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Topic: Lower Sorbian language

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	Upper and Lower Sorbian language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Sorbian, or Wendisch, is a member of the West Slavic subgroup of Indo-European languges spoken by about 55,000 people in Upper and Lower Lusatia in the German Länder of Saxony and Brandenburg.
		In the mid-19th century, written Upper Sorbian based on the dialect spoken around Bautzen was introduced as the compulsory standard in the Sorbian-speaking area in Upper Lusatia, while written Lower Sorbian based on the Cottbus dialect was introduced as the standard written form in Lower Lusatia.
		Sorbian is taught as a subject in a number of secondary schools and used as a medium of instruction for some subjects.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/sorbian.htm (521 words)

	Lower Sorbian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lower Sorbian (dolnoserbšćina) is a Slavic minority language spoken in eastern Germany in the historical province of Lower Lusatia, today part of Brandenburg.
		Lower Sorbian is spoken in and around the city of Cottbus in Brandenburg.
		The standard character encoding for the Lower Sorbian alphabet is ISO 8859-2 (Latin-2).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lower_Sorbian_language (284 words)

	Sorbian language (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Sorbian language is a member of the West Slavic branch of languages.
		It is similar to Czech, Polish and Slovak, but still it is a completely different language that has kept some of the elements of the old language of the Slavs.
		Sorbian is also spoken in a small Wendish settlement in Lee County, Texas, and until recently newspapers were published in Wendish there.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/s/so/sorbian_language.html (143 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:WEE
		The following is the entry for this language as it appeared in the 14th edition (2000).
		It has been superseded by the corresponding entry in the 15th edition (2005).
		Their own name for the language is 'Dolnoserbski'.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=WEE (88 words)

	Sorbian languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Sorbian languages are classified under the West Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages.
		The area where the two languages are spoken is known as Lusatia (Łužica in Upper Sorbian, Łužyca in Lower Sorbian, or Lausitz in German).
		Sorbian is also spoken in the small Wendish settlement of Serbin in Lee County, Texas, and until recently newspapers were published in Wendish there.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sorbian_languages (278 words)

	Sorbian languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Sorbian and Lusatian languages are members of the West Slavic branch of languages spoken in eastern Germany.
		There are two languages - Upper Sorbian (hornjoserbsce) spoken in Saxony and Lower Sorbian (dolnoserbski) spoken in Brandenburg.
		The city of Bautzen near Dresden is a centre of Upper Sorbian culture.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Sorbian (186 words)

	Lusatia: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Kamenz (sorbian kamjenc) is a lusatian town in eastern saxony, germany, with a population of 18,000, and is the capital of the eponymous district....
		Hoyerswerda (sorbian wojerecy, czech languageczech hojeice; population 50,203) is a town in the german bundesland of saxony....
		Herrnhut (sorbian: ochranow) is a municipality in the district of löbau-zittal, in the state of saxony, germany....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /enc3/lusatia (1367 words)

	Sorbian in Germany
		Regional or minority languages are languages which differ from the official language of the state where they are spoken and which are traditionally used within a given territory by nationals of that state who form a group numerically smaller than the rest of the population.
		Sorbian, or Serbska rêc/Serbska rêc, is a Western Slavonic language, spoken in the region of Lower and Upper Lusatia.
		Nowadays Sorbian is spoken in two main and relatively different dialects: Lower Sorbian/Wendisch in Lower Lusatia (in the area of the former tribe of the Lunsici) and Upper Sorbian in Upper Lusatia (in the area of the former tribe of the Milzane).
	www1.fa.knaw.nl /mercator/regionale_dossiers/regional_dossier_sorbian_in_germany.htm (7520 words)

	Home - Lower Sorbian language (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A minority language is a language spoken by a minority of the population of a country.
		The Sorbian languages (serbšćina) is a language classified under the West Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages.
		Sorbian is the native language of the Sorbian people, a slavic minority in eastern Germany.
	mus.es.infoax.org /en/Lower+Sorbian+language (12079 words)

	Euromosaic - Sorbian in Germany
		Sorbian is spoken in Upper and Lower Lusatia in the German Länder of Saxony and Brandenburg.
		The increase in the German-speaking population caused the number of Sorbian speakers to decline from some 30% to 10% of the total population, resulting in a reduction in the use of the Sorbian language in industrial enterprises and to a decline in the prestige of Sorbian in communication outside the family.
		Until the 10th century, Sorbian was spoken between the Bober and Queiß in the east and the Saale in the west, the Erz and Lusatian mountains in the south and roughly as far as Frankfurt on the Oder, Köpenick and Jüteborg.
	www.uoc.edu /euromosaic/web/document/sorab/an/i1/i1.html (4231 words)

	NSG - About the Sorbs/Wends
		Not even in later times did Sorbian develop into one uniform written language, for it was never an official state language and thus there had never been a compelling reason or necessity for a common means of communication.
		The Sorbian language of today is distinguished not only by the fact that it has two written languages, but also by the fact that there are considerable differences between the dialects which are still spoken.
		Today Sorbian is used not only in everyday speech but also in a number of subjects as they are taught in school, and is used in cultural institutions and organisations, in churches and in certain instances in official communications by State and local authorities.
	www.nsg-cottbus.de /serbstwo/rec.html?lang=en (611 words)

	Areas of work - Sorbian institute Bautzen
		The former Sorbian Ethnological Institute had in addition to a large Historical Department an entirely separate department devoted to the history of literature and, from the 1980s, to culture and art.
		Medium and long-term projects are concentrating on the comparative socio-linguistics of Lower Sorbian in the European context, the lexicology and lexicography of the modern Lower Sorbian literary language as well as the history of Lower Sorbian in the twentieth century.
		This dictionary is based primarily on a machine-readable text corpus of the Lower Sorbian literary language, which is to include in the medium term all texts published since the middle of the 19th century, and it will also be accessible in an interactive version on the Internet.
	www.serbski-institut.de /sisledzxj.html (1623 words)

	Lower Sorbian language: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lower Sorbian (dolnoserbski) is a minority language spoken in eastern Germany[Follow this hyperlink for a summary of this subject] in the historical province of Lower Lusatia Lusatia quick summary:
		The sorbian alphabet is based on the latin alphabet but uses diacritics such as the acute accent and the hacek....
		The romano-serbian language (iso 639-3/sil code: rsb) mixed language of serbian (a slavic language) and romany (an indo-aryan language)....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/lo/lower_sorbian_language.htm (485 words)

	Lower Sorbian - UniLang Wiki
		Lower Sorbian (Dolnoserbski, Niedersorbisch) is spoken by the Lower Sorbian minority in the region of Cottbus (Lower Lusatia, Germany), which usually prefer to be called "Wenden" (German word - Sg.: "Wende, der", Pl.: "Wenden, die") to distinguish themselves from the Upper Sorbs.
		Lower Sorbian is no official language, but is protected by German law as the language of a minority.
		The language is an intrinsic part of their traditions - the Sorbs are mainly known for their traditional clothes they wear at festivals and so on.
	home.unilang.org /wiki3/index.php/Lower_Sorbian (203 words)

	Slovenian language - Wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It is one of the rare Slavic languages that have preserved the dual grammatical number (like the Upper and Lower Sorbian language) and it has a very difficult noun case system.
		Because of a strong germanization[?], the Slovenian language retains a lot of Germanisms[?], which are preserved in a special way for example: German das Polster (pillow (blazina)) in Slovenian colloquial language is spoken poušter and German der Schraubenzieher (screwdriver (izvijač)) in technical colloquial jargon is šrauf'ncigr or šrauf'nciger.
		In the Slovenian language the future tense is made by the verb to be in the future tense plus the past participle of the verb.
	wikipedia.findthelinks.com /sl/Slovene_language.html (1862 words)

	SHII7
		Use of the Sorbian language in private depends, to a large extent, on the Sorbian people themselves, especially on whether the language is passed on to their children.
		Use of the Sorbian language in public is rendered difficult by the fact that the German-Sorbian settlement area is not generally bilingual but that, as a rule, only the Sorbs have a command of both languages.
		Use of German as the language to be used in court and in relations with administrative authorities has not raised any problems between the Danish minority and public authorities so far; yet the organisations of the Danish minority speak up for increased use of their language also in relations with administrative authorities.
	www.humanrights.coe.int /Minorities/Eng/FrameworkConvention/StateReports/2000/germany/Art10.html (2688 words)

	Christian Symmank Homepage (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The apex of Classical Sorbian literature in the 19th century is the national epic "Nawozenja" ("The Bridegroom"), by Jakub Bart-Cisinski.
		The last publication in the Sorbian language is liquidated with the banning of the "Katolski Posol".
		Seven Festivals of Sorbian Culture were on the one hand a factor in the development of Sorbian professional and national culture, while on the other hand the ruling SED party used them to demonstrate their "successful nationalities policy" and the Sorbs' allegiance to the GDR.
	www.symmank.de /eng/sorbstimetable.htm (1285 words)

	ENSEMBLE - team
		Between 1998 and 2002 she acted as Coordinator of a teacher education programme in Lower Sorbian at the University of Potsdam, in the Department of Slavic Languages.
		Her main fields of research are: minorities in Europe, language planning and bilingual education, the Sorbs as a Slavic minority in Germany and Lower Sorbian language development.
		Recently she wrote a framework for Lower Sorbian school development and especially Lower Sorbian bilingual education in Brandenburg: "Konzeption zur pädagogisch-organisatorischen Struktur und zu schulischen Vermittlungsformen der Arbeitssprache Sorbisch/Wendisch in der Niederlausitz ab der Primarstufe".
	www.ecml.at /mtp2/ENSEMBLE/html/Ensemble_E_team.htm (652 words)

	Projekat Rastko - Luzica / Project Rastko - Lusatia
		Sorbs and Germans are particularly dedicated to preserving Sorbian national culture in the genres of music, dance, literature and the fine arts, and Sorbian and German amateur artists have worked closely together to develop this culture.
		The results of these efforts are outstanding achievements such as the competition organised each year by the Institute for Sorbian National Culture for the most beautiful Sorbian Easter egg, or the diverse range of works by individual artists in the field of national art, which bear comparison with the works of professional artists.
		An important vehicle for preserving Sorbian national culture for subsequent generations is provided by the festival of Sorbian children's theatre and young reciters and the festival of Sorbian children's songs and Sorbian music, which are traditionally organised by the Institute for Sorbian National Culture each year on an alternating basis.
	www.rastko.org.yu /rastko-lu/istorija/historie.htm (2756 words)

	SORBIAN CULTURAL INFORMATION
		The Lower Sorbian word for 'a Sorb' is Serb (as in Upper Sorbian), but the Lower Sorbs (Dolne Serby) often prefer in German to be called Wenden, rather than Sorben.
		For example, the Domowina of Lower Lusatia, founded in September 1946 in the village of Werben (Sorbian Wjerbno) in the Spree Forest, was soon disbanded by the authorities and permitted again only in 1949.
		To this day most Sorbs here are illiterate in their own language, unless they learn it in the Lower Sorbian high school, where they can begin it only in the 7th class.
	ski.sorben.com /site/docs/english/guidegb5.htm (650 words)

	Wikinfo \| Sorbian language
		In Germany it is officially recognized and protected as minority language.
		There are two important dialects which are sometimes described as separate languages, Upper Sorbian and Lower Sorbian.
		Images, some of which are used under the doctrine of Fair use or used with permission, may not be available.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Sorbian_language (218 words)

	SORBIAN CULTURAL INFORMATION
		In the middle of the 17th century a step-by-step plan was approved to abolish the Lower Sorbian language by order of Duke Christian I. In the following centuries this plan was executed with Prussian severity and persistence.
		In 1728 priests in Lower Lusatia were instructed that no child was to participate in communion without sufficient knowledge of the German language.
		In the 17th and 18th century alone, nearly 300 Sorbian villages in Lower Lusatia were lost due to the politics of Germanization.
	ski.sorben.com /site/docs/english/nalogigb.htm (1110 words)

	Canadian Slavonic Papers: Dolnoserbsko-nimski slownik/niedersorbischdeutsches Worterbuch (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It is ironic that Lower Sorbian, with its dwindling number of speakers, gets a new Sorbian-German dictionary earlier than Upper Sorbian which, while enjoying vigorous language maintenance, last saw the publication of a major Sorbian-German dictionary in 1954 (the outdated Jakubas").
		After the monumental three-volume Lower Sorbian-German dictionary by Amost Muka (=Ernst Mucke) appeared between 1911 and 1928, in St. Petersburg/Prague, there were just two publications available to the interested scholar of the post-World War II period: Deutsch-niedersorbisches Taschenworterbuch (Bautzen, 1953) and Bogumil Swjela's Dolnoserbsko-nimski stownik (Bautzen, 1963).
		After a long interval the lexicon of Lower Sorbian was gathered in two dictionaries aimed at learners in schools: Manfred Starosta's Dolnoserbsko-nemski stownik/Niedersorbisch-deutsches Worterbuch (Bautzen /Budysin, 1985) and Klaus-Peter Jannasch's [=Pits Jaral] Deutsch-niedersorbisches Worterbuch/Nemsko-dolnoserbski slownik (Bautzen/ Budy"sin, 1990), each with 16,000 and 19,000 entries, respectively.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3763/is_200009/ai_n8903596 (324 words)

	Projekat Rastko - Luzica / Project Rastko - Lusatia
		The continuous destruction of Sorbian inhabited territory, which is supposed to be protected in the respective Constitutional Acts of Saxony and Brandenburg, yet which in reality goes unprotected, ludicrously with the official sanction of the government, as is the case with the Government of Brandenburg.
		The notorious cuts by the Federal Government in funding provided for the Sorbian people, upon which the entire Sorbian educational and cultural institutions are reliant and without which the survival of these vital institutions is lost, thereby ensure the loss of the entire Sorbian culture.
		In light of the escalating situation regarding the Sorbian school in Chroscicy (Crostwitz) a general strike of all Sorbian schools is announced for Friday Aug. 31.
	www.rastko.org.yu /rastko-lu/istorija/savremena/schools2001.html (829 words)

	Learn Lower Sorbian, Lower Sorbian Windows, Lower Sorbian Office, Lower Sorbian Software, Lower Sorbian Dictionary, ...
		Sorbian, also known by the names of Wendish and Lusatian, is a Slavic language spoken in Lusatia, the southeastemmost part of East Germany bisected by the River Spree.
		Upper Sorbian, centered in the city of Bautzen to the south (the word "upper" refers to the level rather than the location of the land), is closer to Czech.
		Lower Sorbian, spoken in the vicinity of Cottbus to the north, more closely resembles Polish.
	www.worldlanguage.com /Languages/LowerSorbian.htm (337 words)

	Ten Years After: Germany's Lusatian Sorbs Determined To Survive
		The Lower Lusatian Wends complain that the Lower Sorbian language that they are taught in school does not correspond with the language, they call Wendish, that they speak at home.
		She says they should also try to reach agreement on what should be taught as the standard written language and what elements of the colloquial language should be taught.
		The Sorbian School Association, which Budarjowa headed until recently, has launched an innovative "total immersion" project in which German and Sorbian kindergarten pupils are taught in a combined Sorbian- and German-language environment.
	interconnected.org /notes/2004/11/prague/mirrors/www.rferl.org/nca/special/10years/germany7.html (1009 words)

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