 (1840 words)

	Louis XVII To Have Royal Burial, 209 Years Late
		The ministry approved the symbolic burial after geneticists who had compared the DNA of different members of the royal family decided in 2000 that it was indeed Louis who had died in prison in 1795.
		The then dauphin, or heir to the throne, was seven when he was jailed in 1792 along with the rest of the royal family in the turbulent period after the French Revolution, and died of tuberculosis in 1795.
		Because of lingering uncertainty Louis' heart, stone-hard and held in an urn, was later placed in the chapel near the royal crypt of the Saint Denis Basilica, near Paris, the burial place of his parents and other members of the royal family.
	www.rense.com /general45/louisXVIItohave.htm (350 words)

	Louis VII - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		LOUIS VII [Louis VII] (Louis the Young), c.1120-1180, king of France (1137-80), son and successor of King Louis VI.
		Louis supported Thomas à Becket during his exile from England and joined in the revolt of Henry's sons (1173-74), but won no territory.
		Nicole Kidman is to star as Eleanor of Aquitaine, wife of both Louis VII of France and Henry II of England, in a big-budget Hollywood film of the medieval English court.(Brief Article)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-louis17f1r.html (396 words)

	Telegraph \| News
		The pickled heart of Louis XVII, the youngest son of Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette, will be buried today in the royal crypt at Saint-Denis 209 years to the day after the boy died, aged 10, orphaned and imprisoned by the revolutionaries.
		The heart, encased in a glass egg and in size and appearance resembling a dried mushroom, was on display yesterday in the church of Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois, opposite the Palais du Louvre, and formerly the parish church of the kings of France.
		Louis XVII was born in 1785 and was only four at the time of the revolution.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2004/06/08/wlouis08.xml&sSheet=/news/2004/06/08/ixworld.html (549 words)

	King Louis XVII!LOLO!!1II - Uncyclopedia
		As a young child, Louis was moderately obese.
		Unfortunately, due to his fathers policy of "Peace through Poverty," the villagers were extremely hungry and this led them to not only attack Louis and his pony, but eat the pony in a feast.
		Louis is perhaps best known for his later career as a gypsy, in which he was later cursed by the gypsy order as he failed to hold one of the required names.
	uncyclopedia.org /wiki/King_Louis_XVII!LOLO!!1II (207 words)

	AllRefer.com - Louis XVII, titular king of France (French History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Louis XVII (Louis Charles), 1785–1795?, titular king of France (1793–95), known in popular legend as the "lost dauphin." The second son of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette, he became dauphin at the death (1789) of his elder brother.
		In 2000 geneticists announced that they had compared DNA from the dead boy's preserved heart with DNA from members of the royal family and proved conclusively that the child who died in prison was indeed the dauphin.
		For the life of Louis XVII and discussion of the claims of various pretenders see study by H. Francq (tr.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/Louis17Fr.html (339 words)

	First empire - Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Louis XVIII travelled all over Europe before being able to come to the throne; when he reentered France he found a new country, a new nobility, a new administrative organization and policy.
		The Senate unseated Napoleon, Louis XVII was enthroned.
		Louis XVIII chose the second solution, most of those faithful to Napoleon, Fouche one of them, kept their positions.
	www.histofig.com /history/empire/personnes/france_louis18_en.html (994 words)

	Louis XVII - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		LOUIS XVII [Louis XVII] (Louis Charles), 1785-1795?, titular king of France (1793-95), known in popular legend as the "lost dauphin." The second son of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette, he became dauphin at the death (1789) of his elder brother.
		Bibliography: For the life of Louis XVII and discussion of the claims of various pretenders see study by H. Francq (tr.
		The heart of Louis XVII, the son of Marie-Antoinette and Louis XVI who died in prison in 1795, has been laid to test in the crypt of Saint-Denis Basilica.(News)(Brief Article)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/L/Louis17Fr.asp (429 words)

	boys clothing: French royalty -- Louis XVIII
		Louis was born at Versailles in 1755, the son of the Dauphin Louis, a grandson of Louis XV and a younger brother of Louis XVI.
		Luuis' father was the Dauphin (crown prince) Louis de France (1729-65), the eldest son of Louis XIV (1710-) and Maria of Poland Leczinska (1703-).
		As Louis XVI's only surviving son, Louis XVII, died during the Revolution, Louis XVIII was made king after the defeat of Napoleon in 1814.
	histclo.com /royal/fra/royal-frbl18.htm (1010 words)

	LouisXVIIITxt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Louis XVIII was born in 1755 and died in 1824.
		He was recognized as King by the émigrés after the death of Louis XVII.
		This trend continued and was intensified during the reign of his brother Charles X. Although Louis XVIII achieved some positive things in his reign, he was ultimately influenced by the powerful Ultras, they were extreme royalists.
	gallery.sjsu.edu /paris/politics/LouisXVIII00.htm (223 words)

	boys clothing: French royalty--Louis XVII
		As the second son of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, he became dauphin (heir to the throne) on the death of his older brother, Louis-Joseph, in June 1789--shortly after the outbreak of the Revolution.
		Louis-Charles was the second son of Louis XVI and Marie Antonitte.
		With the abolition of the Monarchy in 1792, Louis Charles was imprisoned with the rest of the royal family at the Temple in Paris.
	histclo.com /royal/fra/royal-frbl17.htm (1941 words)

	Movers: Enlightenment (Mid 1600s - Late 1700s) By Miles Hodges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In the end, Louis understood the nature of the crisis growing up in France--exclaiming: "after me, the deluge." He suspected that some kind of horrible accounting for the French monarchy was fast moving in on the French political scene.
		Louis was the second son of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, given the title of Duke of Normandy.
		When his father was executed in January of 1793 Louis, not quite seven, became (in the eyes of the royalists) the Bourbon claimant to the French throne as Louis XVII--not a position to be particularly envied in revolutionary France.
	www.newgenevacenter.org /movers/enlightenment2.htm (2503 words)

	USATODAY.com - DNA evidence leads to royal funeral for French relic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Louis XVII lost his parents to the guillotine in 1793.
		When Louis XVII died of tuberculosis in 1795, rumors circulated that the royal heir had been smuggled to safety, and a commoner had died in his place.
		While Louis XVII's story reached its epilogue Tuesday, one scientist who probed the heart for DNA spoke of plans to investigate another historical figure.
	www.usatoday.com /tech/news/2004-06-08-louis17-heart-dna_x.htm (799 words)

	The French Revolution \| Louis XVII \| Robespierre
		Meanwhile Louis and Marie Antoinette were holed up at Versailles with Louis XVII --- affectionately called Dauphin ("Daffy") --- and Marie Thérèse.
		The Assembly then ordered Louis and family back to Paris, and since the revolutionary urban renewal project had destroyed the Bastille, the royal family was forced to go back to the Toolshed.
		Louis said that he "would rather die" than eat with a bunch of raincoaters, so they gave him a tumbrel ride to the Place de la Révolution, where a new machine invented by Dr. Guillotin whittled him down to size --- roughly 4'11".
	www.ralphmag.org /CG/french-revolution.html (1338 words)

	[No title]
		The aim was to compare the DNA of the heart with that of the maternal relatives of Louis XVII.
		two aunts of Louis XVII (Johanna Gabriela and Mada-Josepha), his mother, Marie-Antoinette, and two living maternal relatives (Queen Anna of Romania and her brother André) (Figure 2), were obtained in the Naundorff study.
		For the other maternal relatives of Louis XVII there is also a match when HVR1 is considered (for HVR2 no result was obtained in the hair samples of Johanna-Gabriela, Maria-Josepha and Marie Antoinette) (Table 2).
	www.chez.com /louis17/english.htm (1636 words)

	DNA Test Solves Mystery of French Child King
		Reports however quickly spread that the body was not that of Louis XVII and that he had been spirited away alive by sympathisers with another child's body left in his place.
		Prince Louis de Bourbon, Duke of Anjou, a 26-year-old blue-blood and the closest living relative to Louis-Charles, flew in from Spain for the announcement.
		After Louis XVI and his queen were guillotined, the new king and his older sister, Marie-Therese, were confined to the dungeon of the Temple prison in Paris.
	richlabonte.net /exonews/xtra3/lost_king.htm (3349 words)

	Masterpiece Theatre \| The Lost Prince \| The Insider! Lost Royals! \| The Mystery of Louis XVII!
		During the French Revolution, Louis XVI and his wife, Marie Antoinette, died at the guillotine.
		The uncrowned King of France, Louis XVII was imprisoned with his sister and mother until July 3, 1793, when guards removed the eight-year-old Louis in the dead of night.
		Tests confirmed that the owner of the heart and the queen shared DNA, but scientists could not establish that the heart belonged to Louis VII or that the heart's owner and Marie Antoinette were mother and son.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/masterpiece/lostprince/insider_louis.html (387 words)

	Rechtsmedizin Münster: Aktuell Press conference 'LOUISXVII'
		In 1845, one man, Karl Wilhelm Naundorff, was burried in the Netherlands, and the epitaph on his tombstone reads: `Here lies Louis XVII, King of France.' In 1998, the Center for Human Genetics, together with the laboratory of Nantes, showed that the remains of Naundorff could not be identified as those of Louis XVII.
		two aunts of Louis XVII (Johanna-Gabriela and Maria-Josepha), his mother, Marie-Antoinette, and two living maternal relatives (Queen Anna of Romania and her brother Andre) (Figure 2), were obtained in the Naundorff study.
		For the other maternal relatives of Louis XVII there is also a match when HVR1 is considered (for HVR2 no result was obtained in the hair samples of Johan na-Gabriela, Maria-Josepha and Marie-Antoinette) (Table 2).
	medweb.uni-muenster.de /institute/remed/aktuell/f_press_confLOUISXVII.html (1621 words)

	Louis XVII - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Louis XVII - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Louis XVII (1785-1795), titular king of France (1793-1795).
		Jolliet, Louis (1645-1700), French-Canadian explorer, who led an expedition to explore the upper Mississippi River with Jesuit missionary...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Louis_XVII.html (119 words)

	Pickled heart of Louis XVII can finally be laid to rest - www.theage.com.au
		The announcement ended a long and often bitter debate about whether the heart was that of Louis XVII, who was thought to have died of tuberculosis on June 8, 1795, after spending three years in a windowless room in Paris's Temple prison.
		In a report to the minister, one leading historian, Jean Tulard, declared: "This heart is undoubtedly that of a Hapsburg, and almost certainly that of Louis XVII.
		Louis, the younger son of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, was imprisoned with his parents in 1792 in the aftermath of the 1789 revolution.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2003/12/08/1070732141359.html (361 words)

	HistoryWiz: The Mystery of Louis XVII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		It is the fate of their 10 year old son, Louis Charles, who disappeared in 1795, that is the mystery.
		As Marie Therese (Louis' sister) later recalled, "they threatened the lives of both him and me, and my mother's maternal tenderness at length forced her to this sacrifice." Louis was imprisoned alone in a small windowless room.
		The official record states that Louis died in the Temple prison at the age of 10 on June 8, 1795 from tuberculosis.
	www.historywiz.com /louisxvii.htm (1553 words)

	The "Lost Dauphin" -- Louis XVII
		The mystery of the lost Dauphin of France began when the French government had transferred the Dauphine Louis XVII to the Temple prison in Paris.
		This announcement should have closed a chapter in the history of the French Revolution but this was not the case, because before Louis XVII died in 1795, a rumor began circulating that contradicted the official story of his death.
		No less than 100 men came forward claiming to be Louis XVII after the monarchy was restored in 1814.
	www.history1700s.com /articles/article1078.shtml (697 words)

	Instrumental Analysis (CEM 333) Resource Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Both Marie-Antoinette and Louis XVI were beheaded in the revolution and their son, the would-be King Louis XVII, was imprisioned.
		French scientists have conducted DNA analyses since December 1999 on the presumed heart of Louis XVII to establish whether or not the uncrowned child-king managed to escape the clutches of the French revolution.
		The DNA fingerprinting was conducted by comparing samples from the heart with samples from locks of hair of Marie-Antoinette, two of her sisters and from two of the sisters' living heirs.
	www.cem.msu.edu /~cem333/LouisXVII.html (256 words)

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