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Topic: Lupercalia

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	Lupercalia
		The Lupercalia was a festival about which both we and the Romans know much and understand little.
		In 494, Pope Gelasius I, finally suppressed the feast (you'll see why it wasn't the kind of thing you'd expect the Church to like) and announced hence forth it would be the Feast of the Purification of the Virgin Mary.
		Romulus himself used the feast of the Lupercalia to cover the movement of his men when he usurped his usurping uncle and gave the throne back to his grandfather.
	abacus.bates.edu /~mimber/Rciv/lupercalia.htm (606 words)

	Lupercalia Legend of St. Valentines
		Lupercalia is uniquely Roman, but even the Romans of the first century were at a loss to explain exactly which deity or deities were being exalted.
		February occurred later on the ancient Roman calendar than it does today so Lupercalia was held in the spring and regarded as a festival of purification and fertility.
		As Rome became the dominant civilisation of the era, the Lupercalia continued as an important part of the calendar.
	www.starstuffs.com /valentines/lupercalia.html (2099 words)

	Lupercalia, the True Origin of St. Valentine's Day
		Lupercalia is uniquely Roman, but even the Romans of the first century were at a loss to explain exactly which deity or deities were being exalted.
		February occurred later on the ancient Roman calendar than it does today so Lupercalia was held in the spring and regarded as a festival of purification and fertility.
		In the year 496 AD, Pope Gelasius did away with the festival of Lupercalia, citing that it was pagan and immoral.
	www.meridiangraphics.net /lupercalia.htm (1760 words)

	Lupercalia - Encyclopedia.com
		official religion of Rome, the feast of the Lupercalia was outlawed by the Pope and it was...
		Deseret News (Salt Lake City); 2/8/2007; 436 words; The holiday of Lupercalia was first celebrated in the middle of February, because the gods had kept the wolves away from Roman doors.
		But while this celebration, the Lupercalia, was supposed to commemorate the she- wolf's nurturing of...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Lupercal.html (746 words)

	Crew's Nest Holidays & Celebrations Easter
		The Lupercalia festival was an echo of the days when Rome consisted of a group of shepherd folk that lived on a hill now known as Palantine.
		Some believe the festival honored Faunus, who like the Greek Pan, was a god of herds and crops, But the origin of Lupercalia is so ancient that even scholars of the last century before Christ were never sure.
		One of these is believed to be a lottery where the names of Roman maidens were placed in a box and drawn out by the young men.
	www.crewsnest.vispa.com /valentine.htm (1309 words)

	History of Valentines Day (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lupercalia celebrated the coming of spring (in the Roman calendar February was observed later in the year than it is today).
		These men earned their status from legends of harboring Christians from persecution, curing a blind cell-keeper's daughter and conducting marriages when they were forbidden in wartime.
		Perhaps this last repute and the traditions of Lupercalia coupled to honor Saint Valentine as the patron saint of lovers.
	www.rcs.k12.va.us /mves/aa_misc/valentines.html (298 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Lupercalia
		The Lupercalia was a Roman festival held in honor of Faunus, one of whose names was Lupercus, "he who wards off the wolf".
		The festival was celebrated near the cave or grotta of Lupercal near the Palatine Mount (one of the seven roman hills), to expiate and purify new life in the Spring.
		During Lupercalia, a dog and goats were sacrificed.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/lu/Lupercalia (160 words)

	Happy Lupercalia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		According to 'A brief history of Lupercalia' the holiday honors the gods Lupercus and Faunus, as well as the legendary founders of Rome Romulus and Remus.
		I've seen several references that the early Rome had a serious wolf problem and Lupercalia, still dedicated to Lupercus, was to protect Rome from the wolves.
		One page on the origins of Valentine's day support the wolves theory and introduces the the concept the Lupercalia was the god of shepherds and flocks and the ritual was to protect them.
	quasisemi.com /ego/lupercalia.htm (580 words)

	Lupercalia
		The Lupercalia was celebrated on the fifteenth day before the kalends of March (February 15th).
		The Lupercalia recalled the primitive days of Rome's existence, when, according to Roman tradition, a small community of shepherds lived in thatched huts on the Palatine hill, ruled by the founder of Rome, Romulus.
		The Lupercalia was so popular that it survived the onset of Christianity, but in a different form.
	depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu /classics/dunkle/romnlife/luprclia.htm (439 words)

	Interview to Lupercalia - by Diego Arandojo
		Lupercalia is one of these mysterious dialogues that furrows the mountains taking the word of "
		There are of course certain kinds of music related to different places and feelings, but we play music for those who are curious and who have a strong sensibility.
		L: The Lupercalia was an annual Roman festival held on February 15 to honour Faunus, God of fertility and forests.
	lafarium.150m.com /lupercalia-interview-anglo.htm (810 words)

	Valentine's Day and Real Love
		The main center of the ancient Lupercalia celebrations was the cave of the Lupercal, on the Palatine Hill in Rome, where Romulus and Remus, the legendary founders of Rome, were supposedly nursed and brought up by a she-wolf.
		Lupercalia was firmly entrenched in Roman life, surviving even the arrival of Christianity in Rome.
		Remember that a major ritual during the Lupercalia was the purification of the Roman women by the priests of Pan Lyceus.
	cgg.org /index.cfm/fuseaction/Library.sr/CT/ARTB/k/190/Valentines-Day-Real-Love.htm (1974 words)

	The History of Lupercalia
		The Lupercalia was an annual Roman festival, held on February 15 to honour Faunus, god of fertility and forests.
		Justin Martyr identified Faunus as Lupercus, 'the one who wards off the wolf', but his identification is not supported by any earlier classical sources, and the wolf is rather a protective ttem of Rome (mythological foster mother of the citcy's founding twins Romulus and Remus).
		The name of the month of February is derived from the Latin februare, "to purify" (meant as one of the effects of fever, which has the same linguistic root).
	www.kitchenproject.com /history/MardiGras/lupercalia.htm (341 words)

	Lupercalia and St. Valentine - Spirituality
		Lupercalia was held in February, and was regarded as a festival of purification and fertility.
		As Rome grew into a powerful city and empire, the festival of Lupercalia was still carried on.
		Lupercalia with its emphasis on sacrifice and a lover’s lottery was considered by Pope Gelasius as a pagan and immoral festival, and in the year 496 AD, he did away with the celebration.
	www.bellaonline.com /articles/art49080.asp (1140 words)

	February Fertility Festivals,Lupercalia,Feast of Lupercalia,Roman Fertility Festival
		The Feast of Lupercalia was dedicated to the Roman Gods of Agriculture, Lupercus and Faunus along with Romulus and Remus - the legendary founders of Rome.
		Because the youths impersonated male goats (the embodiment of sexuality), the ceremony was believed to be in honor of Fanus.
		Another unique custom of Feast of Lupercalia was the pairing of young boys and girls who otherwise lived a strictly separated lives.
	www.stvalentinesday.org /february-fertility-festivals.html (519 words)

	Lupercalia
		The Lupercalia was one of the oldest festivals of Rome.
		The Lupercalia was celebrated every year on the 15th of February (15 days before the Kalends of March, to be more accurate) in honour of the fertility-god Lupercus.
		Lupercalia was also connected to the birth of Romulus and Remus, and their being suckled by a she-wolf.
	www.ancientsites.com /aw/Thread/106117 (202 words)

	Morbid Outlook - The Sweet Lashing of the Februa
		The ritual was named Lupercalia and involved two naked young men slaughtering a dog (symbolic wolf?) and a goat.
		In addition to the blood sacrifice, vestal virgins affixed cakes of grain from the previous year’s harvest to the very fig tree believed to be the spot where Romulus and Remus were suckled by the she-wolf.
		There are three equally likely candidates for the honor of being the original saint, who was either deeply in love with one of his female converts, or very compassionate towards young lovers at a time when such latitude for anything sexual was vehemently forbidden by the church.
	www.morbidoutlook.com /nonfiction/articles/2005_02_lupercalia.html (746 words)

	Valentine's Day
		The rituals of the Lupercalia which are recorded as the beginning history of Valentine's day, were offered to the gods to protect the flocks, and to increase fertility.
		Noting the popularity of the Lupercalia among the people, the Pope, in 494 AD, declared February 15th the feast of the Purification of the Virgin.
		He abolished the flaying of goat skins as a means of purification and gave a more sacramental significance to the rituals by placing, not the names of lusty young women, but the names of the saints in an urn.
	www.inmamaskitchen.com /SEASONS/valentine/Valentine.html (1381 words)

	Valentine's Day
		Early Rome was plagued by marauding packs of wolves from the woods nearby.
		On February 15th the Romans would celebrate the festival of Lupercalia by sacrificing goats at the cave called Lupercal, to one of their gods, Lupercus.
		Lupercalia was celebrated as a spring festival, and February 15
	www.wimbledonvisitor.com /valentine.html (344 words)

	Carnival Carnaval Mardi Gras Bacchanalia Lupercalia Medical Etymology Humanities
		The links to explanatory notes given in the left column relate to three overviews concerned with ancient "spring love celebrations" and the "rebirth of life" or spring (blooms and buds) celebrated on February 14.
		It is noted that Apollo or LUKHeious (from LUPA or wolf slayer) was the emblem of masculine perfection, a fact that did not prevent Daphne from rejecting his love.
		As LUPERCUS, PAN was worshiped as the protector of flocks from LUPINE attacks.
	www.consultsos.com /pandora/in230204.htm (985 words)

	Lupercalia
		The Lupercalia was one of the most important Roman festivals, a rowdy fertility festival loosely connected to the legend of the wolf that suckled the twin babies, Romulus and Remus, the founders of Rome, in her cave the Lupercal on Palatine Hill.
		A similar custom is found at Carnival time in France and Germany: inflated pork bladders, said to contain the souls of the dead, are attached to sticks and used to beat members of the opposite sex.
		When the Pope first tried to ban the Lupercalia in the 5th century, there was so much outrage that the papal residence was completely surrounded by the angry mob.
	home.earthlink.net /~lupamoon/moonways/id11.html (453 words)

	Internet Book of Shadows: LUPERCALIA (She Wolf)
		Lupercalia She-Wolf Lupercalia ia a Roman ritual of purification and fertility dating from such an ancient time that even the Romans of the first century B.C.E. had forgotten its origin and to which Gods it was dedicated and even the meaning of some of its symbolism.
		Unlike some of the other Roman rites like the October Horse sacrifice, there is no other Indo-European equivalent in Vedic, Scandinavian, Irish, or Indo-Iranian traditions.
		With modifications, the Temple of Pomona performed Lupercalias and has a great time.
	www.sacred-texts.com /bos/bos607.htm (323 words)

	lupercalia - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Lupercalia : The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language [home, info]
		Lupercalia : Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition [home, info]
		LUPERCALIA : 1911 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?loc=rescb&w=lupercalia (157 words)

	Amore' on the Net (Valentines Day) - The Story
		On the eve of the festival of Lupercalia the names of Roman girls were written on slips of paper and placed into jars.
		The girl whose name was chosen was to be his sweetheart for the year
		alentine was beheaded on February 14th, the eve of the Roman holiday Lupercalia.
	www.holidays.net /amore/story.html (423 words)

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