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	Luna 1 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Luna 1 is the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of the Moon and the first of the Luna programme of Soviet automatic interplanetary stations successfully launched in the direction of the Moon.
		On January 2, 1959 Luna 1 became the first ever man-made object to reach the escape velocity of the Earth, when it separated from its 1472 kg third stage.
		Luna 1 passed within 5995 km of the Moon's surface on 4 January after 34 hours of flight.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Luna_1 (408 words)

	Luna 2 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Luna 2 was similar in design to Luna 1, a spherical spacecraft with protruding antennae and instrument parts.
		Luna 1 had provided the first evidence of this phenomenon; and on Luna 2, Gringauz changed the four sensors to a tetrahedral arrangement, instead of planar, to get better measurements of the plasma flux.
		Luna 2 was instrumented with a three component fluxgate magnetometer, similar to that used on Luna 1, but with the dynamic range reduced by a factor of 4 to -750 to +750 nanoteslas (gammas) so that the quantization uncertainty was -12 to +12 nT.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Luna_2 (707 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Luna 1
		Luna 1958C (E-1 series) was the third Soviet spacecraft which was used for mission to the Moon.
		Luna 3, an automatic interplanetary station of the Luna program, was the third spacecraft successfully launched to the Moon and the first to return images of the lunar far side.
		Luna 1975A was a Soviet unmanned space mission, part of the Luna program, and similar to the later Luna 24 mission which successfully collected and returned to Earth a sample of lunar material.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Luna-1 (1980 words)

	Luna
		Lunas were the first manmade objects to attain of escape velocity; to impact on the moon; to photograph the far side of the moon; to soft land on the moon; to retrieve and return lunar surface samples to the earth; and to deploy a lunar rover on the moon's surface.
		Luna 12 was launched towards the Moon from an earth-orbiting platform and achieved a lunar orbit of of 100 km x 1740 km on October 25, 1966.
		Luna 16 was launched toward the Moon from a preliminary earth orbit and entered a lunar orbit on September 17, 1970.
	www.astronautix.com /project/luna.htm (5521 words)

	Luna programme - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Luna programme (occasionally called Lunik) was a series of unmanned space missions sent to the Moon by the Soviet Union between 1959 and 1976.
		Luna 1 missed its intended impact with the Moon and became the first spacecraft to fall into orbit around the Sun.
		Luna 3 rounded the Moon later that year, and returned the first photographs of its far side, which can never be seen from Earth.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Luna_program (648 words)

	Luna
		Lunas were the first manmade objects to reach escape velocity, crash into the Moon, photograph the Moon’s farside, soft land on the Moon, automatically return lunar surface material to Earth, and deploy a rover on the Moon’s surface.
		Luna 3 was launched on a figure-eight trajectory bringing it within 6,200 km of the Moon and around the farside, which was sunlit at the time.
		Luna 16 landed safely on the Moon on Sep. 20, 1970 on the Sea of Fertility and deployed an extendable arm with a drilling rig to collect 100 g of soil and rock.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/L/Luna.html (1696 words)

	Luna 1
		On January 2, 1959, after reaching escape velocity, Luna 1 separated from its 1472 kg third stage.
		The third stage, 5.2 m long and 2.4 m in diameter, travelled along with Lunik I. On 3 January, at a distance of 113,000 km from Earth, a large (1 kg) cloud of sodium gas was released by the spacecraft.
		The measurements obtained during this mission provided new data on the Earth's radiation belt and outer space, including the discovery that the Moon had no magnetic field and that a solar wind, a strong flow of ionized plasma[?] emmanating from the Sun, streamed through interplanetary space.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/lu/Luna_1.html (317 words)

	Luna 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Luna 1 was the first spacecraft to reach the Moon and the first of the Luna program of Soviet automaticinterplanetary stations successfully launched in the direction of the Moon.
		Because of its high velocity and its announcedpackage of various metallic emblems with the Soviet coat of arms, it was concluded that Luna 1 was intended to impact theMoon.
		On 3 January, at a distance of 113,000 km from Earth,a large (1 kg) cloud of sodium gas was released by the spacecraft.
	www.therfcc.org /luna-1-44726.html (320 words)

	Luna 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Luna 1 was the first spacecraft to reach Moon and the first of the Luna program of Soviet automatic interplanetary stations successfully in the direction of the Moon.
		On 3 January at a of 113 000 km from Earth a (1 kg) cloud of sodium gas was released by the spacecraft.
		Luna 1 passed 5995 km of the Moon's surface on January after 34 hours of flight.
	www.freeglossary.com /Luna_1 (564 words)

	luna moth
		Luna moths are one of the most unusual and beautiful of the North American moths known as Saturnidae.
		The luna moth, with a wingspan of 4.5-5.0 inches, is one of the largest moths in North America and is very common in many of the eastern states from Maine all the way to Florida.
		Luna cocoons are papery thin, and pupae outlines can easily be seen when the cocoon is held up to a bright light.
	www.ivyhall.district96.k12.il.us /4th/kkhp/1insects/luna.html (647 words)

	Definition of Luna 2
		Luna 2 was the second of the Luna program of spacecraft launched in the direction of the Moon.
		This space probe Luna 2 was instrumented with a three component fluxgate magnetometer similar to that used on Luna 1 but with the dynamic range reduced by a factor of 4 to -750 to +750 gammas (nanoteslas) so that the quantization uncertainty was -12 to +12 gammas.
		The spacecraft gave results similar to those of Luna 1 in the earth's radiation belts and, upon impact, placed an upper limit of 100 gammas on the lunar magnetic field at the surface.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Luna_2 (503 words)

	Luna 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		"Mechta" NSSDC ID: 61959-012A Description: Luna 1 was the first spacecraft to reach the Moon, and the first of a series of Soviet automatic interplanetary stations suc- cessfully launched in the direction of the Moon.
		On 2 January 1959, after reaching escape velocity, Luna 1 separated from its 1472 kg third stage.
		On 3 January, at a distance of 13,000 km from Earth, a large (1 kg) cloud of sodium gas was released by the spacecraft.
	lunar.arc.nasa.gov /history/timeline/info/luna101.htm (287 words)

	NASA's Solar System Exploration: Missions: By Target: Moon: Past: Luna 1
		Before the flyby, at 00:57 UT on 3 January 1959, the attached upper stage released one kilogram of natrium at a distance of 113,000 kilometers from Earth and was photographed by astronomers on Earth.
		Luna 1 was the first spacecraft to escape Earth's gravity.
		Intended to impact the Moon, Luna 1 missed and instead flew past at a distance of 6,400 km (3,976 miles).
	solarsystem.nasa.gov /missions/profile.cfm?MCode=Luna_01 (196 words)

	1959 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Luna 1 is 426,700 kilometres from Earth and 60,400 kilometres beyond the Moon
		En-route to the Moon, the upper stage of Luna 2's launching rocket releases a cloud of sodium vapour, the glow from which is used to aid visual measurement of the trajectory - it is observed in the constellation Aquarius at a stellar magnitude between 4 and 5
		Luna 3 photographs the hidden side of the Moon from an altitude of 65,200 km altitude - its camera system takes a series of 29 photographs over a period 40 minutes, covering 70% of the surface - film is developed automatically aboard the spacecraft and is then scanned to allow radio transmission of the images
	www.zarya.info /Diaries/1959.htm (494 words)

	Luna 1
		Luna 1 was the first spacecraft to reach the Moon, and the first of a series of Soviet automatic interplanetary stations successfully launched in the direction of the Moon.
		Luna 1 : Although this Soviet spacecraft was the first humanmade object to reach escape velocity, its trajectory was less than accurate due to a problem in the guidance system, and the probe...
		Related: luna 1 :: luna 10 :: luna 16 :: luna 17 :: luna 102 :: luna 15 :: luna 1 first space craft to orbit the sun :: luna 1 launched :: luna 11 :: luna 1 ussr
	www.logicjungle.com /wiki/Luna_1 (328 words)

	Lunar Anomalies
		Luna 7 crashed on the moon when it's retro rockets fired too soon, which is a significant detail in relation to where one assumes the moon's center of gravity to be located in relation to the surface.
		Luna 8 also crashed on the moon, but luna 9 was successful, and became the first spacecraft to soft land on the moon.
		In part 1, I have attempted to demonstrate how evidence from the early lunar space missions showed that something appeared to be lacking in the required effort to land the unmanned spaccraft on the lunar surface.
	www.keelynet.com /unclass/luna.htm (2619 words)

	Starship Modeler - Cutting Edge's Luna 1/2/3 & R-7
		The Luna program was one of the most successful for the Soviets.
		Luna 1 was the first spacecraft to reach the Moon; Luna 2 was the first spacecraft to "land" on the Moon (impacting the lunar surface east of Mare Serenitatis); and Luna 3 was the first to return images of the lunar far side.
		Cutting Edge's 1/144 kit of the R7 booster with Luna 1,2,3 payloads depicts the vehicles used for the first three missions, all flown in 1959.
	www.starshipmodeler.com /real/vh_luna.htm (1279 words)

	Luna 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Luna 1 was the first spacecraft to reach the Moon and the first of the Luna program of Soviet automatic interplanetary stations successfully launched in the direction of the Moon.
		While passing through the outer Van Allen radiation belt, the spacecraft's scintillator made measurements indicating that there are very few high energy particle s in the outer belt.
		The track is a cover of a Spectrum (Sonic Boom's post Spacemen 3 project) and will/might feature on a Club AC30 compilation album at some point.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Luna_1.html (538 words)

	Why the West did not belive in Luna 1
		Luna 1 was the first object to pass the Moon.
		As demonstrated in (1), the only periods for hearing Lunik on 20 MHz was between "proberise" (approximately equal to "moonrise") and sunrise.
		The equipment used in (1) has about 4-5 times more antenna gain that the Stanford setup an it is therefore reasonable that they may have tracked Lunik all the way to the Moon on shortwaves.
	www.svengrahn.pp.se /trackind/luna1/luna1.htm (1373 words)

	ipedia.com: Luna 1 Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Because of its high velocity and its announced package of various metallic emblems with the Soviet coat of arms, it was concluded that Luna 1 was intended to impact the Moon.
		On 3 January, at a distance of 113,000 km from Earth, a large (1 kg) cloud of sodium gas was released by the spacecraft.
		It also served as an experiment on the behavior of gas in outer space.
	www.ipedia.com /luna_1.html (382 words)

	Lo Spazio Bianco - Anteprima Luna #1
		Luna, come progetto, è nato anche per dare spazio ad altri autori, concetto che ci ha trovato in sintonia con la Star che, con Lazarus Ledd ed altre produzioni, ha sempre dato una mano a far emergere molta gente brava.
		Da Rigel a Luna, i toni cambieranno molto, di conseguenza credo anche il ritmo.
		Luna più che definirlo gelidamente "brand", mi piacerebbe chiamarlo "opera", e quest'ultima non ammette la presenza del ciclostile.
	www.lospaziobianco.it /articolo.php?chiave=1810 (2329 words)

	Chronology of Space Exploration
		Luna 2 was the first spacecraft to impact the surface of the moon on September 14, 1959.
		Luna 9 landed on the lunar surface and retuned the first photographs from the surface.
		Phobos 1 was sent to investigate the Martian moon Phobos.
	www.solarviews.com /eng/craft1.htm (7286 words)

	Starship Modeler - Cutting Edge Luna 1/2/3 & R-7 Booster Preview
		Image: Not Luna, but another in the same family of Soviet launch vehicles.
		The two successful series of Soviet probes were the Luna (24 lunar missions) and the Zond (5 lunar missions).
		Apparently the Luna rockets were all gray, the ever-attractive battleship grey or something slightly lighter.
	www.starshipmodeler.com /real/tm_pre_luna.htm (739 words)

	SONDASESPACIALES.COM
		Con una nave totalmente rediseñada con respecto a las tres que intentaron llegar a la Luna en 1.958, los soviéticos consiguieron los primeros éxitos de la carrera espacial interplanetaria.
		El Luna 1 fue la primera sonda en alcanzar las inmediaciones de La Luna y la primera de una serie soviética de sondas interplanetarias con dirección a nuestro satélite que tuvieron un completo éxito.
		La estructura e instrumentación de la nave era idéntica a la del Luna 1 incluyendo el magnetómetro, contador geiger, antenas y detector de micrometeoritos.
	www.sondasespaciales.com /modules.php?name=Sections&op=printpage&artid=25 (612 words)

	Inventing The Interplanetary Probe
		The cylindrical rocket engine is essentially the same module as the Luna upper stage and the Molniia escape stage.
		Cross-shaped semi-directional antennas were mounted on the back of the solar panels, for low-bandwidth (probably 1 bit/sec) telemetry during flight on 922.8 MHz and telecommand reception.
		An omni-directional antenna was located at the end of a 2.4-meter boom, used during near-earth operation on a wavelength of 1.6 meters.
	www.mentallandscape.com /V_OKB1.htm (5869 words)

	Time Line of Space Exploration
		January 2, 1959 - Luna 1, first man-made satellite to orbit the sun, is launched by the U.S.S.R. March 3, 1959 - Pioneer 4, fourth U.S.-IGY space probe was launched by a Juno II rocket, and achieved an earth-moon trajectory, passing within 37,000 miles of the moon.
		September 12, 1959 - Luna 2 is launched, impacting on the moon on September 13 carrying a copy of the Soviet coat of arms, and becoming the first man-made object to hit the moon.
		October 4, 1959 - Luna 3 translunar satellite is launched, orbiting the moon and photographing 70 percent of the far side of the moon.
	my.execpc.com /~culp/space/timeline.html (5900 words)

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