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Topic: Ludendorff

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	Erich Ludendorff
		Ludendorff was a German Army staff-officer from 1904 to 1913 and on the outbreak of the First World War was appointed Chief of Staff in East Prussia.
		Ludendorff supported unrestricted submarine warfare and successfully put pressure on Kaiser Wilhelm II to dismiss those in the armed forces that favoured a negotiated peace settlement.
		Ludendorff gradually became the dominant figure in the Third Supreme Command and after the resignation of Theobald Bethmann Hollweg in July, 1917, took effective political, military and economic control of Germany.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWludendorff.htm (1529 words)

	Ludendorff - MSN Encarta
		Ludendorff, although nominally concerned chiefly with organizational and supply problems, took advantage of every opportunity to inject himself into the planning and direction of combat operations.
		Ludendorff fled to Sweden after the signing of the armistice but returned to Germany in 1919 to propagandize for a war of revenge against the victors.
		From 1924 to 1928, Ludendorff was a member of the Reichstag as a National Socialist, and in 1925 he was an unsuccessful candidate for the presidency of the German Republic.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761554934/Ludendorff_Erich.html (460 words)

	::Erich Luderndorff:: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		During World War One, Ludendorff was a supporter of unrestricted submarine warfare as a justifiable weapon in defeating the enemy - despite the fact that it was almost certainly going to provoke a reaction from America.
		Ludendorff had been responsible for fine-tuning the Schlieffen Plan and as a consequence of this, he was responsible for attacking a series of forts at Liege in Belgium and capturing them.
		Ludendorff effectively became head of all things political, military and economic in the state when the senior political figure in the Third Supreme Command (Bethman Hollweg) resigned - though Hindenburg was very much his superior officer.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /erich_luderndorff.htm (888 words)

	Dynamics of doctrine: the change in German tactical doctrine during the first world war
		Ludendorff's role in overcoming these problems is instructive, for he did not treat the doctrine as Holy Writ, yet he firmly directed and reorganized the German Army so that it would fight in 1917 according to the new doctrine.
		Ludendorff remarked that the new role of the light machine gun as the dominant weapon and the subordinate role of the riflemen (to protect the machine gun), as shown during the defensive battles, was a difficult change for many German soldiers, previously trained in infantry units where the rifleman had the dominant role, to understand.
		Ludendorff began the patriotic training to reverse this decline of morale in the army, for the effects of the blockade and the frustration of the war threatened the ability of the German Army to perform according to the high standards demanded by their tactics.
	cgsc.leavenworth.army.mil /carl/resources/csi/Lupfer/lupfer.asp (19562 words)

	First World War.com - Who's Who - Erich Ludendorff
		A highly militaristic man, Ludendorff held that peace was merely the interval between wars, and that the nation's chief duty was to provide the means with which to conduct war.
		Hindenburg, who relied heavily upon Ludendorff in crafting his victories at Tannenberg (1914) and the Masurian Lakes (1915), later appointed Ludendorff his quartermaster general when he was appointed Chief of Staff of the German Army in late August 1916, replacing Erich Falkenhayn.
		Ludendorff was a supporter of unrestricted submarine warfare, an especially controversial policy with the then-neutral Americans, ultimately responsible for bringing the U.S. into the war.
	www.firstworldwar.com /bio/ludendorff.htm (639 words)

	Ludendorff, Erich (1865-1937)
		Erich Ludendorff was the son of a nobleman from Posen.
		In November 1915 Hindenburg and Ludendorff were placed in command of all the troops at the Eastern Front and after Erich von Falkenhayn was dismissed they were in command of the entire army.
		The grave of Erich Ludendorff at the Neuer Friedhof in Tutzing.
	www.xs4all.nl /~androom/biography/p022110.htm (334 words)

	General Erich v. Ludendorff - biography and Lineol and Elastolin portrait figures
		The overwhelming victory of this Battle changed the whole military situation at the eastern front and was the foundation of the later ceasefire between Germany and Russia.
		Although Ludendorff was was only responsible for organizational and supply problems, he always tried to influence the the planning and direction of combat operations.
		Ludendorff opposed this demand and as a result of it was removed from the German Army.
	www.toy-soldier-gallery.com /Articles/Ludendorff/Ludendorff.html (273 words)

	Ludendorff - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Ludendorff, Erich (1865-1937), Germany's chief strategist during World War I (1914-1918).
		Ludendorff was born near Posen, Prussia (now Poznań,...
		On October 24th Ludendorff published a statement calling Wilson's terms unacceptable.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Ludendorff.html (55 words)

	BBC - History - Erich Ludendorff (1865 - 1937)
		When war broke out in 1914, Ludendorff was made quartermaster general to Von Bulow's Second Army but when the Russians threatened to overrun the German Eighth Army in East Prussia, Ludendorff was appointed their chief of staff, serving under Paul von Hindenburg.
		After the war Ludendorff briefly went into exile in Sweden before emerging to claim that he had been deprived of victory by sinister forces operating behind the scenes.
		Ludendorff participated in the unsuccessful Nazi coup in Munich in 1923, and in 1925 ran for president against Hindenburg, now a bitter enemy.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/historic_figures/ludendorff_erich.shtml (427 words)

	CBS
		Erich von Ludendorff was born near Posen, Germany in 1865.
		Ludendorff was a German Army staff officer from 1904 to 1913 and, on the outbreak of World War I, was appointed Chief of Staff in East Prussia.
		However, it was Ludendorff's tardiness at the "Beer Hall Putsch" in 1923 that arguably doomed Hitler's failed attempt to takeover the government.
	www.cbs.com /specials/rise_of_evil/cast/ludendorf.shtml (143 words)

	Ludendorff, Erich - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A disciple of Schlieffen, he served in World War I as chief of staff to Field Marshal Hindenburg and was largely responsible for German military decisions.
		Several days later he was dismissed by the new government of Maximilian, prince of Baden and fled to Sweden.
		Ludendorff wrote pamphlets accusing the pope, the Jesuits, the Jews, and the Freemasons of a common plot against Aryans.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-ludendor.html (318 words)

	Erich Ludendorff - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Due to his adamacy, Ludendorff was dismissed from the General Staff and demoted to head a Fusiliers division as the army succumbed to outside pressures.
		Ludendorff went quickly with Paul von Hindenburg, who was recalled from retirement, to replace Commander Maximilian von Prittwitz, who had proposed abandoning East Prussia altogether.
		Ludendorff was the chief manager of the German war effort throughout this time, with Hindenburg his pliant front man. Ludendorff, in a huge strategic blunder, advocated unrestricted submarine warfare to break the British blockade, which became an important factor in bringing the United States into the war in April 1917.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Erich_Ludendorff (1866 words)

	Erich Ludendorff (1865 - 1937) - Biography - German Army General during World War 1 and conservative politician in ...
		In World War I Ludendorff was first appointed quartermaster general to Germany's Second Army, under Karl von Bülow, responsible for capturing the forts of Liège, without which the Schlieffen Plan could not succeed.
		Ludendorff was the chief manager of the German war effort throughout this time, with Hindenburg his pliant front man. Ludendorff was a supporter of unrestricted submarine warfare, which was ultimately responsible for bringing the USA into the war.
		Ludendorff eventually returned to Germany in 1920, where as a right-wing politician he took part in Hitler's failed Beer Hall Putsch (1923).
	www.germannotes.com /hist_erich_ludendorff.shtml (551 words)

	Today in German History
		Ludendorff entered the military and by 1908 was serving on the army general staff under General Helmuth von Moltke.
		Ludendorff was a key figure in revising the Schlieffen Plan (a contingency plan for war with France).
		It was on Ludendorff's authority that in 1917 Germany undertook unrestricted submarine warfare against the British.
	www.germanculture.com.ua /april/april9.htm (788 words)

	Leaders and Battles: Tannenberg,
		Ludendorff issued an order to General Francois to initiate the attack on Samsonov's left wing at Usdau on 25 August.
		While Ludendorff was sceptical as to their authenticity, Hindenburg, having heard Hoffmann tell of the personal quarrel between Rennenkampf and Samsonov, was inclined to alter the German Eighth Army's plans accordingly.
		He astonished Ludendorff by telephoning him with notification that he was dispatching a cavalry division and three corps from the west to bolster the Eastern Front.
	www.lbdb.com /TMDisplayBattle.cfm?Bid=377 (1337 words)

	The Great War . Historians . Bernd Huppauf \| PBS
		And Ludendorff, as far as I can see, is indeed the representative of this image of the war – the war that had gotten out of control, had developed its own momentum.
		"Ludendorff contributed to this momentum continuously with no sense as to where to go and when to stop.
		"The war ended only after Ludendorff had once again, in the spring offensive, tried to achieve the mythical breakthrough to put an end to the war by killing yet another large number of soldiers.
	www.pbs.org /greatwar/historian/hist_huppauf_03_blind.html (209 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Ludendorff,
		He fought in the Austro-Prussian War (1866) and in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) and was appointed (1878) to the general staff.
		A Prussian bureaucrat, he succeeded Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg as imperial chancellor and was dominated by the military leaders, particularly Erich Ludendorff.
		A career civil servant, he became minister of the interior (1905) and secretary of state (1907), and in 1909 succeeded Bernhard von Bülow as chancellor.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Ludendorff, (525 words)

	C.4. From Victory to Defeat and Revolution: 1918
		Ludendorff claimed that German democrats and socialists had prevented him and Hindenburg from winning the war.
		Ludendorff wanted the ultimate fight probably more as a suicidal struggle to save the supposed "honor" of the army rather than to avert defeat.
		The hope for final victory through Ludendorff's last campaign in France thus quieted dissatisfaction for a while, but when the military situation got worse in the fall of 1918 the workers showed their war-weariness.
	www.colby.edu /personal/r/rmscheck/GermanyC4.html (3603 words)

	Ludendorff (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ludendorff took the title Quartermaster General and received a promotion to lieutenant general, while Hindenburg, already a field marshal, became chief of the general staff.
		Ludendorff recognized the strategy of the war had become one of attrition.
		Ludendorff had seen tanks, but he belittled their importance and dismissed his soldiers' concerns as a lack of will, a strange lapse in a man who usually incorporated his subordinates' suggestions.
	www.gwpda.org /bio/l/ludendrf.html (1423 words)

	Beer Hall Putsch
		Ludendorff had been leader of the German Army at the end of the First World War.
		He had therefore found Hitler's claim that the war had not been lost by the army but by Jews, Socialists, Communists and the German government, attractive, and was a strong supporter of the Nazi Party.
		Ludendorff agreed to become head of the the German Army in Hitler's government.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /GERbeer.htm (1071 words)

	[No title]
		Ludendorff, meanwhile, clung to a belief that with another blow he could shatter the British armies.
		It was a quiet before a storm, for Ludendorff was determined to persist in his struggle in Flanders to pin the British armies against the Channel.
		Confidence restored, Ludendorff called on his government to reject the terms; but the government was by this time listening to the voices of a disillusioned people, the noise of riots in the streets, and to the threat of Marxist revolution.
	bumblebeemania.com /history/AMH-18.htm (8666 words)

	Channel4.com - The First World War
		Ludendorff, quartermaster general in von Bulow's Second Army in 1914, helped to capture Belgian forts in the Liège area before being sent east to assist in Hindenburg's defence of Prussia.
		Hindenburg and Ludendorff, plus leading industrialists and senior army officers, ran Germany as a military dictatorship during the last two years of the war.
		Hindenburg and Ludendorff can also be jointly blamed for failing to exploit the Russian Revolution more speedily by withdrawing all but a skeleton force from the Eastern front.
	www.channel4.com /history/microsites/F/firstworldwar/biog_eluden.html (356 words)

	German High Command at War - Hindenburg and Ludendorff Conduct World War I - Robert B. Asprey
		The Russian generals made more blunders than Hindenburg and Ludendorff as huge armies fought in difficult terrain such as the Pripet Marshes; Brusilov was perhaps their best general (reference the Brusilov offensive, 1916).
		While commanding on the Eastern Front, Hindenburg and Ludendorff were "Easterners", that is, advocates of concentrating forces against Russia and thereby gaining a knockout victory in the East first, only afterwards concentrating on the Western Front.
		After the German defeat, Ludendorff participated in coup attempts against struggling civilian governments: the Kapp putsch in 1920 and the Hitler putsch (the Beer Hall Putsch) in 1923.
	www.troynovant.com /Franson/Asprey/German-High-Command-at-War.html (1166 words)

	Amazon.com: The German High Command at War: Hindenburg and Ludendorff Conduct World War I: Books: Robert B. Asprey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Focusing on the celebrated partnership between general Erich Ludendorff and field marshal Paul von Hindenburg, Asprey recounts the duo's career from their early triumphs over the Russians at Tannenberg to the defeat of their military dictatorship in 1918.
		Responding to historians who tend to lionize Hindenburg and Ludendorff, this book argues that their exemplary reputations were the result of a self-serving public-relations campaign during and after the war.
		Ludendorff later fled, in disguise, to Sweden, while Hindenburg led his troops home after the 1918 armistice, declaring that the German army had not been beaten but betrayed--the origin of the "stab in the back" concept that became Adolf Hitler's rallying cry.
	www.amazon.com /German-High-Command-War-Hindenburg/dp/0688128424 (2363 words)

	Past Anti-Masons - Erich Ludendorff
		Erich Ludendorff (1865-1937) was Germany's chief strategist during World War I. He led the effort to engage in unrestricted submarine in warfare in 1917, a policy that was largely responsible for the entrance of the United States in the war.
		From 1924 to 1928, Ludendorff was a member of the Reichstag as National Socialist.
		General Erich Ludendorff wrote a booklet against Freemasonry of which more than a hundred thousand copies were sold.
	www.masonicinfo.com /erich.htm (363 words)

	HP
		As Hindenburg's aid, Ludendorff was the genius behind Germany's victories on the eastern front.
		The industrialists of the Weimar Republic bitterly resented the increased power of their workers which collective bargaining and the 40 hour week represented and made a diminution of these workers' gains a condition of their participation in government after 1923.
		The regime only opted for "total war" in 1942 and if armaments czar Albert Speer did a better job than Ludendorff, Groener and Bauer, it was not because he learned from their mistakes.
	www.ham.muohio.edu /~vascikgs/Hindenburg_Program.html (2005 words)

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