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Topic: Lutetium

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Ytterbium

Ytterbium

Erbium

Praseodymium

Europium

Periodic table (standard)

Samarium

Dysprosium

Thulium

Neodymium

Scandium

Holmium

Lanthanum

Promethium

Terbium

	Lutetium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lutetium is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Lu and atomic number 71.
		A metallic element of the rare earth group, lutetium usually occurs in association with yttrium and is sometimes used in metal alloys and as a catalyst in various processes.
		Lutetium is a silvery white corrosion-resistant trivalent metal that is relatively stable in air and is the heaviest and hardest of the rare earth elements.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lutetium (695 words)

	AllRefer.com - lutetium, Compound & Element (Compounds And Elements) - Encyclopedia
		Lutetium is a silver-white metal that is relatively stable in air.
		The chief commercial source of lutetium is the mineral monazite, which contains lutetium in a concentration of about three parts per hundred thousand.
		A process for separating lutecia (lutetium oxide, a rare earth) from ytterbia was described in 1907 by Georges Urbain, a French chemist, who is credited with the discovery of the element.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/lutetium.html (252 words)

	VIAS Encyclopedia: Lutetium
		Lutetium occurs in very small amounts in nearly all minerals containing yttrium, and is present in monazite to the extent of about 0.003%, which is a commercial source.
		Stable lutetium nuclides, which emit pure beta radiation after thermal neutron activation, can be used as catalysts in cracking, alkylation, hydrogenation, and polymerization.
		While lutetium, like other rare-earth metals, is thought to have a low toxicity rating, it should be handled with care until more information is available.
	www.vias.org /encyclopedia/persys_lu.html (226 words)

	Lutetium (Lu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lutetium is a silvery white metallic "rare-earth" element.
		Lutetium was discovered separately in 1907 by both Georges Urbain (a French chemist) and Carl Auer von Welsbach (an Austrian chemist).
		A natural radioactive isotope of lutetium (having a half-life of 30 billion years) is used to determine the age of meteorites in relation to the age of the earth.
	www.bayerus.com /msms/fun/pages/periodic/lutetium (106 words)

	lutetium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The spelling of the element was changed from lurecium to lutetium in 1949.
		While new techniques, including ion-exchange reactions, have been developed to separate the various rare-earth elements, lutetium is still the most costly of all rare earths.
		Lutetium has 49 isotopes and isomers that are now recognized.
	www.speclab.com /elements/lutetium.htm (283 words)

	Lutetium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Discovered in 1907, Lutetium is the heaviest of the rare-earths and marks the end of the lanthanide series of elements.
		The discovery of lutetium was made possible by significant advances in the technology for separating small amounts of compounds that have similar chemical properties.
		Lutetium is also the hardest of the rare-earths.
	nobel.scas.bcit.ca /resource/ptable/lu.htm (126 words)

	Cavendish Analytical Laboratories - Laboratory Testing - Metals - Lutetium
		Lutetium (atomic weight 174.97, atomic number 71) was first discovered by Urbain in 1907.
		Lutetium (CAS: 7439-94-3) is a silvery-white metal with a close-packed hexagonal structure and is one of the yttrium group of rare earth metals.
		The melting point of lutetium is 1652 °C. It is perhaps the most expensive of all rare elements.
	www.cavendish.ca /services/laboratory_testing/metal_parameters/element_list/lu.html (174 words)

	Lutetium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lutetium, Lu, is a metallic element, which is found in the lanthanide series of inner transition metals in Group IIIa of the periodic table.
		Lutetium metal is prepared by reducing a mixtures of the anhydrous chloride and fluoride with sodium.
		Lutetium is a soft malleable silvery metal, which is stable in air.
	www.ucc.ie /ucc/depts/chem/dolchem/html/elem/elem071.html (75 words)

	Lutetium (Element) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Urbain described a process by which Marignacs ytterbium could be separated into the two elements, ytterbium and lutetium.
		Lutetium occurs in very mall amounts in nearly all minerals containing yttrium, and is present in monazite to the extent of about.003%, which is a commercial source.
		Virtually no other commercial uses have been found yet for Lutetium, as it is one of the most costly of the rare earth elements.
	www.tamuk.edu /chemistry/WebElements/lutetium_element.htm (86 words)

	Lutetium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lutetium is named from the Latin Lutetia, the ancient name for Paris and was discovered in 1907.
		Lutetium is found along with the other rare-earth minerals principally in monazite and bastnasite.
		Lutetium, like the other rare-earth metals, has a bright silver luster and is malleable and ductile.
	www.muhlenberg.edu /depts/chemistry/pertable/lutinfo.htm (71 words)

	LUTETIUM in West Virginia Coals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lutetium is one of the ultra-trace level rare earth elements (REE) present in West Virginia coals of little environmental impact.
		Lutetium correlated highly with REE such as ytterbium (Yb), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb) and erbium (Er) and components of monazite, especially cerium (Ce), yttrium (Y) and lanthanum (La).
		Lutetium showed no stratigraphic variations in abundance with all coals averaging less than 0.25 ppm, and the lowest whole coal Lu in the Pittsburgh and Redstone coals of the Monongahela Group.
	www.wvgs.wvnet.edu /www/datastat/te/LuHome.htm (229 words)

	The Elements: Lutetium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		While new techniques, including ion-exchange reactions, have been developed to separate the various rare-earth elements, lutetium is still the most costly of all naturally-occurring rare earths.
		Stable lutetium nuclides, which emit pure beta radiation after thermal neutron activation, can be used as a catalyst in cracking, alkylation, hydrogenation, and polymerization.
		Virtually no other commercial uses have been found yet for lutetium, as it is still one of the most costly natural elements.
	www.cmbi.kun.nl /~ott/elements/lutetium.html (274 words)

	Lutetium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lutetium is the most expensive metal in the world, costing $75,000 per kilogram, well ahead of the highly valued metals, platinum ($12,800 per kilogram) and gold ($12,500 per kilogram).
		Lutetium was discovered in 1907 by the French chemist, Georges Urbain, at the Sorbonne in Paris.
		A sample of pure lutetium metal was not made until 1953.
	www.science501.com /pcLu.html (124 words)

	Chemistry : Periodic Table : lutetium : key information
		Pure metal lutetium has been isolated only in recent years and is one of the more difficult to prepare.
		Here is a brief summary of the isolation of lutetium.
		Lutetium metal is available commercially so it is not normally necessary to make it in the laboratory, which is just as well as it is difficult to separate it from as the pure metal.
	www.webelements.com /webelements/elements/text/Lu/key.html (417 words)

	Quantitation of Motexafin Lutetium in Human Plasma by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Inductively ...
		If more elemental lutetium is found in plasma than can be attributed to MLu, it would suggest that the drug has been metabolized and/or degraded and could provide important information on the molecular species of Lu (III) in circulation after dosing.
		Lutetium acetate was purchased from Alfa AESAR (Ward Hill, MA).
		Pharmacokinetics of lutetium texaphyrin (Lu-Tex) in a phase I trial of photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer (Clinical Pharmacology).
	www.aapsj.org /view.asp?art=ps050323 (5765 words)

	Lutetium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lutetium was discovered by George Urbain in 1907.
		Lutetium was attained through the elements Xenon and Gadolite.
		Their atoms were combined over years and formed the element Lutetium.
	www.mvschools.org /ms/projects/html/blue/lutetium.htm (190 words)

	Lutetium summary statistics
		Lutetium in West Virginia coals averaged 0.133 ppm (± 0.073 ppm) with a histogram showing a near normal distribution with a significant tail of samples toward higher values.
		Lutetium correlated very poorly with ash yield, and correlated somewhat with ash related elements such as scandium (Sc), thorium (Th), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), vanadium (V), gallium (Ga), tantalum (Ta), hafnium (Hf) and lithium (Li).
		Lutetium correlated highly with rare earth elements such as ytterbium (Yb), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb) and erbium (Er) and components of monazite, especially cerium (Ce), yttrium (Y) and lanthanum (La).
	www.wvgs.wvnet.edu /www/datastat/te/Luhist.htm (205 words)

	Chemical element - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This can lead to the controversial question of which research group actually discovered an element, a question which delayed the naming of elements with atomic number of 104 and higher for a considerable time.
		Precursors of such controversies involved the nationalistic namings of elements in the late nineteenth century (e.g., as "lutetium" refers to Paris, France, the Germans were reticent about relinquishing naming rights to the French, often calling it "cassiopeium").
		And notably, the British discoverer of "niobium" originally named it "columbium," after the New World, though this did not catch on in Europe.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chemical_element (1411 words)

	It's Elemental - The Element Lutetium
		Urbain was eventually credited with the discovery of the elements and won the right to name them, although chemists later changed the name neoytterbium back to ytterbium and changed the spelling of lutecium to lutetium.
		Today, lutetium is primarily obtained through an ion exchange process from monazite sand ((Ce, La, Th, Nd, Y)PO), a material rich in rare earth elements.
		Lutetium is one of the most difficult elements to prepare and has no large scale practical uses, although some of its radioactive isotopes can be used as a catalyst in the cracking of petroleum products and a catalyst in some hydrogenation and polymerization processes.
	education.jlab.org /itselemental/ele071.html (369 words)

	Lutetium - Periodic Table of the Elements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lutetium was discovered by Georges Urbain (France) and independently by Carl Auer von Welsbach (Austria) in 1907.
		It is silvery-white and relatively stable in air, rare earth metal.
		Lutetium is found with ytterbium in gadolinite and xenotime.
	www.ktf-split.hr /periodni/en/lu.html (102 words)

	Lutetium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lutetium is the hardest & densets of all the rare-earth elements.
		Lutetium has 2 isotopes: Stable Lutetium & radioactive.
		The radioactive isotope is used to determine the age of meteorites relative to that of the earth.
	ghsonline.net /projects/periodictable/1996/Lu.htm (78 words)

	Photosensitization of red blood cell photohemolysis by lutetium texaphyrin
		Lutetium (III) texaphyrin (PCI-0123; Lu-Tex) photosensitizes post-irradiation or "delayed" photohemolysis (DPH) of human and bovine red blood cells at 730 nm.
		Protection by azide and tryptophan are indicative of a Type 2 photosensitization pathway mediated by singlet molecular oxygen.
		Lutetium (III) texaphyrins as potential photodynamic therapy photosensitizers, J.
	www.photobiology.com /photobiology99/contrib/len (3186 words)

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