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	luttinger
		Chapter 5 describes situations where the Luttinger liquid is not a stable fixed point, and where spin or charge gaps open in at least one channel.
		Fermi liquids are discussed both from a phenomenological viewpoint, in relation to microscopic approaches, and as renormalization group fixed points.
		Luttinger liquids are introduced using the bosonization formalism, and their essential differences with Fermi liquids are pointed out.
	omnis.if.ufrj.br /~moriconi/qft-condmat/luttinger.html (503 words)

	Bogachek_Landman
		Bogachek, Landman, and Krive have been investigating issues pertaining to thermoconductance, thermopower, and the Peltier effect in Luttinger liquids.
		The team has written a paper entitled "Thermo-Electric Effects in a Multichannel Luttinger Liquid," which is to be submitted for publication and will be presented at the American Physical Society meeting in March 2000.
		They have conducted many group seminars in which Krive lectured on his research on Luttinger liquids, bosonization techniques, and charge-density-wave phenomena in strongly interacting systems, and Bogachek and Landman described their work on energetics and transport properties of nanowires.
	www7.nationalacademies.org /dsc/Bogachek_Landman.html (426 words)

	Goldhaber-Gordon Group \| Department of Physics \| Stanford University
		The interacting 1D quantum state is then a correlated non-Fermi liquid state, and is described theoretically as a Luttinger liquid.
		The Luttinger liquid has many fascinating physical properties that differ from normal Fermi liquids, and is one of the few exactly soluble many-body problems.
		Carbon nanotubes are predicted theoretically to exhibit Luttinger liquid behavior, and this has been observed experimentally [2, 3].
	www.stanford.edu /group/GGG/1D.html (778 words)

	Theoretical Physics Research Group
		One of the most important ideas in condensed matter physics is that of a Fermi liquid -- despite the fact that the electrons in a real metal strongly interact via Coulomb repulsion, they still behave as though they are non-interacting.
		Theory predicts a Luttinger liquid, characterised by a power-law singularity rather than a discontinuity in the momentum distribution function at the Fermi surface.
		The student will need to learn the theory of Luttinger liquids, which requires the method of second quantisation, and use this theory to calculate various physical properties such as conductance and tunneling density of states.
	www.th.ph.bham.ac.uk /ug_courses/projects/luttinger.htm (301 words)

	Condensed Matter and Quantum Optics Seminar (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It is known that electrons confined to a line can form a Luttinger liquid, which differs in a fundamental way from the conventional Fermi liquid phase.
		For example, Luttinger liquids exhibit fractionalization: they posess excitations that carry a fraction of the electron's quantum numbers (the electron breaks up).
		The result of one such recent effort is a phase called the Sliding Luttinger Liquid, which retains Luttinger liquid like Physics in the direction of the chains but is insulating in the transverse directions.
	www.physics.utoronto.ca /~qocmp/qocmp_sem/24jan03.htm (137 words)

	Current Research
		A cornerstone of the understanding of such interactions is Landau's theory of fermi liquids, which states that despite the interactions an electron gas has a behavior close to the one of a noninteracting system.
		The Luttinger liquid state is particularly important in organic superconductors, mesoscopic systems such as quantum wires and carbon nanotubes.
		Study of the transport properties in a Luttinger liquid, has allowed to prove the existence of the Luttinger state in organic superconductors and nanotubes.
	dpmc.unige.ch /gr_giamarchi/research.htm (1089 words)

	JOSEPHSON EFFECT THROUGH A LUTTINGER LIQUID (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The interactions are treated in the framework of the one-channel Luttinger model.
		At zero temperature, the Josephson critical current is found to decay algebraically with increasing distance between the junctions.
		If the Luttinger liquid has a finite size, the Josephson current depends on the total number of electrons modulo 4.
	flux.aps.org /meetings/BAPSMAR95/abs/SE1708.html (174 words)

	Thermodynamic spin magnetization in silicon inversion layers
		The two main characteristics of such a state are: (i) a power-law decay of the correlation functions, with a non-universal exponent depending on the interactions; (ii) a separation of the excitations in terms of excitations carrying only spin and no charge (spinons) and excitations carrying charge and no spins (holons).
		It is thus possible to probe the presence of two branches of excitations with different velocities in the wire, and thus for the spin charge separation in a Luttinger liquid.
		The theoretical analysis of the data cleverly exploits the finite size of the wire to make interference patterns, which allows to detect the small difference between the two velocities, and give a very convincing proof the spin-charge separation.
	www.bell-labs.com /jc-cond-mat/february/jccm_feb04_01.html (351 words)

	Balents Group Research
		In fact, this spin liquid state is completely understood, and the full critical theory (called the WZW SU(2) level 1 conformal field theory) is known as well as all its correlations.
		In this letter, we demonstrated that Luttinger liquid effects actually enable one to construct (in principle at least!) a device out of two quantum wires-e.g.
		One of the dramatic predictions of Luttinger liquid theory is "spin-charge separation": the elementary excitations of a one-dimensional metal are not at all like free electrons, but rather consist of collective modes carrying spin and charge separately and at different velocities!
	www.physics.ucsb.edu /~balents/research.htm (4029 words)

	Tomographic Luttinger liquid (Site not responding. Last check: )
		One of the difficulties posed by a non-Fermi liquid in
		The issue of dimensional crossover from a Luttinger liquid in
		Such an issue is however highly controversial, since the separation of charge and spin for a spinning, charged fermion is as problematic as the separation of body and soul for a human being, as Erio Tosatti once happened to say during a lecture in Torino (1996).
	www.ct.infn.it /~angilell/ILT/node9.html (204 words)

	DEMOCRITOS - Seminars & Talks
		The fundamental distinction for metals vs. insulators proposed by Kohn in 1964 is the sensitivity to boundary conditions. This has been extended in two ways: A theory of the insulating state [1] that provides a quantitative measure applying to all systems independent of interactions.
		This talk will give an overview of the ideas and will focus upon the nature of the insulating state, the Luttinger theorem on the volume enclose by the Fermi surface, and new proposals for the nature of a Mott insulator.
		In water we were able to measure the temperature dependence of the structural relaxation time showing that the divergence in the transport properties does not need an underlying critical behavior but can be explained in the framework of the Mode Coupling Theory [3].
	www.democritos.net /Seminars.php (9201 words)

	Molecular Computing, Presentations, AC conductance of a Luttinger liquid with interaction of finite range and an ...
		The AC conductance of a Luttinger liquid with an interaction potential of non-zero range and with an impurity is calculated by using path integrals [1].
		The validity of several general relations for the local current and electric field distributions are demonstrated.
		AC conductance of a Luttinger liquid with interaction of finite range and an impurity
	www.uni-regensburg.de /Fakultaeten/nat_Fak_II/forschung/cuniberti/pages/presentation_5.html (517 words)

	A technique to search for Luttinger liquid behavior of carbon nanotubes at GHz frequencies
		We present a technique to directly excite Luttinger liquid collective modes in carbon nanotubes at GHz frequencies.
		A further goal is the direct electrical excitation of the 1d plasmon, which is the low-energy excitation of a Luttinger liquid, as well as measuring the plasmon wave velocity and damping.
		By modeling the nanotube as a nano-transmission line with distributed kinetic and magnetic inductance as well as distributed quantum and electrostatic capacitance, we calculate the complex, frequency dependent impedance for a variety of measurement geometries.
	www.foresight.org /Conference/MNT10/Abstracts/Burke/index.html (436 words)

	Transition from a Luttinger liquid to a Fermi liquid in potassium intercalated single wall carbon nanotubes (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Transition from a Luttinger liquid to a Fermi liquid in potassium intercalated single wall carbon nanotubes
		As such, the metallic part of a nanotube sample should exhibit deviations from classical three-dimensional Fermi liquid behavior in the density of states near the Fermi level.
		The density of states can be probed directly by means of photoemission spectroscopy and it was recently demonstrated that mats of SWCNT do not display Fermi liquid behavior but rather Luttinger liquid (LL) behavior which manifests itself as a power law renormalization of the density of states in the vicinity of the Fermi level [1].
	materials.ipicyt.edu.mx /~nt04-abstracts/P48.html (213 words)

	Quantum Theory of the Electron Liquid - Cambridge University Press
		Modern electronic devices and novel materials often derive their extraordinary properties from the intriguing, complex behavior of large numbers of electrons forming what is known as an electron liquid.
		This book provides an in-depth introduction to the physics of the interacting electron liquid in a broad variety of systems, including metals, semiconductors, artificial nano-structures, atoms and molecules.
		Different phases of the electron liquid, from the Landau Fermi liquid to the Wigner crystal, from the Luttinger liquid to the quantum Hall liquid are extensively discussed.
	www.cambridge.org /uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521821126 (364 words)

	Condensed Matter Seminars (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Electron states of a metallic nanotube with an energy gap induced at half-filling by an external field form a Luttinger liquid with a narrow excitation gap.
		We demonstrate that electron backscattering by a periodic SAW potential, which results in miniband formation, can be achieved at energies near the Fermi level.
		Electron interaction, treated in a Luttinger liquid framework, is shown to enhance minigaps and thereby improve current quantization.
	www.phy.duke.edu /research/cmtheory/cmseminarfall02/levitov.html (253 words)

	Michelson Postdoctoral Prize Lectureship « Events (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Luttinger Liquid and Beyond: Crystallization and Free-Spin Regime in 1D
		But even infinite 1D systems cannot be described as Luttinger liquids at low densities and finite temperatures, since nearest-neighbor exchange coupling is exponentially suppressed in the strongly-interacting limit, and electrons are likely to enter an effectively free-spin regime.
		This has a dramatic effect on electron spectral properties and, in particular, may have an intricate connection to the "0.7 anomaly" in point contacts.
	www.phys.cwru.edu /events/mppl-prior.php?abstract=3 (162 words)

	Narrow gap Luttinger liquid in Carbon nanotubes near half filling
		The magnitude of the gap is found to be a power law function of the external field strength, with a universal value 4/5 of the exponent arising due to long-range electron interaction.
		At the density slightly above half-filling electrons are represented as solitons in an effective sin-Gordon problem derived from a Luttinger liquid model.
		Electron interaction, treated in a Luttinger liquid framework, is shown to enhance
	www.na.infn.it /congr/quantum/speakers/Levitov.htm (266 words)

	1
		Nonanalytic corrections to the specific heat of a three-dimensional Fermi liquid, submitted to Phys.
		Thermodynamics of a Fermi Liquid Beyond the Low-Energy Limit, Phys.
		Conductivity of a magnetic-field--induced Luttinger liquid, Physica B v.
	www.phys.ufl.edu /~maslov/publ.htm (306 words)

	INI : Abstracts : QISW02 : Superconductivity, Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid, and spin entanglement in carbon nanotubes (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Superconductivity, Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid, and spin entanglement in carbon nanotubes
		In particular, superconductivity, Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL), and those association with spin entanglement are the most exciting topics currently, because this may lead to nano-molecular spin entangler and quantum archetectures.
		I.Takesue,J.Haruyama,H.Takayanagi, et al., "Multi-walled carbon nanotubes with NbN superconducting electrodes; Hybrid system of Luttinger liquid and Cooper pairs", Physica E (2004) In press 5.J.Haruyama, T.Akazaki, H.Takayanagi,et al., "Supercurrent through diffusive multi-walled carbon nanotubes with strong spin entanglement", Proceedings of IEEE Nano 2003, 7803-7977/2.1-4 (2003) 6.
	www.newton.cam.ac.uk /programmes/QIS/Poster2/haruyama.html (328 words)

	Publications
		C.L. Kane and M.P.A. Fisher, "Edge State Transport," in Novel Quantum Liquid s in Low Dimensional Structures (S. Das Sarma and A. Pinczuk, eds., Wiley and Sons 1996).
		C.L. Kane and M.P.A. Fisher "Thermal transport in a Luttinger liquid," Phys.
		C.L. Kane and M.P.A. Fisher, "Transport in a Single Channel Luttinger Liquid," Phys.
	dept.physics.upenn.edu /~mele/qcmt/pubs.html (815 words)

	Molecular Computing, Presentations, Tunneling through an impurity in a Luttinger liquid with an interaction potential ...
		The non-linear transport through a tunnel barrier in a Luttinger system is investigated for repulsive electron-electron interaction of finite range [1].
		Depending on whether the electrons are located on different or on the same sides of the barrier, the interaction strengths are assumed to be given by V
		Tunneling through an impurity in a Luttinger liquid with an interaction potential of finite range
	www.uni-regensburg.de /Fakultaeten/nat_Fak_II/forschung/cuniberti/pages/presentation_4.html (486 words)

	publications
		Mora, R. Egger, and A. Altland, Luttinger liquid versus Altshuler-Aronov correction for disordered interacting quantum wires, Phys.
		Egger and H. Grabert, Landauer transport theory for Luttinger liquids, in Quantum Physics at the Mesoscopic Scale, ed.
		Egger, Luttinger liquid behavior in carbon nanotubes, in Festkörperprobleme/Advances in Solid State Physics, ed.
	www.thphy.uni-duesseldorf.de /~ls4/publist_e.html (1700 words)

	Condensed Matter Seminar Abstract
		can be reached, and we refer to this as the spin incoherent Luttinger liquid state.
		and the energy dependence of the tunneling density of states qualitatively changes from that of the spin coherent Luttinger liquid regime.
		Transport in the infinite system can be mapped onto spinless electrons and various crossovers in temperature and for finite systems connected to Fermi liquid leads are also discussed.
	www.physics.umd.edu /rgroups/condmat/seminar/2005.fall/Fiete.html (209 words)

	Department of Physics - University of Michigan
		He is particularly interested in systems that are dominated by many-body effects and therefore cannot be well treated by conventional band theory.
		Typically these are systems with transition metal, rare earth or actinide elements, or low dimensional systems, which display behaviors involving heavy fermions, mixed valence fluctuations, the Kondo effect, Mott-Hubbard insulation, high temperature superconductivity, quantum critical fluctuations or other sources of non-Fermi liquid physics such as the electron fractionalization of the Luttinger liquid.
		The experimental tool is laboratory or synchrotron-radiation-excited x-ray and electron spectroscopies, used to measure the spectral weights of single-particle or two-particle Green’s functions.
	www.physics.lsa.umich.edu /department/directory/bio.asp?ID=9 (448 words)

	September 26 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The transport properties are modified drastically by the interaction between electrons.
		The modifications are adequately described by the Luttinger liquid model.
		Some of the unusual properties of a Luttinger liquid are: the suppression of tunneling conductance, possible charge fractionalization, and an enhanced Coulomb drag effect.
	www.physics.arizona.edu /~dpsaltis/coll_fall03/sep26.html (66 words)

	Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 96043338
		Fractional Statistics without Anyons: The Luttinger Liquid P. Anderson, Prog Theo Phys Suppl.
		Conductivity between Luttinger Liquids in the Confinement Regime and c-Axis Conductivity in the Cuprate Superconductors David G. Clarke, S. Strong, and P. Anderson, PRL 74(22) (1995): 4499 345
		Coherence and Localization in 2D Luttinger Liquids P W Anderson et al.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/prin031/96043338.html (515 words)

	Users Hub - Recent Publications and Reports
		Akimoto, H.; Xia, J.S.; Candela, D.; Mullin, W.J.; Adams, E.D. and Sullivan, N.S., Giant viscosity enhancement in a spin-polarized Fermi liquid, Phys.
		Charignon, T.; Celik, D.; Hemmati, A. and Van Sciver, S.W., Dielectric Coefficient and Density of Subcooled Liquid Hydrogen, Cryogenics, 47, 252 (2007)
		Hagiwara, M.; Tsujii, H.; Rotundu, C.R.; Andraka, B.; Takano, Y.; Suzuki, T. and Suga, S., Field-induced Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid of a quasi-one-dimensional S=1 antiferromagnet, Modern Physics Letters B, 21, 965-976 (2007)
	www.magnet.fsu.edu /usershub/publications/recent.aspx (5422 words)

	Physics 220 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Infinite-U Hubbard model and mean-field theory of metal-insulator transition
		Origin of Fermi liquid breakdown in one dimension
		Novel normal state: Non-Fermi liquid behavior and pseudogap phenomena
	www.its.caltech.edu /~yehgroup/ph220_2000 (80 words)

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