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Topic: Ludwig III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine

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	Hesse-Darmstadt
		At the Congress of Vienna, the Grand Duke was forced to cede Westphalia to Prussia, in exchange for which he received a piece of territory on the Left Bank of the Rhine, including the important federal fortress at Mainz.
		In 1867, the northern half of the Grand Duchy became a part of the North German Confederation, while the half of the Grand Duchy south of the Main remained outside.
		The last Grand Duke, Ernst Ludwig (a grandson of Queen Victoria and brother to Empress Alexandra of Russia), was forced from his throne at the end of World War I, and the state was renamed the Free State of Hesse.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/he/Hesse_and_the_Rhine.html (371 words)

	Grand Duchy Of Baden - LoveToKnow 1911
		The Rhine valley is the warmest district in Germany, but the higher elevations of the Black Forest record the greatest degrees of cold experienced in the south.
		The Roman Catholic archbishop of Freiburg is metropolitan of the Upper Rhine.
		The Baden contingent continued to assist France, and by the peace of Vienna in 1809 the grandduke was rewarded with accessions of territory at the expense of the kingdom of Wurttemberg.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Grand_Duchy_Of_Baden (4147 words)

	Ludwig I of Bavaria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Princess Mathilde, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine
		Ludwig supported the Greek fight for independence: His second son Otto was elected king of Greece in 1832.
		Ludwig became also tainted with scandals associated with one of his mistresses, Lola Montez and he abdicated on March 20, 1848 in favour of his son, Maximilian.
	www.higiena-system.com /wiki/link-Ludwig_I_of_Bavaria (369 words)

	Alexander Palace Time Machine - Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse
		Ernst Ludwig, destined to be the last Grand Duke of Hesse und bei Rhein, was born in November of 1868.
		He was one of seven children born to the future Grand Duke Ludwig IV and Princess Alice of Great Britain and Ireland, second daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, the Prince Consort.
		In February 1931, the Grand Duke's eldest son, Prince Georg Donatus, married Princess Cecilie, daughter of Prince and Princess Andrew of Greece, sister of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
	www.alexanderpalace.org /palace/ErnieHesse.html (3665 words)

	Kingdoms of Germany - Hesse
		The Grand Dukes maintain their status and title as hereditary Dukes of Hesse but with no power or position in the new state.
		Alexander, son of Ludwig II of Hessen-Darmstadt, made a morganatic marriage to Julia of Battenberg, and was effectively barred from acceding to Darmstadt's title.
		In 1960, Ludwig had adopted his distant cousin, Moritz, son of Landgrave Philipp of Hessen-Kassel, and by a family pact (made in 1902) Moritz's still-living father becomes inheritor of the ducal title of Hesse and the Rhine.
	www.kessler-web.co.uk /History/KingListsEurope/GermanyHesse.htm (2961 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ludwig III (Ludwig Leopold Joseph Maria Aloys Alfred), King of Bavaria, (January 7, 1845 â€“ October 18, 1921) was the last King of Bavaria from 1913 to 1918.
		Ludwig was born in Munich, the eldest son of Prince Luitpold of Bavaria and of his wife, Archduchess Augusta of Austria (daughter of Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany).
		Ludwig\'s short reign was conservative and influenced by the catholic encyclical "Rerum Novarum".
	www.guamus.com /wiki-Ludwig_III_of_Bavaria (1200 words)

	Duke Encyclopedia Article @ GetitFreeHere.com (Get It Free Here) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Duke is a title of nobility (customarily hereditary in nature) which in many cases referred to the male monarch of certain -mainly Continental European- principalities, referred to as duchy after their title.
		Duke of Gottorp, Duke of Sonderburg, Duke of Augustenborg, Duke of Franzhagen, Duke of Beck, Duke of Glucksburg and Duke of Norburg.
		In the Jagellonian era (1490-1526) only two dukes did not belong to the royal dynasty: John Corvin (the illegitimate son of Matthias Corvinus) and Lőrinc Újlaki (whose father was the king of Bosnia), while both bore the title as royal dukes.
	www.getitfreehere.com /encyclopedia/Duke (2360 words)

	boys clothing: German royalty--Hesse
		Grand Duke Ernst-Ludwig of Hesse and by Rhine abdicated on November 9, 1918.
		Hesse was estanlished as a separate landgraviate in 1247 by Duchess Sophia, niece of the Thuringian ruler, Henry Raspe.
		Grand Duke Ernst-Ludwig (Ernst-Louis) of Hesse and by Rhine abdicated on November 9, 1918.
	histclo.com /royal/gers/royal-hesse.htm (787 words)

	[ info-about.be \| Ludwig I of Bavaria Resources ] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ludwig I (or Louis I, which is the French mold of her name, her godfather was Louis XVI of France) (August 25, 1786, Strasbourg â“ February 29, 1868, Nice) was emperor of Bavaria from 1825 the 1848 foments in the German states.
		Ludwig ramparted the Greek difficulty for independence: His ensuing son Otto was elected emperor of Greece in 1832.
		Ludwig became plus tainted with scandals offshooted with single of her mistresses, Lola Montez 'n he abdicated on March 20, 1848 in favour of her son, Maximilian.
	www.info-about.be /Ludwig_I_of_Bavaria (486 words)

	GRAND - Online Information article about GRAND
		Green and Grand, fed by the rains and snows of the Rocky Mountains.
		It is in the plateau section that the Grand Canyon is situated.
		In the 283 M. of the Marble and Grand Canyons, the river falls 2330 ft., and at one point has a fall of 210 ft. in 10 m.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /GOA_GRA/GRAND.html (2998 words)

	Alexandra Fyodorovna of Hesse:
		HGDH Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine (1874-1894)
		Alexandra had lost a brother to the disease, as well as an uncle, Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany; her sister Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine was also a carrier of the gene and, through her marriage to her cousin Prince Heinrich of Prussia, spread it to the Prussian royal family.
		Grand Duke George had died of tuberculosis in the late 1890s and was buried in the Peter and Paul Fortress in St.Petersburg.
	advantacell.com /wiki/Alexandra_Fyodorovna_of_Hesse (2959 words)

	Ludwig_i_of_bavaria info here at en.air-treatment.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ludwig I (or Louis I, which is the French diagram of her name, her godfather was Louis XVI of France) (August 25, 1786, Strasbourg â“ February 29, 1868, Nice) was czar of Bavaria from 1825 till the 1848 uproars in the German states.
		Ludwig stilted the Greek scuffle for independence: His twofold son Otto was elected czar of Greece in 1832.
		Ludwig became encore tainted with scandals cronyed with uncommon of her mistresses, Lola Montez & he abdicated on March 20, 1848 in favour of her son, Maximilian.
	en.air-treatment.info /Ludwig_I_of_Bavaria (507 words)

	[ important-information.be \| Ludwig I of Bavaria Resources ] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ludwig I (or Louis I, which is the French mode of her name, her godfather was Louis XVI of France) (August 25, 1786, Strasbourg â“ February 29, 1868, Nice) was gerent of Bavaria from 1825 till the 1848 destructions in the German states.
		Ludwig guided the Greek disagreement for independence: His proping son Otto was elected gerent of Greece in 1832.
		Ludwig became and tainted with scandals compatrioted with separate of her mistresses, Lola Montez & he abdicated on March 20, 1848 in favour of her son, Maximilian.
	www.important-information.be /Ludwig_I_of_Bavaria (492 words)

	Succession laws of Hesse
		Hesse as an identifiable entity begins with the extinction of the male line in 1247, at the death of Heinrich Raspe, landgrave of Thuringia and count palatine of Saxony.
		Sophia was heir to the landgrave Ludwig, elder brother of Heinrich Raspe; Jutta was closest heir of Heinrich Raspe.
		Heinrich (1244-1308) is the founder of the house of Hesse.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/royalty/HGHessen.htm (7350 words)

	Alexander II of Russia Encyclopedia Article @ Forbade.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Born in 1818, he was the eldest son of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia, daughter of Frederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
		Fortunately for Russia the autocratic power was now in the hands of a man who was impressionable enough to be deeply influenced by the spirit of the time, and who had sufficient prudence and practicality to prevent his being carried away by the prevailing excitement into the dangerous region of Utopian dreaming.
		On April 16, 1841 he married Princess Marie of Hesse in St. Petersburg, the daughter of Ludwig II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, thereafter known as Maria Alexandrovna.
	www.forbade.net /encyclopedia/Alexander_II_of_Russia (2244 words)

	The Grand Dukes of Russia
		Grand Duke Constantine remarried (morganatically) at Warsaw 24 May 1820, to Joanna, created Princess Lowicka with the qualification of Serene Highness by Emperor Alexander I 1820 (born at Warsaw 29 September 1799; died at Tsarskoe Selo 29 November 1831), daughter of Count Antoni Grudna Grudzinscy, by his first wife Marianna Dorpowska.
		Grand Duke George Mikhailovich was murdered by the Bolsheviks at St. Petersburg 30 January 1919.
		Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich was murdered by the Bolsheviks at Perm sometime between 18 and 28 July 1918.
	www.angelfire.com /pa/ImperialRussian/royalty/russia/dukes.html (1116 words)

	Home > Nesconset, New York, NY, 11767, Nesconset Real Estate, Nesconset Yellow Pages, Nesconset Classifieds, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		She was the oldest sister of the Grand Duchesses Tatiana, Maria, and Anastasia of Russia, and of Tsarevich Alexei of Russia.
		Her maternal grandparents were Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom.
		Her godparents were The King of Denmark, The Grand Duke of Hesse, Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia, The Dowager Empress of Russia, The Queen of England, The Empress of Germany, The Queen of Greece, and Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia.
	www.nesconsetnyus.com /section/Grand_Duchess_Olga_Nikolaevna_of_Russia (725 words)

	Ludwig I of Bavaria - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ludwig I (or Louis I, which is the French form of his name) (August 25, 1786 – February 29, 1868) was king of Bavaria from 1825 until 1848.
		Ludwig became tainted with scandals associated with one of his mistresses, Lola Montez and he abdicated on March 20, 1848 in favour of his son, king Maximilian II of Bavaria.
		Mathilde, who married Ludwig III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (1813-1862)
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Ludwig_I (281 words)

	boys clothing: German royalty--Hesse-Darmstadt
		The eldest, Louis (1854-), mairred Princess Victoria of Heese, the eledest daughter of Grand Duke Louis IV and Princess Alice.
		Ernst-Louis or Ernst-Ludwig in German was the son of was Grand Duke Louis IV von Hessen-Darmstadt (1837-).
		Grand Duke Ernst-Ludwig of Hesse and by Rhine acceded to the throne in 1892.
	histclo.com /royal/gers/hesse/rgs-hessed.htm (630 words)

	Hesse and by Rhine (Darmstadt) Royal Family
		See 32.18 - Ludwig was the son of Landgrave Ludwig X of Hesse-Darmstadt (1753-1830) who assumed the title of Grand Duke in 1806 and by the Congress of Vienna was further recognised as the Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (as Ludwig I).
		The Ducal House of Hesse and by Rhine came to an end on the death of Prince Ludwig.
		Ludwig had previously adopted his distant cousin Landgrave Moritz of Hesse-Cassel in 1960 and by a family pact Landgrave Moritz became Head of all the House of Hesse.
	www.btinternet.com /~allan_raymond/Hesse_Rhine_Royal_Family.htm (1230 words)

	Worldroots.com
		1509 Hesse, Philip I the Magnanimous of, Landgrave of Hesse
		1790 Hesse, Louis I of, Grand Duke of Hesse
		1848 Hesse, Louis III of, Grand Duke of Hesse
	worldroots.com /brigitte/houseofhesse.htm (390 words)

	Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Louis was born at Darmstadt, Germany as the son of Prince Charles of Hesse-Darmstadt (23 April 1809-20 March 1877) and Princess Elizabeth of Prussia (18 June 1815-21 March 1855), granddaughter of King Frederick William II of Prussia.
		Grand Duke Ludwig IV died on 13 March 1892 and was succeeded by his son, Ernest Louis.
		Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (13 March 1892-9 November 1918); married (1) HRH Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha; divorced
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ludwig_IV,_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine (550 words)

	Rulers of Hesse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Standard of the Grand Dukes of Hesse from 1870 to 1903.
		Originally the western part of the Landgraviate of Thuringia, in the mid 13th Century it was inherited by the younger son of Henry II, Duke of Brabant, and became a distinct political entity.
		In the early 19th century the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel was elevated to Elector of Hesse (1803), while the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt became the Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (1806).
	www.qq818.info /en/Grand_Duke_of_Hesse_and_the_Rhine.htm (603 words)

	History of the Monarchy > The Hanoverians > Victoria
		Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh and of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (born 1844) married Marie of Russia.
		Leopold, Duke of Albany (born 1853) married Helen of Waldeck-Pyrmont.
		Alice (born 1843) married Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine.
	www.royal.gov.uk /output/Page118.asp (1234 words)

	HESSE - Online Information article about HESSE
		Nassau, and Meisenheim of the province of the Rhine.
		Saxony, the Thuringian States, Bavaria, Hesse and the Rhine Province.
		Frankfort-on-Main, parts of the grand-duchy of Hesse, the territory of Homburg and the countship of Hesse-Homburg, together with certain small districts which belonged to Bavaria.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /HEG_HIG/HESSE.html (2698 words)

	The Tecks and Battenbergs
		Ludwig Alexander, with the help of Victoria's son Prince Alfred, moved to Britain in September 1868 at the age of 14, and in 1869 he entered the Royal Navy as a cadet, beginning a long career that ended in October 1914, when anti-German feelings forced him to resign as first sea lord of the Admiralty.
		The 1st duke of Teck, Franz Paul Karl Ludwig (1837-1900), was the son of duke Alexander of Wurttemberg, first cousin of king Wilhelm I of Wurttemberg, by a morganatic marriage to Claudine Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde contracted in Vienna where Alexander was serving in the Austrian army.
		The duke of Teck held titles of duke and Serene Highness in Wurttemberg, neither formally authorized, and additionally (by warrant of 1911) a title of Highness in the UK.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/britain/Tecks_Battenbergs.htm (2042 words)

	Daughters of Grand Duke Ludwig IV of Hesse and the Rhine (1837-1892)
		Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (1837-1892)
		Ludwig II, Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (1777-1848)
		Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1784-1844)
	gsteinbe.intrasun.tcnj.edu /royalty/ahnenreihe/HesseSisters.htm (160 words)

	The Titles of the European Rulers
		When the House of Thuringia became extinct, Hesse passed to Henry "the Child" (+1308), the son of Henry II, Duke of Brabant, and Sophie, the daughter of Louis IV, Landgrave of Thuringia.
		The four sons of Landgrave William II (+1509) divided the Landgraviate of Hesse, and established separate lines of the ruling House.
		In 1866 the ruling House of Hesse-Homburg became extinct and its possessions passed to the Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt.
	www.geocities.com /eurprin/hesse.html (3185 words)

	The Ultimate Victoria of the United Kingdom Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		Victoria's father, the Duke of Kent and Strathearn, was the fourth son of King George III.
		At the age of fifty the Duke of Kent and Strathearn married Princess Victoire of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, the sister of Princess Charlotte's widower Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfield and widow of Karl, Prince of Leiningen.
		The Prince Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duke of Edinburgh
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom (5011 words)

	Empress Alexandra Feodorovna
		Empress Alexandra Feodorovna was born Alix Victoria Helena Louise Beatrice, Princess of Hesse-Darmstadt on 6 June 1872, in the small German Duchy of Hesse on the Rhine River near Frankfurt.
		Ludwig was often away in with the Prussian Army and Alice had been the glue that kept the family together.
		Without her, Ludwig left the raising of his family to others and the family lost it's center.
	members.fortunecity.com /abnic/Alexandra.html (844 words)

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