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Topic: Lumbar plexus

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	Montvale Rehab & Spinal Care - Celiac Plexus Block
		The celiac plexus is a group of nerves behind the organs of the abdomen.
		The anatomy of the structures surrounding the celiac plexus are complex.
		To increase the success rate and to limit complications, we use the fluoroscopy (low dose x-rays) for guidance in the acute placement of the medication.
	www.montvalerehab.net /page51.php (232 words)

	IX. Neurology. 6d. The Lumbosacral Plexus. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		The anterior cutaneous branch (ramus cutaneus anterior; hypogastric branch) (Fig.
		net-work (subsartorial plexus) with branches of the saphenous and obturator nerves.
		The third is occasionally the lowest nerve which enters the lumbar plexus, giving at the same time some fibers to the sacral plexus, and thus forming the nervus furcalis; or both the third and fourth may be furcal nerves.
	www.bartleby.com /107/212.html (2858 words)

	Sacral plexus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The sacral plexus is formed by the lumbosacral trunk, the anterior division of the first, and portions of the anterior divisions of the second and third sacral nerves.
		The lumbosacral trunk comprises the whole of the anterior division of the fifth and a part of that of the fourth lumbar nerve; it appears at the medial margin of the Psoas major and runs downward over the pelvic brim to join the first sacral nerve.
		The nerves forming the sacral plexus converge toward the lower part of the greater sciatic foramen, and unite to form a flattened band, from the anterior and posterior surfaces of which several branches arise.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sacral_plexus (602 words)

	Early American Manual Therapy
		The explanation is that the uterus by dragging or pressing on the sacral spinal nerves, induces pain in the lumbo-sacral regions and the pain is reflected from the lumbar cord along the ilio-hypogastric, ilio-inguinal, and genito-crural nerves, branches of the lumbar plexus to the hypogastric and inguinal region.
		The nerves in relation are the lumbar plexus, anterior and posterior, the hypogastric plexus connected to the lumbar plexus by the rami communicantes, and the sacral plexus.
		The ovarian plexus consists of nerve strands derived from the hypogastric plexus and the ganglia in the lumbar lateral sympathetic chain, and the nerves passing along the ovarian artery.
	www.meridianinstitute.com /eamt/files/robinson/Rob1ch23.htm (9500 words)

	New York School Of Regional Anesthesia - Lumbar Plexus Block
		The lumbar plexus consists of five nerves on each side, the first of which emerges between the first and second lumbar vertebra and the last one between the last lumbar vertebra and the base of the sacrum.
		The major branches of the lumbar plexus are the genitofemoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, femoral, and obturator nerves.
		Successful lumbar plexus blockade depends on the dispersion of the local anesthetic in the fascial plane (psoas muscle) where the roots of the plexus are situated.
	www.nysora.com /techniques/lumbar_plexus_block (2577 words)

	Chapter 30: Blood vessels, lymphatic drainage and nerves of the abdomen
		The celiac plexus and ganglia are anterior to it in the upper abdomen, and the intermesenteric part of the aortic plexus covers its anterior aspect at a lower level.
		The term "lumbosacral plexus" is used for the lumbar plexus proper (which is formed by L2 to 4) and the sacral plexus (which is formed by L4 to S4).
		Figure 30-7 The lumbar plexus in relation to the muscular layers of the abdominal wall.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~humananatomy/part_5/chapter_30.html (2919 words)

	CME/CE/CPE Pain Articles
		The lumbosacral plexus is comprised of two distinct portions: the lumbar plexus and the sacral plexus, each innervating a different part of the lower limb (Figure 1.
		The lumbar plexus is formed by the ventral primary rami of L1-4 with contributions from the ventral rami of L4 and T12.
		The sacral plexus is formed from the union of the lumbosacral trunk with the ventral rami of the 1st through 4th sacral nerves (Figure 2.
	www.pain.com /sections/professional/cme_article/article.cfm?id=256 (1887 words)

	[No title]
		Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves The lumbar splanchnic nerves are made from branches of the lumber sympathetic trunk (which also supplies somatic branches for the lower abdominal wall and the lower limb).
		Aortic plexus The aortic plexus is a continuous network of nerves from the aortic hiatus to the bifurcation of the aorta.
		Lumbar splanchnic nerves are the medial branches of the lumbar sympathetic chain ganglion.
	www.med.unc.edu /~kimplera/classes/anatomy/pall.doc (9561 words)

	UAMS Department of Anatomy - Nerves
		intermesenteric plexus is continuous with the superior mesenteric plexus; it continues inferiorly as the inferior mesenteric plexus and superior hypogastric plexus; intermesenteric plexus does not carry vagal parasympathetic fibers; located anterior to the abdominal aorta between the superior and inferior mesenteric aa.
		ventral primary rami of spinal nerves L1-L4 branches of the lumbar plexus: iliohypogastric n., ilioinguinal n., genitofemoral n., lateral femoral cutaneous n., femoral n., obturator n., lumbosacral trunk (considered to be part of sacral plexus), brs.
		the uterovaginal plexus is a subsidiary plexus of the inferior hypogastric plexus
	www.ucd.ie /vetanat/perineum/nerves.htm (3169 words)

	AANS.org \| Education and Meetings \| AANS Scientific Journals \| Neurosurgical Focus
		The first case in which the lumbar spine was exposed via an anterior approach reported in the literature in the 1930s by Capener[11] and Burns[10] who detailed their experiences with transperitoneal approaches for the treatment of spondylolisthesis.
		This lumbar muscular portion has two origins: one is the median and lateral arcuate ligaments, which are fibrous arches over the psoas and quadratus muscles, respectively; the other is from the crura, which arise from the bodies of the upper lumbar vertebrae and ascend to where they are attached to the central tendon.
		In the case of a complete lesion of the lumbar plexus the patient would present with paresis and atrophy in the distribution of the femoral and obturator nerves: weakness of thigh flexion, leg extension, thigh eversion, and thigh adduction.
	www.aans.org /education/journal/neurosurgical/dec99/7-6-9.asp (8203 words)

	LUMBAR PLEXUS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Lumbar Plexus is formed by the loops of communication between the anterior branches of the four upper lumbar nerves.
		The plexus is narrow above, and occasionally connected with the last dorsal by a slender branch, the dorsi lumbar nerve; it is broad below, where it is joined to the sacral plexus by the lumbo-sacral.
		It supplies muscular branches to the Iliacus, Pectineus, and all the muscles on the front of the thigh, excepting the Tensor vaginae femoris; cutaneous filaments to the front and inner side of the thigh, and to the leg and foot; and articular branches to the knee.
	spinalnerves.net /lumbarplexus.html (2227 words)

	Innervation
		L2-L4 From lumbar plexus it emerges from the lateral psoas border and innervates the iliacus and extensors of the knee
		Transverse and ascending supplied by nerves from the superior mesenteric plexus and the descending colon is supplied by the hypogastric plexus around the inferior mesenteric artery -as is the sigmoid – the parasympathetics come from the pelvic splanchnic nerves and the sympathetics from the lumber section of the sympathetic trunk.
		The lumbar splanchnic nerves arise from the abdominal portion of the sympathetic trunk.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /teversal/myweb/Anatomy/Innervation.htm (1868 words)

	MEDNEMO.it - Il sito noprofit del Dott. Luigi Vicari
		A computed tomographic scan was obtained in 35 patients to measure the depth and the relationship of the branches of the lumbar plexus to the posterior superior iliac spine projection and the vertebral column.
		The depth of the lumbar plexus and the distance between the lumbar plexus and the L4 transverse process were measured.
		Before lumbar plexus branch stimulation and catheter insertion, anesthesiologists should be aware of the L4 transverse process location and lumbar plexus depth.
	www.mednemo.it /abstracts/dolore/2002/giugno/250602pain.htm (1780 words)

	Anatomy Tables - Posterior Abdominal Wall, Lumbar Plexus & Introduction to the Pelvis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		lumbar plexus (ventral primary rami of spinal nerves L2-L4)
		lumbar plexus (ventral primary rami of spinal nerves L2-L3)
		lumbar plexus is noted for its variable branching pattern of nerves that supply the abdominal wall
	anatomy.med.umich.edu /pelvis/intro_pelvis_tables.html (2101 words)

	Lab Manual - Lumbar Plexus & Introduction to the Pelvis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Describe the nerves of the lumbar plexus in terms of their: spatial relationship to the posterior abdominal wall muscles; distribution to the abdominal wall, the genital region, and the lower limb; and categorization into purely cutaneous nerves and those which also innervate muscles.
		Locate the lumbar sympathetic trunk and white and gray rami communicantes; explain the reason for the inferior limit of the white rami.
		Fragment and remove the left psoas major (and minor if present) and examine the lumbar plexus of nerves and white and gray rami of the lumbar sympathetic trunk.
	med.umich.edu /lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/pelvis/intro_pelvis.html (860 words)

	Newsletter 16 Applications
		When the hip is flexed to an angle of 30¡ to 60¡ during a straight leg raise, the roots of the sacral plexus move an average of 2 to 4 mm caudally.
		During lumbar spine flexion with the hips in neutral, the sacral plexus roots move in a direction similar to that observed in the last 30¡ of straight leg raise.
		Experimental lumbar radiculopathy: Immunohistochemical and quantitative demonstrations of pain induced by lumbar nerve root irritation of the rat.
	www.iaom-us.com /archive/newsletter/nletterOld/news16/n16-appl.htm (2949 words)

	Combined paravertebral lumbar plexus and parasacral sciatic nerve block for reduction of hip fracture in a patient with ...
		Combined paravertebral lumbar plexus and parasacral sciatic nerve block for reduction of hip fracture in a patient with severe aortic stenosis
		lumbar plexus block was found in four of 45 patients studied.
		Posterior approach to the lumbar plexus combined with a sciatic nerve block using lidocaine.
	www.cja-jca.org /cgi/content/full/49/9/946 (1971 words)

	Nerve Blocks for Anaesthesia and Analgesia of the Lower Limb (page 3)
		It is derived from the lumbar plexus and in fact lies within the same fascial envelope as the lumbar plexus.
		This important fact may be utilised to block most of the nerves originating in the lumbar plexus with a single injection distally, as local anaesthetic can be made to spread proximally within this plane.
		The plexus lies on the quadratus lumborum muscle and behind the psoas major muscle and is invested in a fascial sheath derived from these two muscles.
	www.nda.ox.ac.uk /wfsa/html/u11/u1112_03.htm (1634 words)

	Instant Anatomy - Site Map
		Instant Anatomy - Abdomen - Vessels - Veins - Prostatic plexus
		Instant Anatomy - Abdomen - Nerves - Lumbar plexus - diagrammatic
		Instant Anatomy - Abdomen - Nerves - Lumbar plexus - topographical
	www.instantanatomy.net /sitemap.html (11851 words)

	Intermittent claudication due to ischaemia of the lumbosacral plexus -- Wohlgemuth et al. 67 (6): 793 -- Journal of ...
		The distinct clinical syndrome of exercise induced ischaemia of the lumbosacral plexus is not a widely known cause for intermittent
		an exercise induced ischaemia of the lumbar plexus was assumed
		The findings of lumbar imaging were unremarkable, in all patients a spinal stenosis could be excluded.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/67/6/793 (1286 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Lumbar Plexus is formed in the Psoas Muscle from the anterior rami of the upper four lumbar nerves L1, L2,L3 and L4.
		The branches of the plexus emerge from the lateral and medial borders of the muscle and from its anterior surface.
		The Lumbar Plexus a much simpler pattern than the Brachial Plexus in that it consists solely of undivided anterior primary rami and their two divisions - anterior and posterior.
	www.shu.ac.uk /schools/hcs/John/Page3~1.htm (190 words)

	Lumbo
		Initially the fourth lumbar spine is identified from its relationship to the iliac crests.
		The needle is advanced perpendicular to all planes until the transverse process is contacted or the lumbar plexus is stimulated (quadriceps muscle twitch).
		Again, stimulation of the lumbar plexus at this level is recognized by contractions of the quadriceps femoris muscle and rhythmic twitches of the patella.
	www.pitt.edu /~regional/Lumbosacral/Lumbosacral.htm (1052 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Lumbar plexus - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Lumbar plexus: a lymphatic plexus located along the lower portion of the aorta and iliac vessels
		Lumbar plexus : nerve plexus derived from the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves L2\-S3, which gives rise to the nerves that supply the lower extremity.
		A hierarchical classification of Lumbar plexus: The following list attempts to classify Lumbar plexus into categories where each line is subset of the next.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/lumbar_plexus.htm (195 words)

	Posterior Abdominal Wall
		to the esophageal plexus, anterior and posterior vagal trunks
		the 4 lumbar arteries on each side arise from the posterior surface of the aorta at the level of vertebrae L1-L4; they course posterior to the psoas major m.
		between the lumbar vertebral bodies and inferior vena cava (right) or aorta (left) at the upper end of the lumbar chain of nodes
	anatomy.uams.edu /anatomyhtml/postabdominalwall.html (3028 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Lumbar Plexus - (the lumbosacral trunk is the liaison between lumbar and sacral plexuses).
		The Lumbar Plexus can be seen to supply the hip flexors, thigh adductors, knee extensors and the skin over the medial, anterior and lateral thigh and also the medial aspect of the leg and foot.
		From studying the constituents of the Sacral Plexus (where the three components of the sciatic nerve are indicated) now study the gross divisions of the sciatic nerve.
	www.shu.ac.uk /schools/hcs/John/LNERVE~1.HTM (3967 words)

	New York School Of Regional Anesthesia - Continuous Lumbar Plexus Block
		Continuous lumbar plexus blockade is an advanced regional anesthesia technique and adequate experience with the single-shot technique is a prerequisite to ensure its efficacy and safety.
		The landmarks for continuous lumbar plexus block are the same as in the single-shot technique:
		Every patient receiving lumbar plexus block infusion should be prescribed an alternative pain management protocol because incomplete analgesia and catheter dislodgment can occur.
	www.nysora.com /techniques/continuous_lumbar_gen-anat-distrib-pos.htm (1554 words)

	[No title]
		Direct injury to the lumbosacral plexus may result from pelvic fractures, gunshot wounds, and penetrating injuries by other objects and in the neonatal period by forcible breech extractions.
		Authorities differ on whether clinically significant innervation of the iliacus and psoas muscles comes from the beginning of the femoral nerve or from fibers of the lumbar plexus proximal to the origin of the femoral nerve.
		The syndrome of retroperitoneal hemorrhage and lumbar plexus neuropathy during anticoagulant therapy.
	www.pain.com /sections/professional/cme_article/printpage.cfm?id=256 (9708 words)

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