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Topic: Ludwig Erhard

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	Ludwig Erhard Summary
		Ludwig Erhard was born in the northern Bavarian city of Fürth on Feb. 4, 1897.
		Erhard's economic views were summarized in his advocacy of a "social market economy," which one author has called a "free economy with a social conscience." Erhard wished to use private initiative to rebuild the shattered German economy but to check it when it tended toward monopoly, cartelization, or extreme labor union demands.
		Ludwig Erhard (February 4, 1897–May 5, 1977) was a German politician (CDU) and Chancellor of West Germany from 1963 until 1966.
	www.bookrags.com /Ludwig_Erhard (2210 words)

	Ludwig Erhard - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ludwig Erhard (February 4, 1897–May 5, 1977) was a German politician (CDU) and Chancellor of Germany from 1963 until 1966.
		Born in Fürth, Germany, from 1913 to 1916 Erhard was a commercial apprentice.
		The Ludwig Erhard Berufsschule (professional college) in Paderborn and Münster are named in his honour.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ludwig_Erhard (917 words)

	Commanding Heights : Ludwig Erhard \| on PBS
		Under the Nazi regime Erhard maintained a low profile, continuing his work in the consumer sector, but in 1944 he wrote a memo on war financing and debt consolidation which began with the assumption that Germany would lose the war.
		From that point forward, Erhard was seen as a reliable participant in the postwar effort to rebuild a democratic Germany.
		In 1963 Erhard himself became chancellor, but in 1966 his own Cabinet opposed his proposed economic reforms to cope with a budget deficit and recession, and he resigned.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/commandingheights/shared/minitextlo/prof_ludwigerhard.html (549 words)

	Ludwig Erhard: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The term social market economy was coined by the national economist Alfred Müller-Armack, one of Ludwig Erhards close associates who served as Secretary of State at the Economics Ministry in Bonn from 1958-63.
		Erhard came from a modest background, so he knew what he was talking about.
		Despite criticism of his style of government, Professor Ludwig Erhard was unchallenged in winning the 1965 Federal Election for the CDU/CSU, and reiterating his revulsion of egoism and materialism.
	www.germanembassy-india.org /news/march97/erhard.htm (732 words)

	ERHARD, Ludwig
		Ludwig Erhard participated in World War I as artillery soldier and was seriously wounded in 1918.
		However, Erhard's decision to raise taxes in response to a slight recession in the summer of 1966 led to a disagreement with the four FDP cabinet members, who resigned their offices in October 1966.
		Erhard kept his parliamentary seat as a CDU/CSU representative and twice served as president by age of the Bundestag (13 Dec 1972 and 14 Dec 1976).
	www.archontology.org /nations/german/germ_govt2/erhard.php (718 words)

	Origins of the German 'Economic Miracle' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Erhard knew that his currency reform would be doomed if the new money, like its predecessor, faced bare store shelves and empty warehouses.
		Erhard gained support for his measures by billing them as a patriotic move designed to replace a "foreign" economic system that had been imposed on Germany.
		Ludwig Erhard didn't sport a red beard, nor is there any evidence that he spent much time near Kyffhauser Mountain.
	www.self-gov.org /freeman/8812pete.html (1079 words)

	BerlinDailyPhoto
		It's named after Ludwig Erhard, germany's second chancellor.
		Hier ein Foto vom Ludwig Erhard Haus, dem Sitz der Berliner Industrie- und Handelskammer.
		Es ist benannt nach Ludwig Erhard, dem zweiten deutschen Kanzler.
	berlindailyphoto.blogspot.com (208 words)

	News: icomedias Digitale Geschäftsprozesse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Feuerwehr- und Zivilschutzschule Steiermark setzt auf DISIPOSMit dem Einsatz eines DISIPOS Leit- und Orientierungssystems ist die Feuerwehr- und Zivilschutzschule Steiermark nun auch im Bereich der Beschilderung auf dem technisch neuesten Stand. »
		Orientierung im Ludwig Erhard Haus42-Zoll große Displays informieren seit Anfang des Jahres im Berliner Ludwig Erhard Haus über aktuelle Veranstaltungen in den Konferenzräumen.
		Das digitale Schildersystem stammt von icomedias und besticht durch Form und Funktion. »
	www.icomedias.com /cms/ziel/153184/DE (234 words)

	THE FUTURE OF EUROPEAN COMPETITION POLICY - by K. Van Miert - Presentation of the Ludwig Erhard Prize, Bonn (17/09/1998)
		To a young Belgian socialist, Ludwig Erhard’s economic writings were not exactly bedtime reading, but I developed an interest in his thinking very early on; I was attracted especially by the social component in the market economy.
		One thing that is inseparably bound up with Erhard’s economic miracle, and the social market economy, is the system of competition rules that became one of the pillars of German economic policy at the end of the 1950s.
		Erhard was one of the fathers, if not the father, of the Restriction of Competition Act (the Gesetz gegen Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen).
	europa.eu.int /comm/competition/speeches/text/sp1998_042_en.html (3750 words)

	AllRefer.com - Ludwig Erhard (German History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Ludwig Erhard[loot´vikh er´hArt] Pronunciation Key, 1897–1977, German political leader and economist.
		In Nuremberg he rose to be director of the institute for economic research.
		In late 1966, Erhard's government fell after the four Free Democratic party ministers in his cabinet resigned and left him without a ruling majority in the federal parliament.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/E/Erhard-L.html (233 words)

	German Economic "Miracle", by David R. Henderson: The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics: Library of Economics and ...
		Erhard himself had written a memorandum during the war laying out his vision of a market economy.
		Because Erhard's ideas had worked, the first chancellor of the new Federal Republic of Germany, Konrad Adenauer, appointed him as Germany's first minister of economic affairs.
		It was expected by Ludwig Erhard and by others of the Freiburg school who understood the damage that can be done by inflation coupled with price controls and high tax rates, and the large productivity gains that can be unleashed by ending inflation, removing controls, and cutting high marginal tax rates.
	www.econlib.org /library/Enc/GermanEconomicMiracle.html (2009 words)

	Ludwig Erhard and the Grand Coalition: German History
		Konrad Adenauer assumed the chancellorship of the newly founded FRG in 1949, at the age of seventy-three.
		Erhard ruled with a minority government for a short time, but after the opposition's significant gains in several Land elections, his party formed a new coalition government with the SPD.
		Erhard resigned as chancellor in November 1966, less successful in that position than he had been as the "father of the economic miracle."
	www.germanculture.com.ua /library/history/bl_erhard_grand_coalition.htm (505 words)

	Ludwig Erhard (1897 - 1977) - Chancellor of West Germany - Creator of the Wirtschaftswunder
		Ludwig Erhard (1897 - 1977) - Chancellor of West Germany - Creator of the Wirtschaftswunder
		Erhard's leading role in the redevelopment of the German economy
		After the resignation of Adenauer in 1963, Erhard was elected Chancellor with 279 against 180 votes on 16.
	www.germannotes.com /hist_ludwig_erhard.shtml (536 words)

	Countrybookshop.co.uk - Ludwig Erhard
		In this biography of one of the most important figures on postwar German history, Alfred C. Mierzejewski examines the life and service of Ludwig Erhard (1897-1977), West Germany's first minister of economics and second chancellor.
		Erhard liberalized the German economy in 1948 and is generally considered the father of West Germany's "economic miracle" - the period of extraordinary growth in jobs and improvement in the standard of living in the 1950s that helped stabilize Germany's first successful democracy.
		While recent scholarship has dismissed Erhard's influence on Germany's economic recovery, Mierzejewski returns to little-cited German analyses and Erhard's own record and concludes that Allied currency reform and Erhard's liberalization of the economy were crucial triggers for Germany's unprecedented economic boom.
	www.countrybookshop.co.uk /books/index.phtml?whatfor=0807828637 (337 words)

	Erhard, Ludwig on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		ONE glorious weekend in June 1948, Ludwig Erhard, a former market researcher entrusted by the US occupation forces with the job of reforming Germany's economy, took drastic action to revive his devastated country.
		Ludwig ERHARD,West-German Economics Minister,"father of the Ge (PAR217998)
		U.S.A. Washington D.C. European dignitaries (Charles de GAULLE, president of France, German chancellor Ludwig ERHARD, Queen FREDERIKA of Greece, King BAUDOIN of Belgium, Haile SELASSIE, k (PAR169079)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/E/Erhard-L1.asp (526 words)

	A Third Way, to Palookaville -- June 10, 1999
		Erhard established a stable currency, and maintained its integrity as a storehouse of value and a unit of account.
		Erhard's reforms all rested on one fundamental principle of democratic capitalism: that prosperity, wealth and opportunity can only be created by people acting freely and entrepreneurially—by strengthening the people and relying on their talents and potential—not government planning.
		Ladies and gentlemen, the key to wealth and prosperity is allowing people freedom—freedom to work to save, freedom to own their own property and homes, to succeed, and yes, to fail, but try again.
	www.polyconomics.com /searchbase/06-10-99.html (2556 words)

	The European: Architect of the German miracle. (German statesman Ludwig Erhard)@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		During the past few weeks German politicians have been paying homage to one of the great German statesman of this century, Ludwig Erhard, who was born 100 years ago.
		Not widely remembered outside his native country, Erhard must rank as one of the few politicians whose far- sightedness transformed the fate of a nation.
		As chief architect of the post-war German economic miracle -- the Wirtschaftswunder -- the secured economic and political liberty and ensured that the Federal Republic did not suffer the fate of its Weimar predecessor.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:28619719&refid=holomed_1 (197 words)

	Ludwig Erhard Haus
		When viewed from above, it is easy to see why local Berliners have given the building the nickname "armadillo".
		The Ludwid Erhard Haus was designed as a service center for the Chamber of Commerce and the Berlin Stock Exchange.
		Today, a vertical facade on the side of the building facing the Fasanen Strasse hides the actual round form of the structure.
	www.berlin.de /stadt/en/leh_b.html (126 words)

	Forbes: Ludwig Erhard, where are you? (German reunification)@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		A country in rums, hungry, threadbare, with a worthless currency, a broken-down central planning system, unproductive farms and millions of unemployed.
		Onto this dreary stage strides Ludwig Erhard, West Germany's postwar finance minister, a man who not only believes in the benefits of a market economy but also knows how to run one.
		in June Erhard issues a series of proclamations that sweep away virtually all vestiges of the administered economy and introduce a new hard currency, the deutsche mark, to replace the reichsmark.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:9269785&... (188 words)

	Ludwig Erhard
		Ludwig ERHARD,West-German Economics Minister,"father of the Ge (PAR217998) (Magnum Photos)
		President Lyndon B. Johnson on his ranch, riding his horse "Lady B", he was on the ranch to welcome the West German Chancellor Ludwig Erhard.
		De gauche roite : Charles DE GAULLE, Prdent de la Rblique Franse, Ludwig ERHARD, Chancelier de la R.F.A., la reine Frederika (PAR8798) (Magnum Photos)
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0817572.html (244 words)

	Ludwig Erhard, We Need You - Mises Institute
		Ludwig Erhard, We Need You - Mises Institute
		Ludwig von Mises: "The characteristic mark of this age of dictators, wars and revolutions is its anticapitalistic bias.
		Most governments and political parties are eager to restrict the sphere of private initiative and free enterprise." - Planned Chaos
	www.mises.org /fullstory.asp?control=943 (960 words)

	Ludwig Erhard - Compare Prices & Reviews at Smarter
		Ludwig Erhard - Compare Prices & Reviews at Smarter
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	www.smarter.com /books-1/product/ludwig_erhard-1034235 (166 words)

	Amazon.ca: Ludwig Erhard: A Biography: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
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	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0807828637 (141 words)

	University of Michigan Library Name Resolver Service (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
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		Title: Ludwig Erhard Haus Stock Exchange; General view
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	name.umdl.umich.edu /IC-UMMU-X-02-04387]02_04387 (73 words)

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