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Topic: Ludi Romani

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 1999.04.07
		Ludi publici were central venues of public life, and we have perhaps been too willing to accept this general outline without exploring the possibility that the evolution of the games offers a paradigm for the evolution of the Roman state.
		The ludi Ceriales are separated from the dedication of the temple of Ceres by Postumius in 496, and the earlier Cerialia, to be placed firmly in 220 or 219.
		The ludi plebei are removed from the context of the Licinian/Sextilian reforms of 367 and returned to their traditional date of 220 or 216, as an effort at social reconciliation in the lead up to the Hannibalic war (suggestions that they were a feature of the anti-senatorial politics of Flaminius are firmly rejected on p.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1999/1999-04-07.html (2595 words)

	Ludi Romani -- Not the Olympics: The ancient Romans Knew all about the Greek Olympics, on which the modern Olympics are ...
		According to legend, the Ludi Romani were established by Tarquinius Priscus, Rome's fifth king (616-578 BC), to celebrate one of his local military victories.
		In Tarquin's time, the Ludi were only a one-day event featuring boxers and horse races, but they had grown to ten days late in the Republic and to fifteen days by the time of Julius Caesar.
		The Ludi Romani, in their fully developed form, featured ludi circences, which were chariot races, boxing, and gladiatorial contests, in all the sports venues.
	www.mmdtkw.org /VLudiRomani.html (940 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, page 716 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		LUDI HONORARII are expressly mentioned only by Suetonius (Aug. 32), who states that Augustus devoted thirty days, which had been occupied till that time by ludi honorarii, to the transaction of legal business.
		LUDI MARTIALES were celebrated every year on the first of August, in the Circus, and in honour of Mars, because the temple of Mars had been dedicated on this day.
		LUDI NAT ALITII are the games with which the birth-day of an emperor was generally cele brated.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-dgra/0723.html (1033 words)

	Heather's Roman Theatre Web Site
		Ludi Romani is the oldest and most famous Roman festival.
		Ludi Pleii was established in 220 B.C. and held in November with at least three days devoted to theatrical performance.
		Ludi Megalenses was held in April and initiated in 204 B.C. Six days were devoted to theatrical entertainments.
	www.geocities.com /classic_theatre (2269 words)

	Ludi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ludi normally lasted over a number of days (as did certain feriae like the Saturnalia), with certain days devoted to various games, like chariot races, gladiatorial contests and animal hunts in the amphitheater, dramatic performances, military parades, and street entertainments.
		In general, the ludi were more popular than feriae because of the great variety of state-funded entertainments that were available for all.
		There were a number of regularly scheduled celebrations called ludi throughout the year, dedicated to various gods like Jupiter, Apollo, Ceres, Flora, and Cybele, and some that were given spontaneously to celebrate certain occasions, like a military victory or the birthday of an emperor.
	depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu /classics/dunkle/romnlife/ludi.htm (338 words)

	LUDI: Roman Festivals
		The most important of the festivals was the ludi Romani (Roman Games) held each September (at harvest time) in honor of Jupiter.
		Ludi proliferated from the 3rd C BCE when they were given official sanction and financial support.
		ludi Cereales, yet another spring vegetation, this one in honor of Ceres, the goddess of the fields, was established in 202 BCE with plays added by 190 BCE.
	www.wayneturney.20m.com /ludi.htm (429 words)

	Ludi Romani - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Ludi Romani (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ludi Romani - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Ludi Romani.
		Here you will find more informations about Ludi Romani.
		Ludi Romani was a religious festival in ancient Rome which was dedicated to Jupiter.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Ludi-Romani.html (101 words)

	Cohors Aedilis CAESO FABIUS QUINTILIANUS
		This Ludi will be going on from the 5th to the 19th of September and it is the biggest and most important Ludi in Nova Roma during the whole year.
		The Ludi Romani (The Roman Games), also known as the Ludi Magni (The Great Games) was arguably the major religious festival of the Romans, although it would appear that, as time went on, the religious elements were largely overshadowed by the various competitions.
		For most of the period of the Republic, the Ludi Romani were the responsibility of the Curule Aediles; later Augustus would transfer their organization to the praetor.
	italia.novaroma.org /cohorsaedilis/ludi/romani (1765 words)

	The Pagan Left: 09/06/05
		The Ludi Romani, the great games in honor of Jupiter (Jove) continued this day and were celebrated through to the 19th.
		The Ludi Romani were Roman public games honoring Jupiter Optimus Maximus that were originally celebrated for a triumph.
		The curule aediles were in charge of the Ludi Romani.
	thepaganleft.blogspot.com /2005_09_06_thepaganleft_archive.html (243 words)

	Nova Roma: Ludi
		Originally the ludi started as religious festivals, but over time the entertainment aspect grew to become more important than the religious observances.
		Over the years more ludi were added because of the great popularity with the Roman people.
		The three main types of entertainment venues at the ludi were the circuses, the amphitheatres, and the theatre performances.
	www.novaroma.org /ludi/html/history.html (1450 words)

	CSCP - Date explanation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The last day of the Plebeian games which were among the oldest sets of games in the Roman calendar, second ony to the ludi Romani held in September.
		Where the Roman games were supposed to have been introduced by the early kings of Rome, the ludi plebeii were (in a sense) the games for commoners - although that did not necessarily mean the poor.
		As with the ludi Romani, the games were dedicated to Jupiter, and the central event was the feast of Jupiter, with the god himself invited to join in.
	www.cambridgescp.com /php/date_explanation.php?date_explanation_text=11_17.txt (92 words)

	Ludi Apollinares, roman civilization
		Despite the often complained of July heat, these ludi were popular and on occasion, the site of political protest by ordinary citizens.
		One attraction of these games (as well as the Ludi Romani and Ludi Plebeii) was the mercatus (market or fair) held for six days following the conclusion of the games.
		Because July was the time to harvest barley and beans, farmers who lived outside the city could come to Rome for the ludi, sell their goods at the mercatus and in some years, attend the Test of the Roman Equites held on July 15.
	abacus.bates.edu /~mimber/Rciv/apollinares.htm (533 words)

	Cohors Aedilis M. Iulius Perusianus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		V. Megalesia Ludi are organized by the Cohors Aedilis MIP in collaboration with Senior Curulis Aedilis Gaius Iulius Scaurus and his staff.
		The text of the amendment is redacted by the Project Coordinator and can't be modified by the Aedilis Curulis, who has the choice to either publish it or reject it in its entirety.
		I. According to the Official Calendar of the Nova Roman festivals (http://www.novaroma.org/calendar/september.html), from September 5th to September 19th 2005, the Ludi Romani will be celebrated.
	www.insulaumbra.com /aediles/perusianus/edictae.html (1426 words)

	Ludi Circenses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The most popular ludi were the competitions that originally took place in the Circus Maximus, i.e., chariot races, gladiatorial contests, and animal hunts.
		Chariot races were a main feature of the Ludi Romani (along with military parades), but were also part of the other ludi.
		Roman not only loved the tremendous excitement of these dangerous high speed races, but they were also fanatical about their support of the various racing factions that derived their names from the colors worn by their charioteers: the red, green, blue, and white.
	depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu /classics/dunkle/romnlife/ludicirc.htm (261 words)

	Constantine and the Encaenia
		The 18th to the 22nd September are marked as the Ludi Triumphales, celebrating Constantine's victory over Licinius at Chalcedon.
		However, since the Ludi Romani were already celebrated from 13 to 18 September, the first day of the Ludi Triumphales is pushed back to the last day of the Ludi Romani.
		10 Thus, the Encaenia in 335 occurred on the first day of the Ludi Romani and what should have been the first day of the Ludi Triumphales.
	users.ox.ac.uk /~mikef/pubs/Studia_Patristica_39_Fraser.html (1554 words)

	Articles - Circus Maximus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Situated in the valley between the Aventine and Palatine hills the location was first utilised for public games and entertainment by the Etruscan kings of Rome.
		Certainly, the first games of the Ludi Romani (Roman Games) were staged on the location by Tarquinius Priscus, the first Etruscan ruler of Rome.
		Excavation of the site began in the 19th century, followed by a partial restoration, but there are yet to be any truly comprehensive excavations conducted within its grounds.
	www.wathcesa.com /articles/Circus_Maximus (444 words)

	Romani language resources
		Romani is spoken on a daily basis in: Czech Republic, Macedonia, Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia
		A group of Romani prisoners, awaiting instructions from their German captors, sit in an open area near the fence in the Belzec concentration camp.
		PARRY ROMANI DECONCINI and SYMMS, ABBOTT LABORATORIES, 30792-12.
	www.mongabay.com /indigenous_ethnicities/languages/languages/Romani.html (2078 words)

	September
		“It is the greatest consequence to the grape that it is gathered while the moon is on the increase” (Pliny N. 8 VI Idus Sept C: Ludi Romani.
		9 V Idus Sept C: Ludi Romani Asclepigenia celebrating the birth of Asculapis.
		11 III Idus Sept C: Ludi Romani “Half of Arcturus is visible, a portent of boisterous weather on land and sea for five days” (Pliny 18.74).
	www.religioromana.net /calendar/calendar-september.htm (1190 words)

	The Ludi Saeculares (May-June, 17 B.C.). (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		(133) Ludi ut pridie facti sunt [ – - – ]
		Ludos, quos honorarios dierum VII adiecimus ludis sollemnibus, committimus nonis Iun.
		nonis Iun ludi sunt com[missi – - – Latini in]
	ancientrome.ru /ius/library/ludisaec/ludisaec.htm (1219 words)

	Fladens Historie - Danish Naval History : Videnskab : Humaniora : Sprog og lingvistik : Romani (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)*
		The Patrin Web Journal: Romani Culture and History W elcome to Patrin, dedicated to Romani (Gypsy) culture and history and to...
		Romani Discography This is just the list of recordings we have been able to collect from commercial vendors, which thus should be...
		Romani A Project by Students of Roman History The University of South Dakota Fall 1996 As a research project in Roman history, each student selected a province of the Roman Empire and learned all he or...
	www.history.1krakow.com /Videnskab/Humaniora/Sprog_og_lingvistik/Romani (382 words)

	Roman Calendar - September (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This is one of the dies comitiales (C), when committees of citizens could vote on political or criminal matters.
		This is the only day of the month in which sacrificing and feasting would occur in public.
		The underworld deities were a different matter, and were fond of causing mischief, but could be placated with appropriate sacrifices.
	www.personal.psu.edu /users/w/x/wxk116/RomanCalendar/sep11.htm (627 words)

	ludi publici -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		More results on "ludi publici" when you join.
		Oldest and most famous were the Ludi Romani, or Magni,...
		Although originally performed at the Ludi Romani (for which Livius Andronicus wrote the first Latin tragedy and the first Latin comedy in 240 BC), the ludi scaenici became the...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9049268?tocId=9049268 (416 words)

	Aedile
		So it is possible that the first aediles were market superintendents, and as representatives of the merchants did not belong to the aristocracy, whence they had to side with the Plebs in the conflict of the orders.
		However this may be, the aediles were recognized by the Senate as official magistrates after the reforms of the 360's, which found their expression in the Lex Furia de aedilibus.
		The plebeian and curulian aediles were elected by the Comitia tributa, an assembly of the people that was divided into voting districts.
	www.livius.org /ad-af/aedile/aedile.html (444 words)

	roman history, roman civilization
		Beginning on the Nones of September and continuing for two weeks (September 5-19), Romans celebrated games they called either "Roman" or "Great." These were the oldest and most magnificent of the Roman games.
		In another competition, the rider rode a team of two horses, leaping from one to the other at the end of each lap.
		The Circus Maximus sat 150,000 and it was always full (perhaps in part because at all the other Roman amphitheaters - and the temporary theatres erected for the ludi scaenica men and women had separate seating sections).
	abacus.bates.edu /~mimber/Rciv/ludi.htm (824 words)

	How Comedy Was Produced
		1) The ludi Romani - in honor of Iuppiter Optimus Maximus, this festival was given in September by the curule aediles.
		At least three days of this festival were for ludi scaenici.
		This festival was given under the direction of the curule aediles.
	faculty.vassar.edu /jolott/old_courses/republic1998/plautus/comedy.html (1124 words)

	Archive--Ludi Romani
		Yet, students in the classics program, which is offered through the history department at USU, willingly, no, enthusiastically chose to take part in just such a scenario Wednesday night at the "Ludi Romani," which means Roman Games in Latin.
		The games have been played annually for about the last ten years, said Frances Titchener, a professor in the history department who learned of the idea from one of her students and brought it to USU.
		Titchener said the written, verbal and research skills which students develop in the study of classics are valuable, and useful in any number of professions She said former USU classics students were currently studying medicine, law, divinity and business, among other things.
	www.hardnewscafe.usu.edu /archive/april2002/0412_roman.html (682 words)

	The Ludi Saeculares of 17 B.C.
		populi R[omani Quiritium salvam servetis, uti sitis] volentes pr[opitiae populo Romano]
		(133) Ludi ut pridie facti sunt [ - - - ]
		nonis Iun ludi sunt com[missi - - - Latini in]
	www.csun.edu /~hcfll004/ludisaec.html (942 words)

	ludi scaenici -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		(Latin: “stage games”), in ancient Rome, theatrical performances associated with the celebration of public games (ludi publici), in which Greek dramatic forms were first used by the Romans.
		Although originally performed at the Ludi Romani (for which Livius Andronicus wrote the first Latin tragedy and the first Latin comedy in 240
		More results on "ludi scaenici" when you join.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9049269 (441 words)

	Fiji Mission to the United Nations :: Home
		September was known as a time of relaxation, with the harvest in and less work to do, and was the time for the Ludi Romani, the “Roman Games,” to honor the god Jupiter.
		The Ludi Romani is still an active festival in Rome today (but without the blood).
		September may be a time of games for the ancient Romans but it was certainly not the case for the Fiji Mission United Nations in New York.
	www.fijiprun.org (418 words)

	September
		Day 1 of the Ludi Romani, the Games of the Romans, with plays at the theaters.
		Day 12 of the Ludi Romani, chariot races at the Circus.
		Day 13 of the Ludi Romani, chariot races at the Circus.
	www.antonineimperium.org /september.htm (305 words)

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