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	Anastasio Somoza Debayle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Anastasio Somoza Debayle (December 5, 1925 – September 17, 1980) was officially the forty-fourth and forty-fifth President of Nicaragua from May 1, 1967 to May 1, 1972 and from December 1, 1972 to July 17, 1979.
		However, prior to that, Somoza worked out an agreement allowing him to stand for reelection in 1974; he would be replaced as president by a three-man junta consisting of two Liberals and one Conservative while retaining control of the National Guard.
		Anastasio Somoza Debayle was assassinated in Asunción, Paraguay, at the age of 54, by a commando team led by the Argentinian Enrique Gorriaran Merlo an ex-ERP (Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo) member.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anastasio_Somoza_Debayle (783 words)

	Luis Somoza Debayle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Luis Somoza Debayle (November 18, 1922 – April 13, 1967) was the fortieth president of Nicaragua from 1956–1963, but was effectively dictator of the country from 1956 until his death.
		As a result, Luis remained the real power in Nicaragua until his death in 1967 from a massive heart attack at the age of 44.
		Under Luis Somoza Debayle's regime, Nicaragua was a key player in the ushering of the creation of the Central American Common Market, with the Alliance for Progress backing that common market's creation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Luis_Somoza_Debayle (293 words)

	Nicaragua - MSN Encarta
		Somoza continued to cultivate U.S. support, and to that end he backed a 1954 coup that toppled a reformist government in Guatemala.
		Somoza had groomed his sons, Luis Somoza Debayle and Anastasio Somoza Debayle, to succeed him.
		Somoza's manipulation of politics became even more brazen when he was again elected president in 1974.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761577584_9/Nicaragua.html (2756 words)

	Anastasio Somoza Debayle killer file
		Somoza García's younger son, Anastasio Somoza Debayle, takes over as National Guard director, launching a major reprisal campaign during which political opponents are tortured and imprisoned, the press is censored and civil liberties are suspended.
		The subsequent looting of the city by the National Guard and revelation that the Somoza family and members of the National Guard are embezzling most of the international aid for the victims of the disaster turns almost all political figures against the regime, a development that is only strengthened by the country's rapid economic decline.
		Somoza Debayle's son, Anastasio Somoza Portocarrero, the former commander of a National Guard unit accused of widespread human rights violations, plans to return to the country from exile in Guatemala.
	www.moreorless.au.com /killers/somoza.html (2686 words)

	The Sandinista Revolution
		Somoza García’s oldest son Luís Somoza then took over the presidency, while the National Guard was led by the youngest son, Anastacio Somoza Debayle, also known as “Tachito” (trained in the United States just like his father), who started a repression movement in León after his father’s death, against those who he considered political enemies.
		In 1967 Luis Somoza Debayle was still occupying the presidency (although he did not govern for 11 years, he alternated power with another politician of that time), but suddenly died.
		Somoza showed the battle on TV to demonstrate the FSLN’s destruction, but the heroic action of a single man turned the entire situation around and the population was moved by the event and identified themselves even more with the revolutionary movement.
	www.vianica.com /go/specials/15-sandinista-revolution-in-nicaragua.html (2432 words)

	Somoza Dynasty -- Experience Nicaragua
		Somoza was the real ruling power throughout his entire career even though he sometimes let others take the presidency as puppet leaders.
		Luis Somoza Debayle, the politically-oriented eldest son of Anastasio Somoza García, who was educated at Louisiana State University, the University of California, and the University of Maryland, assumed the presidency under a provision in the constitution for the possible sudden death of his father.
		Luis encouraged new leaders to emerge in the Liberal party and even had the constitution amended to keep his younger brother, Anastasio Somoza Debayle, from running for president in 1963.
	members.tripod.com /PR0J3CT/somoza.htm (2066 words)

	Nicaragua HISTORY
		Somoza and his family were to rule Nicaragua directly or indirectly for the next 42 years.
		Somoza was president until 1947, making constitutional changes as necessary to prolong his term.
		Somoza responded by declaring a martial law and unleashed the National Guard.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Americas/Nicaragua-HISTORY.html (2596 words)

	Somoza - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Somoza was the name of an influential family dictatorship in Nicaragua.
		Anastasio Somoza Debayle was educated at the LaSalle Military Academy on Long Island and then went to college at West Point.
		President Somoza was president of Nicaragua until he was overthrown by the Sandinistas.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Somoza (177 words)

	Nicaragua - The Somoza Era, 1936-74
		A cynical and opportunistic individual, Somoza García ruled Nicaragua with a strong arm, deriving his power from three main sources: the ownership or control of large portions of the Nicaraguan economy, the military support of the National Guard, and his acceptance and support from the United States.
		Somoza García was succeeded as president by his eldest son Luis Somoza Debayle.
		The Luis Somoza Debayle government played a leading role in the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba in 1961, allowing the Cuban exile brigade to use military bases on the Caribbean coast to launch the failed maneuver.
	countrystudies.us /nicaragua/11.htm (2029 words)

	SSHL: Collections: Latin American Studies: Elections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Walter 1993: “Somoza’s conciliatory attitude toward members of his own party was not repeated in June, when the streets of Managua witnessed the first widespread urban disturbances since the demonstrations of early 1936 that preceded Somoza’s rise to power” (page 130).
		Blackford 1992: “In 1950, the first accord between the Somoza regime and the Conservative Party was reached...A 60-40 division of power in the legislature (60 percent of the representation went to the Liberals and 40 percent went to the Conservatives) allowed the Conservatives a voice in the legislature and in government appointments.
		Smith 1993: Luis Somoza Debayle “died on 13 April [1967], leaving Tacho II in command of the party, the economic empire, the state and of course, the National Guard” (page 118).
	sshl.ucsd.edu /collections/las/nicaragua/1937.html (10411 words)

	Luis Somoza homepage
		Maldonado, A., Somoza, L., Pallares, L. The Betic orogen and the Iberian-African boundary in the Gulf of Cadiz: geological evolution (central North Atlantic).
		Somoza, L., Lowrie A., Maestro, A. Allochtonous Blocks as Hydrocarbon Traps in the Gulf of Cadiz.
		Somoza, L., Maestro, A., Lowrie A. Proposal to Drill a Transect in the Gulf of Cadiz, Eastern Central North Atlantic.
	tierra.rediris.es /curriculum.html (6131 words)

	somozatachito (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Somoza did not pay heed to American demands, comfortable in the belief that he was the best friend that the United States ever had.
		Somoza read a brief note informing them that he would be leaving the country and was formally resigning his post.
		Anastasio Somoza Debayle was killed in Asuncion on September 17, 1980 by a terrorist group atuned with the Sandinista ideals.
	www.ans.edu.ni /Academics/history/somozatachito.html (3192 words)

	Nicaragua FAMOUS NICARAGUANS
		Luis Abraham Delgadillo (1887–1961), a writer, educator, and musical conductor, was also Nicaragua's leading composer.
		The Somoza family, which ruled Nicaragua from 1934 to 1979, included Anastasio Somoza García (1896–1956), president during 1937–47 and again during 1950–56; his oldest son, Luis Somoza Debayle (1922–67), president during 1956–63; and a younger son, Anastasio Somoza Debayle (1925–80), president during 1967–72 and again from 1974 until the 1979 revolution.
		The Sandinistas, who overthrew the Somoza dynasty, take their name from the nationalist Gen. Augusto César Sandino (1895–1934).
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Americas/Nicaragua-FAMOUS-NICARAGUANS.html (226 words)

	President Ronald Reagan and Nicaragua excerpted from the book Lying for Empire How to Commit War Crimes With A Straight ...
		When Luis Somoza's health deteriorated and he was unable to seek another term as president, his brother, Anastasio Somoza, was elected president amid a repressive campaign against his political opponents.
		Somoza's reaction to the growing opposition to his regime was more censorship, torture, and murder.
		By the time Somoza went into exile only 65 percent of primary school-age children were enrolled in school and only 22 percent of those who attended primary school completed the full six years.
	www.thirdworldtraveler.com /American_Empire/Reagan_Nicaragua_LFE.html (4107 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - Somoza Debayle, Luis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		SOMOZA DEBAYLE, LUIS [Somoza Debayle, Luis], 1922-67, president of Nicaragua (1957-63).
		He served in the senate and headed the Somoza-dominated Liberal party until his death.
		SOMOZA PARTY IN NICARAGUAN ELECTORAL ALLIANCE WITH SANDINISTAS
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/S/SomozaL1.asp (290 words)

	Nicaragua - Timeline
		Somoza García was made chief director of the National Guard and the US marines left after domestic pressure due to the increasing casualties.
		In February 1967, when Luis Somoza was too ill to run for president, his brother Anastasio Somoza Debayle was elected president amidst a repressive campaign against the opposition.
		The Somoza government responded to the increased opposition with further censorship, intimidation, torture, and murder.
	www.doublestandards.org /nicaragua_time.html (1638 words)

	Marine Geology Group, Geological Survey of Spain (ITGE)
		Maldonado, A., Somoza, L. and Pallares, L. The Betic orogen and the Azores-Gibraltar fracture zone in the Gulf of Cadiz: geological evolution (Central North-Atlantic).
		Somoza L., Martinez-Frías, J., Rey, J., y De Benito R. REE patterns of sea-floor volcanic sediments from Deception Island (Antarctica):The influence of hydrothermal emissions.
		Somoza, L.; Rey, J.; Martinez-Frias J. and Benito, R..Fe-Mn distribution patterns on sea-floor sediments related to the discovery of submarine volcanic cones, mounds and vent structures (Deception Island, Antarctica).
	www.terra.es /personal/lsomoza/marina/marina_publicaciones.html (4019 words)

	General Demographics
		Somoza, now a general, seizes total power, and begins one of the most repressive dictatorships in Latin American history.
		Somoza is assassinated by poet Rigoberto Lopez Perez.
		Luis Somoza dies of a heart attack and his younger brother, Anastasio Somoza Debayle assumes the Presidency and begins the most repressive era of the Somoza dynasty.
	revolutions.truman.edu /nicaragua/demographics.htm (729 words)

	NACLA Digital Archive - NICARAGUA: SAMOZA'S DICTATORSHIP
		...Somoza returned the sentiments: in a November 1973 visit to San Francisco, at the height of the Watergate scandal, he declared himself to be "a friend and admirer of Nixon...
		...Somoza had given his sons a "preparation" similar to his own: both were sent to study in U.S...
		...Somoza is so worried that his officers might turn against him that he insists on personally authorizing all munitions dispensations...
	archive.nacla.org /Summaries/V10I2P1-1.htm (13956 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Nicaragua, 1945-1979 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Somoza held on to power by placing figureheads in the presidency or taking it over himself (1950); in 1956 he was assassinated.
		He was succeeded by his son LUIS SOMOZA DEBAYLE (1956-1963); another son, ANASTASIO SOMOZA DEBAYLE, as commander of the armed forces, was the real strongman, placing figureheads in the presidency or occupying it himself (1967-1972, 1974-1979).
		Nicaragua under the Somoza clan, for it's anti-communist stand, had received U.S. aid, much of which had been diverted by the Somozas into private coffers.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/centramerica/nica194579.html (225 words)

	Anastasio Somoza
		Luis Somoza Debayle - Somoza Debayle, Luis, 1922–67, president of Nicaragua (1957–63).
		Somoza's economic czar denounces the IMF: an interview with Francisco Lainez.
		Eisenhower, Somoza, and the Cold War in Nicaragua.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0845913.html (309 words)

	Nicaragua - National Guard, 1927-79
		At the time of Anastasio Somoza Garcia's assassination in 1956, his oldest son, Luis Somoza Debayle, became president and his second son, Anastasio Somoza Debayle, took over as commander of the National Guard.
		After the death of Luis Somoza Debayle in 1967, control of the presidency passed to Anastasio Somoza Debayle.
		The National Guard's close association with the Somoza family and its instinct for self-preservation through protection of the Somoza dynasty resulted in increasing alienation of large segments of the Nicaraguan population.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-9301.html (699 words)

	HIST 382: Nicaragua under Somoza (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Somoza's personal fortune was estimated at 400 million dollars in the 1970s
		Somoza family also had investments in construction, air transportation, meat packing, real estate, banking, lottery, auto imports, etc.
		Provisional Junta (5 members, 3 of them Sandinistas) was formed in June; OAS called for Somoza's resignation.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~caguirre/382_7.html (554 words)

	NDI - National Democratic Institute for International Affairs
		With support from the U.S. and the National Guard, Somoza was able to control the opposition and force the rubber-stamp Constituent Assembly to elect him to consecutive presidential terms.
		Having made numerous enemies, Garcia was assassinated in 1956 and succeeded by his son, Luis Somoza Debayle.
		From 1956-1974, Luis Somoza Debayle and his brother Anastasio Somoza Debayle ruled the country.
	ndi.org /globalp/civmil/programscm/nicaragua/nicaraguacm_1992_97_pf.asp (3073 words)

	[No title]
		In focusing on the Eisenhower years Gambone has to deal also with the transition from the regime of Anastasio ("Tacho") Somoza García to that of his elder son, Luis Somoza Debayle and his younger son Anastasio ("Tachito") Somoza Debayle.
		Particularly after 1956, the Nicaraguan government found itself confronted with declining sympathy in Washington, a fact which Gambone argues was responsible for Luis Somoza's efforts to appear more democratic and reformist than either his father or his brother.
		But he also argues that while Luis' reforms led to greater economic prosperity for Nicaragua, they also caused rising expectations that ultimately would contribute to serious opposition to the continued Somoza dictatorship.
	www.datasync.com /~woodward/gambone.htm (666 words)

	Timeline: Nicaragua
		1937—General Somoza elected president, heralding the start of a 40-year-long dictatorship by his family.
		1956—General Somoza assassinated, but is succeeded as president by his son, Luis Somoza Debayle.
		1967—Luis Somoza dies and is succeeded as president by his brother, Anastasio Somoza.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/47/397.html (269 words)

	AllRefer.com - Luis Somoza Debayle (Nicaragua History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Luis Somoza Debayle (Nicaragua History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Luis Somoza Debayle[lOOEs´ sOmO´sA thAbI´lA] Pronunciation Key, 1922–67, president of Nicaragua (1957–63).
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on Luis Somoza Debayle
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/SomozaL.html (246 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Americas \| Country profiles \| Timeline: Nicaragua
		1956 - General Somoza assassinated, but is succeeded as president by his son, Luis Somoza Debayle.
		1967 - Luis Somoza dies and is succeeded as president by his brother, Anastasio Somoza.
		1980 - Somoza assassinated in Paraguay; FSLN government led by Daniel Ortega nationalises and turns into cooperatives lands held by the Somoza family.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/low/americas/1225283.stm (578 words)

	Slant Magazine - Film Review: Susana
		exican ambassadors and nationalists called Los Olvidados a crime against the state and while Luis Buñuel's friend Georges Sadoul found the director's depiction of police and state officials "too bourgeois," surrealists and intellectuals alike had nothing but praise for the film.
		When the ranch's foreman learns of her escape from the asylum, Susana welcomes his sexual advances in return for his silence.
		Soon she falls for both Guadalupe and his bookish son Alberto (Luis López Somoza) yet things don't get interesting until Doña Carmen deliriously whips Susana for poisoning her family.
	www.slantmagazine.com /film/film_review.asp?ID=404 (530 words)

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