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Topic: Lukashenka

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Alexander Lukashenka

Alyaksandr Lukashenka

In the News (Mon 20 May 13)

EXECUTIVE POWER

Iran

ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Belarusian Review :: Belarus: Lukashenka - Father Of The Nation, Or Loudmouth Autocrat?
		Lukashenka is believed to have spent his recent years living with a mistress, with whom he reputedly has a child.
		Lukashenka also shared two more traits with those on the low end of the Soviet social spectrum: he was ashamed of his rural origins, and, as a result, loathed everything that was traditionally associated with them.
		Lukashenka may be right when he asserts that for "his people" nationwide elections and referendums have so far been "festivals." On election day, many polling stations offer vodka, sausages, and other commodities at discounted prices, and most people rightfully enjoy taking advantage of such opportunities.
	www.belreview.cz /articles/3077.html (2657 words)

	NTI: Country Overviews: Belarus: Nuclear Overview
		In late November, Lukashenka was embroiled in a grave constitutional crisis that threatened to erupt in violence.
		Lukashenka attributed his decision to the threat of NATO expansion, and further argued that since Russia and Belarus would soon be united as a single country there was no need for Belarus to return the missiles.
		Lukashenka's aim is to bind Russia to Belarus in an attempt to solve his country's deepening political and economic problems while avoiding real reform.
	www.nti.org /e_research/profiles/Belarus/Nuclear (1562 words)

	Belarus journalists criticize Lukashenka's media crackdown (05/04/97)
		Lukashenka's imposition of severe curbs on the independent press and broadcast media, both Belarusian and foreign, has created a "nation of zombies" and that the average citizen in her country is not able to objectively judge the performance of Mr.
		Lukashenka's monopolization of state-run media is the near-total lack of exposure of government journalists, especially at the regional and local levels, to their colleagues abroad.
		Lukashenka and government policies, as the Brest Kuryier allegedly did on October 30, 1996, it is subject to pressure.
	www.ukrweekly.com /Archive/1997/189702.shtml (943 words)

	ANALYSIS: Will Lukashenka outplay opposition once again? (07/09/00)
		Lukashenka in exchange for the Belarusian president's pledge that the referendum would be of a consultative nature only.
		Lukashenka has consolidated his power and turned Belarus, as the U.S. Congress's May 3 resolution put it, into "an authoritarian police state where human rights are routinely violated." With Moscow's political and economic support, President Lukashenka has appeared to ignore Western criticism.
		Lukashenka's talent for political maneuvering, it cannot be ruled out that he will outplay the opposition once again - this time with the OSCE performing a "conciliatory mission" in Belarus.
	www.ukrweekly.com /Archive/2000/280004.shtml (928 words)

	Belarus News and Analysis \| Lukashenka Plans No 'Democratic Change' For Belarus
		Lukashenka charged in his annual address to the legislature that the Belarusian opposition is sponsored by "bagfuls" of money channeled into Belarus through unnamed embassies.
		Moreover, Lukashenka on 19 April accused diplomats of the Polish Embassy in Minsk of destabilizing the situation in western Belarus, including through the Roman Catholic Church, and putting pressure on Belarus's ethnic Polish community.
		On 19 April, however, Lukashenka did not fire anything heavier against Washington than a story about an unnamed U.S. diplomat in Minsk who allegedly sold his car and subsequently complained to police that the car was stolen.
	www.data.minsk.by /belarusnews/042005/84.html (1008 words)

	Polity IV Country Report 2003: Belarus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Lukashenka has created a constitutional autocracy by manipulating popular referendums to enhance his constitutional powers and extend his tenure in office (from 1999 to 2001).
		Lukashenka's committed determination to the cause of Belarus-Russian unification has led some political observers to speculate that the Kremlin may be his ultimate political goal.
		Lukashenka's reliance on the Presidential Guard, a coercive body with no judicial or legislative oversight, continues to contribute to the poor human rights record within Belarus and adds to Lukashenka's reputation as Europe's last dictator.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/polity/Blr1.htm (511 words)

	Pravapis.org - Belarusian language - Dynko: Soviet nationalism - Lukashenka's strategy of survival (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Lukashenka was aware that a model of national identity based on "classic European nationalism" would be rejected by a considerable segment of the population.
		Third, despite Lukashenka's policies or thanks to them, the percentage of children instructed in Belarusian at school now is larger that that at the end of the Soviet Belarus.
		Lukashenka has put a brake on any attempts to deepen economic integration with Russia and is gradually limiting the influence of Russian media in Belarus.
	pravapis.org /art_soviet_nationalism.asp (1878 words)

	East European Constitutional Review
		One of the key changes Lukashenka made to the Constitution was to schedule elections not for 1999, as the pre-1996 charter had envisioned, but for two years later, thereby prolonging his term in office until the year 2001 (Art.
		Lukashenka reinstated the “official” exchange rate prior to the March drop and ordered that all consumer prices be returned to previous levels.
		Later, Lukashenka claimed that the ambassadors were asked to leave because he lived in that area, and he did not want share it with foreign ambassadors.
	www.law.nyu.edu /eecr/vol7num2/constitutionwatch/belarus.html (1869 words)

	The U.S. Should Oppose Dictatorship in Belarus
		President Alexandr Lukashenka of Belarus has added a referendum to the October 17 parliamentary elections, asking Belarusians to allow him to participate in the next presidential election (prohibited by his own tailor-made constitution) and to remove the presidential term limits from the constitution.
		Moreover, the Putin Administration is aware that Lukashenka nurses an ambition to engineer a unification between Russia and Belarus in such a way that he could run for president of Russia.
		Lukashenka thinks he is the permanent ruler of Belarus, but the people of Belarus deserve better.
	www.heritage.org /Research/RussiaandEurasia/em945.cfm (1046 words)

	East European Constitutional Review
		Lukashenka, by contrast, continues to enjoy unwavering popular support (from approximately 40 percent of the population) and has already extended his term in office beyond what is constitutionally allowed.
		Lukashenka’s most important anticorruption victory, during his original campaign, and the one that raised him from obscurity, was his defeat of the liberal parliamentary speaker Stanislau Shushkevich.
		Lukashenka warned “corrupt” officials and businesspeople to pack their bags and leave the country the day he became president.
	www.law.nyu.edu /eecr/vol7num3/special/belarus.html (4266 words)

	Belarus A Moment Long Expected
		Lukashenka has in the past wanted more power than the constitution allowed, and asked the people to approve his rewriting of the constitution.
		Just hours before Lukashenka was scheduled to speak to the nation on 7 September, his press secretary, Natalia Piatkevich, told journalists that Lukashenka was to speak mainly about the hostage crisis in Russia, which several days before left hundreds of people dead, most of them children.
		Lukashenka indeed mentioned the seizure of the school in Beslan—as an example to contrast with the stability of Belarus, which has not seen such terrorist attacks under his rule.
	www.templetonthorp.com /de/news769 (566 words)

	REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
		Lukashenka also has actively nurtured and supported the emergence of the Belarusian Patriotic Union of Youth (BPSM) as the single most powerful student organization on campuses throughout the country.
		Although ostensibly politically neutral, the centralization of appointments of rectors and the increasingly institutionalized position occupied by the BPSM in student life have created a campus environment conducive to propagation of political orthodoxy and the squelching of independent views rather than one conducive to the open-ended inquiry and expression essential to academic excellence.
		Lukashenka said he was confident that he would work as the president "for more years to come." It is therefore important to have "a personnel base," he added.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1999/belarus/Belrus99-06.htm (3227 words)

	Putin, Lukashenka Talk Union, Again - Forbes.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		However, Lukashenka has won back the Kremlin's support mostly due to events elsewhere in the post-Soviet area, and Russia's increasing propensity to support nondemocratic regimes as bulwarks against the expansion of Western influence in Eurasia.
		In exchange, Lukashenka would be granted the vice presidency in the new union.
		While Lukashenka's resistance to Kremlin pressure for a deeper integration will not win him any favors in Moscow, Russia cannot risk responding to his defiance with policies that would eventually undermine his power and risk his succession by a pro-Western regime.
	www.forbes.com /business/2005/07/27/putin-lukashenka-talks-cx_0727oxan_russiabelarus.html (785 words)

	Belarus: Ever More Isolated, Lukashenka Cracks Down On Cabinet, Media, Western Groups
		Lukashenka, the analyst said, "will officially announce he is seeking re-election only once he is sure he will win.
		Suzdalski said Lukashenka has become trapped within the logic of the authoritarian system he himself has created in Belarus, and is driven toward creating ever-new restrictions and repression.
		Observers predict Lukashenka will announce the referendum this autumn, and that it may be held at the beginning of next year.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/news/2003/07/mil-030710-rfel-155308.htm (951 words)

	Belarus: Lukashenka Eyes Union With Ukraine - RADIO FREE EUROPE / RADIO LIBERTY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Meeting in the Belarusian capital with a group of Ukrainian journalists, President Lukashenka informed them that Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko had "announced" that he will not be coming to the CIS summit on November 28, proposed the formation of a Ukrainian-Belarusian state, and even admitted to rigging Belarus's last presidential election.
		The same month, Lukashenka was reelected for his third-straight term in a ballot that was internationally decried as deeply flawed and fraudulent.
		If Lukashenka, in fact, went to such lengths to be recognized by Europe to no avail, then it is easy to understand why Lukashenka is becoming increasingly bitter toward Europe, in particular, and the West in general.
	rfe.rferl.org /featuresarticle/2006/11/b95b3bfa-932e-4317-8c22-99589908ea27.html (1263 words)

	Russia, Belarus - JRL 10-26-04 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		As expected, President Lukashenka further tightened his stranglehold on power and got the green light to run for a third term in 2006.
		Lukashenka is still hesitant about giving the go-ahead to his parliament to ratify documents providing for the transfer to Russia ownership of the oil pipelines that cross Belarusian territory.
		Second, Lukashenka is the main opponent to the creation of the Union State, who consistently tries to limit Russia's influence in Belarus.
	www.cdi.org /russia/Johnson/8426-8.cfm (872 words)

	Lukashenka: Following in Saddam Hussein's Footsteps? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Lukashenka has also ignored actions of the Constitutional Court (the equivalent of the US Supreme Court) striking down some of his decrees as unconstitutional.
		But now Lukashenka has a tight grip on parliament - as shown by his organization of local leaders in making sure the referendum votes went the way he wanted, and also by the fact that now some of the parliamentary seats are not electoral at all, but subject to Lukashenka's appointment.
		That includes even governmental officials themselves, such as Vladimir Zametalin, a close aide and deputy head of Lukashenka's administration, who was transferred to head the state press committee in January, without any reason given.
	www.angelfire.com /biz/rabidtigers/belarus.html (1145 words)

	[No title]
		President Alyaksandr Lukashenka heads an autocratic regime that disregards basic political rights and civil liberties, and the country's economic system is indistinguishable from that of the former Soviet command system.
		Opposition parties claimed that Lukashenka received 47 percent of the vote and Goncharik 41 percent.
		In 2001, Russian President Vladimir Putin failed to give Lukashenka a clear endorsement in the presidential election and made clear that "a necessary precondition of [the union] is commitment to.
	www.freedomhouse.org /inc/content/pubs/fiw/inc_country_detail.cfm?country=541&pf (1455 words)

	US Ambassador admits Washington is subverting the Belarus presidential election (by Stephen Gowans) - Media Monitors ...
		Lukashenka, long demonized in the Western press, has come in for some particularly harsh treatment in the runup to the September 9th election.
		Lukashenka is said to believe that the economy should serve the people, not the other way around, an out-of-fashion idea, and not one Washington is prepared, or has ever been prepared, to tolerate.
		Lukashenka is a marked man. And all because he thinks the economy should serve the people.
	www.mediamonitors.net /gowans25.html (1506 words)

	Postscript: Belarusians Go To the Polls - Council on Foreign Relations
		Lukashenka, who held a referendum last year to eliminate presidential term limits, should coast to an easy victory, experts predict.
		But Lukashenka's reported popularity, experts say, is due more to his clampdown on freedoms of expression and the use of propaganda than to economic indicators.
		Lukashenka is not expected to tolerate the kind of grassroots protests that followed unfair elections in Georgia or Ukraine.
	www.cfr.org /publication/10128/belarusians_go_to_the_polls.html (2148 words)

	CNN.com - Shadow over Belarus poll - September 8, 2001
		Lukashenka, a former collective farm leader, is aiming to be re-elected for his second five year term as president on September 9.
		Lukashenka, who gained power in 1994, extended his term in 1996 with a referendum which critics said was unfair and illegal.
		Lukashenka counters that the West is trying to overthrow him.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/WORLD/europe/09/07/belarus.elections/index.html (473 words)

	Committee on International Relations, U.S. House of Representatives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		However, many in the Russian leadership have exasperated with Lukashenka’s antics, and even those with lower democracy standards may finally recognize that the dictator is becoming a liability for Moscow.
		To facilitate Lukashenka’s road from presidency back to the farm, or from Minsk to Pyongyang, the opposition and supporters of Belarussian freedom should take several joint steps.
		Expanding a domestic and international campaign to publicly investigate disappearance of Lukashenka’s political opponents; appointment of an international public tribunal to that end; initiation of criminal procedures in Europe and the U.S. against those in the president’s circle who ordered and participated in the murder of opposition politicians and journalists.
	www.house.gov /international_relations/108/cohe033104.htm (1248 words)

	BHHRG
		Lukashenka has created a social state in Europe without basing it on democratic values thus proving that an alternative path of development exists, he added.
		Lukashenka has managed to create a welfare state in the very heart of Europe without basing it on European values or democracy.
		Lukashenka has in effect preserved a fragment of the USSR, only in a somewhat updated version.
	www.bhhrg.org /mediaDetails.asp?ArticleID=991 (711 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Russians in Belarus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		President Lukashenka proposes a referendum on the increased ties to Russia, making Russian an official language, and on instituting Soviet-era state symbols (as well as one to allow the president to dissolve parliament, an on-going battle between the president and parliament).
		Lukashenka claimed that Ait proved impossible to ensure smooth work between the president, the Supreme Soviet, and the Constitutional Court and the only solution is constitutional reform (BBC).
		Lukashenka continued to serve as a president although the opposition claims that his term expired and he must step down.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=37001 (3788 words)

	Belarus: Lukashenka Wants To Go His Own Way - RADIO FREE EUROPE / RADIO LIBERTY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The EU has accused Lukashenka of falsifying elections and clamping down on independent media, and has placed a visa ban and asset freeze on the country's top officials.
		Lukashenka has not given any indication that Belarus is prepared for political reform.
		Lukashenka said that the opposition in Belarus was a "group of renegades" who had been unsuccessful members of his team.
	www.rferl.org /featuresarticle/2007/02/7cd73471-a649-4178-8bc9-474d258b9252.html (870 words)

	McCain Seeks End To Lukashenka Regime - Eurasia Daily Monitor
		Lukashenka's response to Senator McCain's remarks was subdued.
		At a time when the international community, and particularly the United States, is prepared to criticize publicly the Lukashenka regime, the opposition, even combined, in an optimistic scenario of what might happen in a new presidential campaign, cannot muster enough support to rival the president.
		Thus the question of Lukashenka's removal is one issue; the matter of who should replace him is another altogether.
	www.jamestown.org /edm/article.php?article_id=2368424 (828 words)

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