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Topic: Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine

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Ludwig III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine

Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine

Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine

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Rulers of Hesse

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Marie of Hesse and by Rhine

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	Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
		Ernie was the fourth child and eldest son of Grand Duke Ludwig IV and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, daughter of Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
		Ernst Ludwig succeeded his father as Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine in 1892 and married his first cousin, Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, ("Ducky") on 19 April 1894, on the encouragement of their mutual grandmother, Queen Victoria, but the marriage was not a happy one.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ernst_Ludwig,_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine (787 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Ludwig III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
		HRH The Duke of Edinburgh The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, KG, KT, OM, GBE, AC, QSO, PC, (Philip Mountbatten, formerly Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark) (born 10 June 1921) is the consort of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.
		Marie of Hesse Princess Maximilienne Wilhelmine Marie of Hesse and the Rhine (8 August 1824-8 June 1880) was a princess of Grand Ducal Hesse and, as Marie Alexandrovna, Empress consort of Alexander II of Russia.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ludwig-IV,-Grand-Duke-of-Hesse-and-by-Rhine (3701 words)

	Ludwig
		Ludwig Binswanger was born in Kreuzlingen, Friedrich Nietzsche's doct...
		Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, K.G. (Elizabeth II of the Unite...
		Ludwig Von Drake Ludwig Von Drake is one of Donald Duck.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/ludwig.html (1110 words)

	History of the Monarchy > The Hanoverians > Victoria
		Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh and of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (born 1844) married Marie of Russia.
		Leopold, Duke of Albany (born 1853) married Helen of Waldeck-Pyrmont.
		Alice (born 1843) married Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine.
	www.royal.gov.uk /output/Page118.asp (1234 words)

	Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		His Grand Ducal Highness Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Karl, was born at Darmstadt, the son of Prince Karl of Hesse and by Rhine (23 April 1809-20 March 1877) and Princess Elizabeth of Prussia (18 June 1815-21 March 1855).
		Following the death of Princess Alice in 1878, Ludwig IV contracted a morganatic marriage on 30 April 1884 with Alexandrina Hutten-Czapska (3 September 1854-8 May 1941), the former wife of Alexander Kolémine, the Russian chargé d'affaires in Darmstadt.
		Grand Duke Ludwig IV died on 13 March 1892 and was succeeded by his son, Ernst Ludwig.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ludwig_IV,_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine (653 words)

	Rulers of Hesse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Originally the western part of the Landgraviate of Thuringia, in the mid 13th Century it was inherited by the younger son of Henry II, Duke of Brabant, and became a distinct political entity.
		Electoral Hesse was annexed by Prussia in 1866 after the Six Weeks War, but Grand Ducal Hesse lasted until the end of the German monarchies in 1918.
		In 1968 the House of Hesse and the Rhine became extinct.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rulers_of_Hesse (214 words)

	Encyclopedia: Grand Duke of Hesse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Ludwig II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (26 December 1777 – 16 June 1848) ruled over the Grand Duchy of Hesse from 1830 until his death.
		Ludwig III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (9 June 1806 - 13 June 1877) was the ruler of Grand Ducal Hesse from 1848 until his death.
		Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, K.G. (12 September 1837 in Bessungen, now Darmstadt - 13 March 1892 in Darmstadt), the ruler of the small German grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt (Hesse and by Rhine), was the husband of Princess Alice of Great Britain and Ireland, the...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Grand-Duke-of-Hesse (723 words)

	Encyclopedia: Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna of Russia (Ð•Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ð²ÐµÑÐ° Ð¤Ñ‘Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¸Ð°), nÃ©e Her Grand Ducal Highness Princess Elisabeth Alexandra Luise Alice of Hesse-Darmstadt (1 November 1864â“18 July 1918), was the wife of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, the fifth son of Emperor Alexander II of Russia and Maria Alexandrovna (nee Princess Hesse-Darmstadt).
		She was the second child and daughter of Grand Duke Louis IV of Hesse-Darmstadt and Princess Alice of Great Britain, a daughter of Queen Victoria.
		After Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia killed while on service in the Kremlin by Socialist-Revolutionary Ivan Kalyayev in February 18, 1905, Grand Duchess Elizabeth became a nun and gave away her jewellery and sold her most luxurious possessions.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Grand-Duchess-Elizabeth-Fyodorovna (938 words)

	The Ultimate Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (25 November 1868 Darmstadt - 9 October 1937 Schloß Wolfsgarten) was the reigning Grand Duke of Hesse from 1892 to 1918.
		The son of Grand Duke Ludwig IV and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, daughter of Queen Victoria.
		Ernst Ludwig remarried in 1905 to Princess Eleonore of Solms-Braunfels.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Ernst_Ludwig,_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine (197 words)

	Knowledge King - Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, K.G. 12 September 1837-13 March 1892), the ruler of the small German grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt (Hesse and by Rhine), was the husband of Princess Alice of Great Britain and Ireland, the second daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.
		On 1 July 1862 at Osbourne House on the Isle of Wight, Prince Ludwig married Her Royal Highness the Princess Alice, the second daughter of Queen Victoria.
		her cousin HIH The Grand Duke Sergei of Russia (11 May 1857-17 February 1905, the fifth son of Tsar Alexander III and Empress Maria Feodorovna, nee Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine, and had issue.
	www.knowledgeking.net /encyclopedia/l/lu/ludwig_iv__grand_duke_of_hesse_and_by_rhine.html (659 words)

	grand duke
		Grand Duke is the traditional translation of the title, velikii kniaz, which from the 11th century was the title of first the leading Russian prince (in Kiev), then of several Russian princes.
		From 1328 the velikii kniaz of Muscovy appeared as the Grand Duke for "all of Russia" until Ivan IV in 1547 was crowneded as tsar, thereafter the title was given to sons and grandsons of the tsar and emperors of Russia.
		Further, Grand Duke is the translated form of the title megadoukas, infrequently used in the Byzantine Empire during the Palaeologian dynasty (1259-1453).
	www.fact-library.com /grand_duke.html (614 words)

	Grand Ducal Standards until c.1903 (Hesse, Germany) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine, Grossherzog von Hessen und bei Rhein
		Ströhl 1897 shows the standard of the grand duke with a ratio of almost exactly 7:10, while the standard for other members of the grand ducal family and the state flag and ensign are shown as 4:5.
		797 (inv 1892) Ernst Ludwig Karl Albrecht Wilhelm, Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine [Hesse-Darmstadt] (1868-1937).
	www.flagspot.com /flags/de-he^d1.html (560 words)

	The Grand Dukes of Russia
		Grand Duke Constantine remarried (morganatically) at Warsaw 24 May 1820, to Joanna, created Princess Lowicka with the qualification of Serene Highness by Emperor Alexander I 1820 (born at Warsaw 29 September 1799; died at Tsarskoe Selo 29 November 1831), daughter of Count Antoni Grudna Grudzinscy, by his first wife Marianna Dorpowska.
		Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich died in London 26 April 1929 and is buried at Hampstead Cemetary.
		Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich was murdered by the Bolsheviks at Perm sometime between 18 and 28 July 1918.
	www.angelfire.com /pa/ImperialRussian/royalty/russia/dukes.html (1116 words)

	Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He was the second son of Prince Louis of Battenberg and his wife Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine.
		His maternal grandparents were Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, daughter of Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
		His siblings were Princess Alice, (mother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh), Queen Louise of Sweden, and George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lord_Mountbatten (1099 words)

	Maria Alexandrovna - Enpsychlopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Princess Maximilienne Wilhelmine Marie of Hesse and the Rhine (8 August, 1824-8 June, 1880) was a princess of Grand Ducal Hesse and, as Marie Alexandrovna, Empress consort of Alexander II of Russia.
		She was born at Darmstadt, the capital of the Grand Duchy, and died at Saint Petersburg.
		Married Elizabeth Alexandra Louise Alice von Hessen, daughter of Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom.
	www.grohol.com /psypsych/Maria_Alexandrovna_of_Hesse (736 words)

	Germany, the Stem Duchies & Marches
		Sibylle married the Gian Gastone, the Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany.
		In 1423, the Wettins became the Dukes of Saxony -- the opposite of the dynamic in 909.
		Rudolf IV of Hapsburg got himself elected Emperor, the first after the Great Interregnum (1254-1273) which followed the fall of the Hohenstaufen, and used his power to obtain the Duchy of Austria, killing Ottokar II, Duke of Austria and King of Bohemia, at the Battle of Dürnkrut in 1278.
	www.friesian.com /germany.htm (9830 words)

	boys clothing: German royalty--Hesse-Darmstadt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The eldest, Louis (1854-), mairred Princess Victoria of Heese, the eledest daughter of Grand Duke Louis IV and Princess Alice.
		Ernst-Louis or Ernst-Ludwig in German was the son of was Grand Duke Louis IV von Hessen-Darmstadt (1837-).
		Grand Duke Ernst-Ludwig of Hesse and by Rhine acceded to the throne in 1892.
	histclo.hispeed.com /royal/gers/hesse/rgs-hessed.htm (630 words)

	HESSE - Online Information article about HESSE
		Nassau, and Meisenheim of the province of the Rhine.
		Saxony, the Thuringian States, Bavaria, Hesse and the Rhine Province.
		Frankfort-on-Main, parts of the grand-duchy of Hesse, the territory of Homburg and the countship of Hesse-Homburg, together with certain small districts which belonged to Bavaria.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /HEG_HIG/HESSE.html (2662 words)

	Victoria of the United Kingdom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		She was born on May 24, 1819, to Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent, the fourth son of King George III, and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfield, sister of King Leopold I of the Belgians and widow of HSH Emich, 2nd Prince of Leiningen.
		Following the death of Leopold's wife, Princess Charlotte Augusta, in childbirth, the only legitimate child of King George IV, in 1817, there had been a scramble by the king's brothers to abandon their mistresses, marry, and beget an heir to the realm; Edward, marrying at the age of fifty, was the one who supposedly succeeded.
		According to the Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, Victoria as a young girl caught her widowed mother in a compromising position with Conroy.
	usapedia.com /v/victoria-of-the-united-kingdom.html (1386 words)

	boys clothing: British royalty--Princess Alice
		Grand Duke Ernst-Ludwig (Ernst-Louis) of Hesse and by Rhine abdicated on November 9, 1918.
		Although Alice was the mother of the Duke of Edinburgh she was little heard of in Britain.
		Grand Duchess Alice did not have as strong a constitution as her mother or older sister.
	histclo.hispeed.com /royal/eng/royal-ukalice.htm (2068 words)

	[No title]
		His paternal grandparents were Alexander II of Russia and his first consort Maximilienne Wilhelmine Marie of Hesse and the Rhine.
		Nicholas fell in love with Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine, a daughter of Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom.
		Alice was herself a daughter of Queen regnant Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
	www.homestayfinder.com /Dictionary.aspx?q=Nicholas_II_of_Russia (1976 words)

	hesse
		Situated in western-central Germany, Hesse borders on (from the north-west and clockwise) the German states of North Rhine-Westphalia, Lower Saxony, Thuringia, Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate.
		In the early Middle Ages Hesse was a part of Thuringia, but in the War of the Thuringian Succession (1247-64) Hesse gained its independency and became an earldom within the Holy Roman Empire.
		It combined the former states of Hesse(-Darmstadt) and Hesse-Nassau (except for the parts of Hesse on the western banks of the Rhine, which became a part of Rhineland-Palatinate).
	www.fact-library.com /hesse.html (443 words)

	FRANCIA
		The Dukes of Savoy, beginning with a county in Burgundy, acquired more land and a capital (Turin) in Italy, named their new Kingdom after Sardinia and ultimately succeeded as the modern Kings of Italy.
		Charles IV The Capetians are usually reckoned to begin with Hugh Capet, but his family (the house of Paris or "Robertians," after Robert the Strong) had been nudging the Carolingians for some time, and his uncle (by marriage), grandfather, and great uncle had already been Kings of France.
		Finally, the succession of Henry IV, to anticipate a bit, brings with it the remaining possessions of the Kingdom of Navarre and the Duchy and Counties of Vendôme, Foix, Albret, etc. By then, few fiefs within West Francia were left outside the control of the King.
	www.friesian.org /francia.htm (14160 words)

	cialis generic tadalafil . cialis generic tadalafil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		George's profligacy and marriage difficulties meant that he never regained much popularity, and he spent his final years in seclusion at Windsor, dying at the age of 67.
		WILLIAM IV (1830-37) At the age of 13, William became a midshipman and began a career in the Royal Navy.
		George V adopted the new relatively new cialis generic tadalafil George's profligacy and marriage difficulties meant that he never regained much popularity, and he spent his final years in seclusion at Windsor, dying at the age of 67.
	et3.org.ru /cialis/cialis-generic-tadalafil.html (664 words)

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