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Topic: Lule Sami

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	The Sami of Norway - ExploreNorth
		The Sami language belongs to the Finno-Ugric branch of the Uralic family, and is closely related to the Baltic Sea-Finnish languages, such as Finnish and Estonian and Hungarian.
		Sami cultural heritage is expressed by means of culture days, poetry readings and concerts, the spread and development of handicrafts, literature and graphic arts, as well as through the development of theatre and modern Sami art.
		Sami graphic art and literature, perhaps lyrical poetry in particular, displays a diversity in choice of themes and means of expression.
	www.explorenorth.com /library/culture/sami-norway.html (5506 words)

	Lule Sami - KnowledgeIsFun.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Lule Sami (julevsáme) is a Finno-Ugric, Sami language spoken in Lule Lappmark, i.e., around Luleå Sweden and in the province of Nordland in Norway.
		In Lule Sami, the negative verb conjugates according to tense (past and non-past), mood (indicative and imperative), person (1st, 2nd and 3rd) and number (singular, dual and plural).
		The orthography used for Lule Sámi is written using an extended form of the Latin alphabet.
	www.knowledgeisfun.com /L/Lu/Lule-Sami.php (529 words)

	Untitled
		Thus, the everyday use of the Sami language is decisive in determining a person's right to be classified as a Sami and his or her right to vote for representatives to the Sami Parliament or be eligible for election.
		Sami was taught in the schools, and new institutions were established, such as the Sami Collections in Karasjok and the South Sami Collections, a museum and cultural centre for the South Sami, in South Trøndelag county.
		Major elements of the Sami cultural tradition are the yoik (Sami music which consists of rhythmic sung poems or poetic songs) the Sami language and legends, turf huts, shamanism, folk medicine, Sami national dress, the use of reindeer sleds for transport, the making of carved wares, and a knowledge of ecology.
	www.troms-slekt.com /pedigrees/larry/sami.htm (4049 words)

	Permanent Mission of Sweden to the United Nations - 21 May 2003
		Sami children are allowed to complete their compulsory education in Sami schools instead of public elementary schools.
		Sami schools are comprised of grades 1 — 6 and the education is equal to public education.
		Sami languages are still in a language-changing process and the government try to find economic possibilities for municipalities to write agreements with the Sami School Board so that education in history, culture and language is possible for all Sami children.
	www.swedenabroad.com /pages/general____13032.asp (845 words)

	Sami in Sweden - SWEDEN.SE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		South Sami is spoken in the four southernmost counties of Västerbotten and Jämtland as well as near the Sami geographical border in Härjedalen and Dalarna.
		Sami handicrafts, duodji, are made with nature’s materials and often have soft rounded shapes that are pleasing to the touch but are mainly functional.
		Sami places of sacrifice and holy objects, seitar, became a threat to Christianity, so threats of worldly punishment were made if the Sami did not abandon their faith.
	www.sweden.se /templates/cs/FactSheet____15486.aspx (1598 words)

	Nordic Culture > The Sami languages - Scandinavica.com
		Northern Sami is the largest-spoken Sami language, used by a 75% of all the Sami-speaking population.
		Lule Sami is the second largest Sami language with an estimated of 1,500-2,000 speakers across Norway and Sweden.
		Kemi Sami was spoken in the southernmost regions of Finnish Lapland and neighbouring Russia until the 1850s and was quite close to Inari Sami and Skolt Sami.
	www.scandinavica.com /culture/language/saami.htm (917 words)

	Olle Engstrand, ‘Durational patterns of Lule Sami phonology’ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Olle Engstrand, ‘Durational patterns of Lule Sami phonology’.
		Four experiments have been conducted to explore durational patterns underlying various aspects of Lule Sami phonology.
		This, however, seems to be a particular effect of grade alternation since, as shown in experiment 4 (1 subject), Lule Sami recognizes the general tendency for syllable duration to correlate negatively with word length.
	www.ling.su.se /staff/olle/1987c.html (173 words)

	Sami in Sweden
		The studies showed that the way the Sami language was taught in Sami schools and compulsory schools was not particularly effective, especially for children who had a low level of knowledge of Sami at the start of their schooling.
		Sami began as an elective in 1978 for teacher trainees of 7 to 13 year olds at the School of Education in Luleå.
		Sami Studies at Umeå University offers courses in North Sami each year at the A and B levels and Lule and South Sami are offered every other year at the A and B levels.
	www1.fa.knaw.nl /mercator/regionale_dossiers/regional_dossier_sami_in_sweden.htm (5248 words)

	sametinget - The Sami Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Sami language has a largeness in vocabulary when it comes to describing relationship to relatives, the nature, the weather and the reindeer.
		Many Sami people, who were born in the1960's and 70's, have not learnt the native language from their parents.
		It stipulates that Sami have the right to use their mother tongue in contacts with the authorities in the municipalities of Kiruna, Gällivare, Jokkmokk and Arvidsjaur.
	www.sametinget.se /sametinget/view.cfm?oid=1493&sat=no (614 words)

	Sami history.
		Many Sami's flee from the the area, so a large part of the provinces previously used by Pite and Lule Sami's is depopulated.
		The settlers moved into the areas "unused" by the Sami's, farming and cattleranches was a source of livelihood which contrasted strongly with the traditional Sami lifestyle.
		Some Sami's in the forestarea founded homesteads on their own land, but until the 1970's there was a law stating that a Sami wasn't allowed to build a house larger than a rather modest size.
	boreale.konto.itv.se /history.htm (2105 words)

	BÁIKI The North American Sami Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Forming the basis of the Riksdag's decision in December 1992 was the state hearing on Sami rights initiated in the beginning of the 1980s.
		The hope of the Sami people was that the creation of a Sami Parliament would signal the beginning of a new epoch with increased Sami influence and self determination regarding questions of occupation, culture and language.
		The Sami Siiddat of North America is a confederation of regional organizations with members who share the heritage of the Sami culture of Northern Scandinavia and Finland.
	www.baiki.org /content/links.htm (513 words)

	U.S.ENGLISH Foundation Official Language Research - Sweden: Legislation
		The new Swedish legislation guaranteeing the right to use the Sami, Finnish and Meänkieli languages in several spheres of the public life came into force on April 1, 1999.
		According to the Ministry of Culture the objective of this law is to strengthen the use and the presence of the abovementioned languages in the territories considered as their own.
		According to the law, an individual has the right to use Sámi in oral and written communication with authorities and in the courts when a case is related to the administrative area.
	www.us-english.org /foundation/research/olp/viewResearch.asp?CID=29&TID=1 (1123 words)

	Sami/Saami/Lapp language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Sami is a Finno-Ugric language with about 20,000 speakers.
		The main dialects of Sami are: Northern Sami, spoken by about 15,000 people in Norway, Sweden and Finland; Lule Sami, with about 1,500 speakers in Norway and Sweden; Kildin Sami, spoken in the Kola peninsula of Russia by about 650 people, and Southern Sami, with around 600 speakers in Sweden and Norway.
		Sami languages spoken in Finland include Inari Sami and Skolt Sami, which is also spoken in the Kola peninsula.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/saami.htm (281 words)

	Sorting It All Out : Any Sami speakers reading this blog? :-)
		The exact information was sketchy (admittedly it may just be that I did not understand the information) but apparently there may be different cases where genitive month forms would sometimes be used and sometimes not, depending on the format being used and whether the month name comes before or after the day.
		When the Sami locales were added in Windows XP SP2, there was no information of the collation used by any of the nine.
		There are likely to be plenty of Sami speakers who can read your blog but have no useful opinion on the written Sami language because they were mostly taught the language of the majority population.
	blogs.msdn.com /michkap/archive/2005/11/11/491211.aspx (1199 words)

	Lule Sami (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		With 1,500 to 2,000 speakers it is the second largest of all Sami languages.
		Sámásta Lule Sami lessons and resources (in Swedish)
		Lule Sámi grammar in Norwegian(Currently only covers pronouns).
	en.askmore.net /Lule_Sami.htm (488 words)

	The Sami homeland, Samieh Eatneme, Sapmi.
		Even though the Sami's are one people that share a common past, there has been a lot of differentiation over the ages.
		The Sami's are not such a homogeneous group one could be made to believe after reading some of the descriptions found in english literature and on some websites.
		The Sami language also differs quite a lot from area to area, and when one person travels from one end of the Sami nation to the other the difference gets that large that the dialects gets mutually incomprehensible.
	boreale.konto.itv.se /laante.htm (1021 words)

	GeoNative - Sámi & Kven in Norway
		More about Sami languages and speakers, special Sami characters, Links and placenames from Finland, Sweden and Russia in this other page.
		Hegoalderago, oraindik Lule Samiera eta Hego Samieraz ere mintzo dira zenbait Nordland, Trøndelag eta Hedmark erregioetan.
		In those areas North Sami is spoken, further south there are still speakers of Lule Sámi and South Sámi in Nordland, the Trøndelag counties and Hedmark.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/sami-no.html (414 words)

	World Report 357, January/February 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Sami people had travelled great distances to Jokkmokk, on the Arctic Circle in northern Sweden, to join in the great celebration marking the publication of the Lule Sami New Testament.
		The publication of the New Testament in modern Lule Sami is an important step for the language because it could herald a revival among the Lule Sami in the use of their mother tongue.
		Afterwards 400 Lule Sami who had attended the celebration were presented with their own New Testaments.
	www.biblesociety.org /wr_357/357_24.htm (492 words)

	SAMIS or Lapps
		This tract of land, extending over four countries, is 2000 km long, covering almost 400,000 sq.
		In the past the Sami territory used to reach farther South, but under the pressure of other peoples they have been forced to move northwards.
		Sami Parliaments are convened in Norway, Finland and Sweden as advisory assemblies.
	www.suri.ee /eup/samis.html (924 words)

	Laestadianism and the Loss of the Traditional Sámi Worldview
		One of the first well-known missionaries, Pietist Thomas von Westen, was a part of this turn of events and is representative of the growing opposition to the traditional worldview.
		According to Rydving, even during the harshest of the missionary activity among the Lule Sámi, “several of the sacred places on the intermediate level were still used, however, but secretly.
		Sami Culture in a New Era: The Norwegian Sami Experience.
	www.utexas.edu /courses/sami/diehtu/siida/christian/vulle.htm (8092 words)

	moren (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A complete and systematic description of the phonetics and phonology of Lule Sami is currently lacking in the literature.
		In addition, Lule Sami (like other Sami languages) is one of the few known languages that seem to have a bias for large syllable rimes, including three phonologically relevant degrees of consonant length (e.g.
		A detailed study of Lule Sami sound structure is needed to make the language more visible to the scientific community thus prompting broader international recognition of the language and to provide a host of practical and pedagogical resources for educators, community leaders, language policy makers, etc.
	www.hum.uit.no /lapponic/abstracts/Moren.html (433 words)

	Sámi Culture in the Nordic Countries
		In the Lule Sámi area there are several children who are learning the language at home and in the school.
		The colleges in Nordland and Nord Tøndelag are assigned a special responsibility for Lule and South Sámi higher education, while the culture centers in Tysfjord, Hattfjelldal and Snåsa contribute courses and follow-up efforts on the cultural side.
		In Norway the three most important dialects are North Sámi, Lule Sámi (Tysfjord-Hamarøy) and South Sámi (south of Saltfjellet, Trøndelagfylkene, as well as portions of Hedmark).
	www.utexas.edu /courses/sami/diehtu/newera/samiculturenordic.htm (16117 words)

	How to use the Sámi morphological parsers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		We assume that you have a separate window for analysis, and that you are in the sme/ (etc.) catalogue when you analyse.
		Then write Sami words in their dictionary forms, followed by grammatical information.
		The format is given in the table in the file The grammatical tags.Note that the Southern Sámi sma.fst handles capital letters and ï-i variation, but that it only accepts correct "ïquot; when you write in the base forms in the generator.
	www.divvun.no /doc/tools/docu-sme-manual.html (765 words)

	World Report 358, March 2001 #07 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Norway’s Lule Sami population is a mere 700 – just under half that of Sweden – and most of them live in the Tysfjord area.
		Many Sami who are now in their 50s or 60s did not receive education in their own everyday language at school.
		But because Lule Sami is primarily an oral language, the less it is spoken, the less it is remembered and passed on, and so the greater is the threat to its existence.
	www.biblesociety.org /wr_358/358_07.htm (359 words)

	Lengua Sami
		Las lenguas sami están especialmente relacionadas con las balto-finesas, una rama de la familia urálica, de la cual el finés es una lengua próxima pues la división en el tronco baltofinés-sami se produjo hacia el 2500 a.
		En la literatura las variantes sami han sido tratadas como dialectos a causa de su correspondencia uniforme en fonología y la similitud en gramática y vocabulario, pero seis de las variantes regionales tienen formas estandarizadas de escritura, por lo que es más justificable hablar en su caso de lenguas.
		Las lenguas sami comparten muchas características con las lenguas balto-finesas (finés, estonio, carelio, etc.) aunque no son cercanas a ninguna de ellas.
	www.proel.org /mundo/sami.htm (551 words)

	Ice-Floe: Contributors by Language: Sami, Shetlandic, Swedish, Veps, Yu'pik (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Pathfinder, a Sami language film which he co-wrote and acted in, was nominated for an Academy Award in 1998.
		Oktyabrina Voronova (1934-1990) is a Russian Sami of the Kola Peninsula.
		She published three books of poems which were translated into Russian and helped create Sami texts for primary schools in Russia.
	www.icefloepress.org /countries6.shtml (1698 words)

	Olle Engstrand, ‘Preaspiration and the voicing contrast in Lule Sami’ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Olle Engstrand, ‘Preaspiration and the voicing contrast in Lule Sami’.
		This experiment investigates the role of voice offset time (the durational aspect of preaspiration), closure duration and voice onset time as phonetic carriers of the voiced-voiceless contrast in Lule Sami word-medial stop consonants.
		Spectrographic measurements were made on speech samples produced by 7 subjects.
	www.ling.su.se /staff/olle/1987b.html (125 words)

	GeoNative - Sápmi - Lappland (Samiland) - Laponia
		70.000 Sami inguru daude, gehienak Norvegian, baina erdiak baino gutxiago egiten du samieraz.
		Some count three distinct languages: East Sami, Central Sami and South Sami, with Central Sami including North Sami, Pite Sami and Lule Sami.
		Northern Sami is the most widely spoken Sami language.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/sami.html (467 words)

	Sámi drums or «runebommer»
		First, most features shared by Lule and Pite Sámi drums are also common to Ume and North Sámi ones, so the suggested
		Characterised by a horizontal line dividing the drum in a smaller upper and a larger lower field.
		The Lule Sámi drums again have a representation of the sun centrally placed in the lower field, but here it is circular rather than cross-shaped.
	old.no /samidrum (1667 words)

	LIBOR SZTEMON'S TRUE TYPE FONTS
		Lule Sámi, Romany, Albanian, Irish and Manx Gaelic, Kurmanji, Spanish, Galician, Malay and many other various languages...
		Lule Sámi, Albanian, Irish and Manx Gaelic, Kurmanji, Spanish, Galician,
		Kurmanji (Kurdish), Albanian, Estonian, Finnish, Votic, Vepsian, Lule Sámi, Azeri, Turkish, Turkmen, Gagauz, Tagalog, Samoan, Quechua, Guarani,
	www.sweb.cz /ls78/ttfonts.htm (896 words)

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