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Topic: Lumiere Brothers

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	Inspiration: Our Technological Seance
		Lumiere Ghosts are also ghost-like personas that have been created over time through their persistence and repetition throughout the environment of the arcade.
		Some Lumiere Ghosts began as images of real people (as with Monroe) but then quickly translated into iconic representations of a form that other people can inhabit over time (such as the image to the left of Monroe which is actually a drag performer reenacting a famous photograph as part of his representation of himself).
		The Lumiere Ghosting Project and the CompuObscura is a reaction against many current video and new media art installations that often appear enraptured with the marvels and immediacy of the image technologies with which the artists are working (Packer and Jordan).
	cla.calpoly.edu /~dgillett/kairos/inspiration_6.html (1667 words)

	The Oldest Movies
		It is said that when the Lumieres showed their film of the arrival of a train at a station, the audience jumped back from the screen as if they were going to be run over by the oncoming train.
		The moving shots from trains and ships in the Lumiere films provide amazing glimpses of the life of cities, conveying a feeling of freedom, of liberation from the bonds of space, that wouldn't be rediscovered in commercial film for another 25 years.
		Another cliche is that the Lumiere films represent the realist pole in cinema, whereas George Melies inspired the fantastic, imaginative aspects.
	www.cinescene.com /dash/lumiere.html (2354 words)

	Michael Apted (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		With the cinématographe, the brothers were able to chronicle daily events outside the studio.
		Soon, attending the cinema was all the rage and this led the brothers to head to England, Belgium, Germany, and Holland to demonstrate their wonderful cinématographe.
		Fortunately, by the time the brothers "retired" from filmmaking, there were plenty of artists to replace them.
	journalism.wlu.edu /J338/lumiere.htm (409 words)

	Institut Lumiere - English - Museum
		The appliance is described in detail in the February 13th 1895 patent taken out jointly by the Lumière brothers (as was their custom), even though it was Louis who had uncovered the principle.
		This principle is summarized as follows in the preamble to the patent: " The basic property of this appliance’s mechanism is to act intermittently on a regularly perforated strip to transmit successive displacements to it separated by stationary periods, during which photographic images are either exposed or viewed ".
		It is very difficult to determine the precise moment at which the Lumière brothers started to work on the screening of motion pictures, their recollections on this point are contradictory.
	www.institut-lumiere.org /english/lumiere/scinematographe.html (1115 words)

	EarlyCinema.com
		Unlike Edison, the Lumière Brothers were quick to patent the Cinématographe outside of their native France, applying for an English Patent on April 18th 1895.
		Their catalogues grew from 358 titles in 1897 to 1000 in 1898 to 2113 in 1903; although out of the 2113 titles in the 1903 catalogue, less than 50 were the brothers.
		In 1900 the brothers projected a film on a huge 99 x 79 foot screen at the Paris Exposition, after which they decided to curtail their film exhibitions and devote their time to the manufacture and sale of their inventions.
	www.earlycinema.com /pioneers/lumiere_bio.html (758 words)

	First Filmmaker: Lumieres at International House (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It includes the Lumieres' first public exhibition of the moving pictures, which was presented before 33 spectators at the Grand Cafe in Paris on December 28, 1895.
		Pioneers in silent shorts, the Lumieres crafted "actualities", or shorts depicting everyday people doing everyday activities that are made extraordinary through the mutative force of the camera.
		Fremaux is the artistic director of the Institut Lumiere.
	www.upenn.edu /almanac/v42/n25/lumiere.html (260 words)

	The Lumiere brothers presented in History section
		Though Thomas Edison is often widely considered the father of “moving pictures,” French inventors Louis Lumiere and Auguste Lumiere were technologically and artistically of equal or greater importance to the development of cinema.
		The brothers were fascinated by the movie camera, but horrified at its expense.
		The Lumiere Brothers quickly sent movie photographers to photograph exotic places in various parts of the world because people wanted to see moving images of distant countries and peoples.
	www.newsfinder.org /site/comments/the_lumiere_brothers (683 words)

	principal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The french brothers Auguste and Louis Lumiére, creators of the "Cinematograph", were the responsible for founding the basis of the movies, as "the showing of lively pictures projected in a white screen".
		The Lumiére Brothers also sought, besides the technical exploration of cinematography, a commercial exploration, and so they sent many cinematographers around the world to register several facts and events to provide the public with various new movies.
		After they abandoned their researches in the area of photography and movies, the Lumiére Brothers continued to explore other areas of science, leaving for other filmmakers the exploration of the artistic and industrial potential of the movies.
	www.eba.ufmg.br /midiaarte/quadroaquadro/genese/lumiere_ingl.htm (310 words)

	Auguste and Louis Lumière - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Lumière brothers, Auguste Marie Louis Nicholas (19 October 1862, Besançon, France – 10 April 1954, Lyon) and Louis Jean (5 October 1864, Besançon, France – 6 June 1948, Bandol), were among the earliest filmmakers.
		It was not until their father retired in 1892 that the brothers set to work to create moving pictures.
		The brothers stated that "the cinema is an invention without any future" and declined to sell their camera to other filmmakers such as Georges Méliès.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lumiere_Brothers (807 words)

	Remote Control : Lumiere and Company (1995)
		In 1895, Louis and August Lumiere patented the Cinematographe, a box-like device that not only worked as a camera, but processed the film it took, and doubled as a projector.
		The first films of the Lumiere brothers ranged from charming little scenes of Fin de Siecle French life — women with babies, trains arriving — to exotic shots taken in remote regions of the world.
		Patrice Leconte, in face, goes to the same railway station in La Ciotat where the Lumieres filmed a train arriving at the station, and sets his camera in the same spot to record the arrival of a train a hundred years later —subsequently proving that sooner or later, everything gets remade.
	www.pifmagazine.com /vol28/v_lumiere_company.shtml (597 words)

	Lumiere - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lumiere is a skyscraper development that is due to commence construction in early 2007 in Leeds, United Kingdom.
		It is a second phase to the redevelopment of a Royal Mail sorting office which has already seen a 65 m tall former Royal Mail office reclad to become apartments called West Central.
		The construction of Lumiere will comprise of two towers of a height of 54 storeys / 171 m and 32 storeys / 112 m both of which are to be clad in glass with the taller tower to be predominantly blue and the smaller tower to be of a reddish texture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lumiere (278 words)

	UCB Media Resources Center Exhibit: The Lumiere Brothers
		On December 28, 1895, brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière staged the world's first public film screening in the basement lounge of the Grand Café on the Boulevard des Capucines in Paris.
		Ironically, the Lumière Brothers believed motion pictures to be a medium without a future because they suspected that people would tire of images that could just as easily be seen by walking out into the street.
		Nonetheless, their film sequence of a train pulling into the station reportedly caused audiences to run out of the café, screaming and ducking for cover as they believed that the train itself was about to plow into the theater.
	www.lib.berkeley.edu /MRC/reellife/lumiere.htm (602 words)

	LUMIERE BROTHERS FILMS - HISTORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Ironically as we look back in retrospect in comparison to what film has developed into today, the Lumiere Brothers believed it to be a medium without a future as they suspected that people would bore of images that they could just as easily see by walking out into the street.
		Born in the Haute-Saone District in 1862 and 1864, with Auguste being the elder, the Lumiere family eventually settled in Lyon.
		The Lumiere Brothers have been credited with over 1,425 different short films and had even filmed aerial shots years before the very first aiplane would take to the skies.
	www.holonet.khm.de /visual_alchemy/lumiere.html (271 words)

	EuroScreenwriters - Interviews with European Film Directors - The Lumiere Brothers
		The Lumière Brothers' First Films is an amazing journey that provides us with an enlightening portrait of the birth of cinema.
		In later years, he claimed that the films were made to simply "reproduce life." And many critics have pointed to these films as part of a realistic tradition--in contrast to the fantastic works of Georges Melies.
		But the Lumières also created comedy films, such as a delightful film called "Mechanical delicatessen trade," which shows a pig being loaded into one end of a box, and after a large wheel is set in motion, the workers open the other side of the box and pull out sausages, hams, and other pork products.
	zakka.dk /euroscreenwriters/interviews/lumiere_brothers.htm (1008 words)

	Pro AV Magazine
		• The Lumière brothers, Auguste and Louis, were born in 1862 (Auguste) and 1864 (Louis) in Besancon, France.
		• The brothers are credited with inventing the cinematograph, reported to be the world’s first camera/projector.
		The brothers, along with their father Antoine, sold about 15 million plates a year before they got involved in motion pictures.
	proav.pubdyn.com /Fascinating_Facts/Septemb912200525238PM.htm (274 words)

	First Motion Picture Screening Shocks French Audience
		Although this is the Lumiere brothers' first public screening, they have been testing the cinematograph on private audiences since May.
		The Lumiere brothers credit their father, Antoine Lumiere, for giving them the idea of developing a cinematograph.
		The Lumiere brothers have a small collection of films they were testing their cinematograph on, most of which were shot by Louis.
	www.dailypast.com /showbiz/first-movie.shtml (873 words)

	Lumière & Company - Movie Commentary by Scott Ventura (FeedMyEgo.com)
		The crank powered a sprocket drive to move film past a lens, and a wheel with a notch cut out to be selective about when light could reach the film.
		I suspect this last one was a reflection of budget contraints (the camera uses its own sprocket arrangement, requiring the film to be produced explicitly for this project) or an acknowledgement of the operator's arm getting tired.
		I want to hear the directors describing the film they are making in an interview setting, as many of them don't stand all that well on their own.
	feedmyego.com /movies/L/LumiereCompany1995.html (967 words)

	Lumiere - Moviefone
		The Oldest Movies The Lumieres' first movie was of the workers leaving the Lumiere factory.
		The History of the Motion Picture The Frenchman Louis Lumiere is often credited as inventing the first motion picture...
		Lumiere - Cast & Crew, movie showtimes, plot, synopsis, exclusive features, trailers, clips, theater listings, reviews, message boards, dvd, videos, rentals and more on Moviefone.
	movies.aol.com /movie/lumiere/1223994/main (134 words)

	Café Lumiere (2003): Yo Hitoto, Tadanobu Asano - PopMatters Film Review
		Along with the Lumieres' other recordings of daily life, it unlocked the potential of Edison's early camera, the kinetoscope, lifting it from invention to art.
		Café Lumiere seems almost a statement of purpose for cinema: to capture the reality of a moment without losing sight of the permanence imbued by the act of recording.
		Café Lumiere was commissioned to mark the 100th birthday of pioneering director Yasujiro Ozu, whose career stretched from 1929 through 1962, and whose films (including Tokyo Story [1953] and Floating Weeds [1959]) famously developed formal conventions initiated by the Lumieres.
	www.popmatters.com /film/reviews/c/cafe-lumiere.shtml (713 words)

	reverse shot : online : winter 2004
		Confronting modernism in the cinema is almost unavoidable, perhaps because its apparatus came to life around the same time as the modern metropolitan boom.
		It's the driving motor of early experiments by Edison and the Lumière brothers, and the exciting and/or dangerous encounters that people can experience in the budding metropolis that undergird the work of silent monoliths like F.W. Murnau's Sunrise not to mention Fritz Lang's canonical film school texts Metropolis and M.
		The rise of narrative cinema roughly coincided with the expansion of modern metropolises; the medium was convenient for expressing the anxieties attendant with adjusting to a new, that is urban, way of life.
	www.reverseshot.com /winter04/cafelumiere.html (1613 words)

	The Lumiere Brothers' first films 1897-1899 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Notes: In 1895, on december 28th takes place the first public paying screening of the Cinematographe Lumiere in the Grand Cafe, Paris.
		Les freres Lumiere ont invente "une machine a reproduire la vie"...
		Since 1982, the Institut Lumiere has had its home in the heart of Monplaisir, that historical area of Lyon, France, where the Lumiere brothers invented the Cinematographe and where, in 1895, they shot the first film in the history of the cinema : Sortie d'Usine
	fribourg.com.ar /cinematheque/lumiere.html (214 words)

	Institut Lumiere - English - Museum
		The Lumière Institute joined forces with the Rhône Regional Authorities to design this exhibition as a way of paying tribute to the first-ever colour photographs in the department where they were invented.
		Louis Lumière had already invented instant photographic plates and the Cinematographe when, in late 1903, he and his brother Auguste patented a new process for producing colour photographs : the Autochrome.
		Before the invention of the Autochrome, colours were separated using a complex three-colour process whereby three successive exposures had to be taken and then superimposed onto each other.
	www.institut-lumiere.org /english/lumiere/sautochrome.html (1187 words)

	Mixed Reviews - Lumiere - An Extra Helpings Feature by Martin Scribbs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In 1895, the Lumière brothers were the first to charge an audience to see a motion picture show.
		shorts have, the brothers Lumière had declared "absolutely impossible." Moreover, the shorts use film grammar as it has developed across the intervening century -- the montage, the cut-away, the tracking shot, the close-up, the flashback.
		Reproduction of text in whole or in part in any form or in any medium without express written permission of Mixed Reviews or the author is prohibited.
	www.mixedreviews.net /extrahelpings/2004/lumiere/lumiere.shtml (1401 words)

	lumiere brothers
		The Lumière brothers pioneered movie photography from their father's factory in Lyon, France.
		This is The Lumiere Cinematographe - the first movie camera invented by the Lumière brothers.
		The brothers first showed their films at the Grand Cafe in Paris on 28th December 1895.
	www.terrace.qld.edu.au /academic/lote/french/yr5lumi.htm (419 words)

	Harvard Film Archive: Topics in Film
		This selection of early silent cinema features landmark works from the Lumière Brothers and Georges Méliès.
		Six weeks before the Lumière brothers' legendary screening in Paris of the "first" motion picture, three German brothers in Berlin screened eight film loops.
		In between the acrobatics and juggling that also occupied their life, Max, Eugen, and Emil Skladanowsky had invented the Bioskop.
	www.harvardfilmarchive.org /calendars/03_winter/frames.html (324 words)

	Amazon.com: The Lumiere Brothers' First Films: DVD: Lumiere Brothers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Eighty-five of the silent 50-second "actualities" made by the Lumieres between 1895 and 1897 have been mastered from original 35mm material and are presented here in this first ever authorized video presentation.
		The Lumiere Institute restored each of these gems from the original 35mm film, which cover the tremendous breadth of their work, from their first dolly shot to their recording history in countries around the world.
		This DVD was released in 1996, the same year that 40 international filmmakers such as David Lynch, Spike Lee, Zhang Yimou were allowed to make their own one-minute Lumiere films using the restored original camera for "Lumiere and Company." Not as important as this collection, but certainly an interesting tribute.
	www.amazon.com /Lumiere-Brothers-First-Films/dp/B00000F17D (1018 words)

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