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Topic: Lycaenidae

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	Hunjan
		Myrmecophily occurs in the Lycaenidae caterpillars that possess three known types of organs, pore cupola organs (PCOs), dorsal nectar organs (DNOs), and tentacle organs (TOs).
		Lycaenidae species lacking the DNO are defined as myrmecoxenous and are not as commonly attended by ants, although the ants will not aggressively attack them.
		The main difference between myrmecophilous and myrmecoxenous Lycaenidae species is the respective presence or lack of a DNO (Fiedler 1991, Fiedler et al.
	www.colostate.edu /Depts/Entomology/courses/en507/papers_1999/hunjan.htm (3563 words)

	Lycaenid Butterflies and Ants
		Many Australian members of the butterfly family Lycaenidae (Blues, Coppers, Hairstreaks, Azures) have an unusual association with ants: they have specialized organs or glands that secrete substances that may attract, appease or reward ants.
		Members of the Family Lycaenidae are mainly found in the tropics.
		Ants are normally predators of butterfly larvae (caterpillars), however lycaenids have evolved a range of mechanisms to overcome predation.
	www.amonline.net.au /factsheets/lycaenid.htm (1128 words)

	contents of Nota (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Spatio-temporal dynamics in a population of the copper butterfly Lycaena hippothoe (Lycaenidae).
		Stefanescu, C. New data on the ecology of Thecla betulae in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula (Lycaenidae).
		Oviposition behaviour in Lycaena thetis Klug (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae).
	www.soceurlep.org /contents.htm (6260 words)

	Lycaenidae; Butterflies that need ants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		While not all the Lycaenidae butterflies need ants, certain members of this family can only complete their life cycle in association with particular ant species.
		Many members of the Lycaenidae are commonly referred to as the coppers and blues because these are the predominant colours in the family.
		The Lycaenidae includes a number of species that are listed as rare or vulnerable in the South African Red Data book on butterflies.
	www.museums.org.za /bio/butterflies/lycaenidae.htm (1048 words)

	Lycaenidae - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Lycaenidae or copper butterfly are a large family of butterflies, also known as the Gossamer-winged butterflies.
		Lycaenids feed on various kinds of food including ferns, conifers, fungi, lichens, cycads, homopterans and ant larvae.
		This page was last modified 23:51, 6 April 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lycaenidae (107 words)

	What's new
		December 29, 2002: Achlya flavicornis (larva, Drepanidae [1]), Aricia artaxerxes (imago, Lycaenidae [2]), Hemaris tityus (imago, Sphingidae [3]), Lysandra coridon (imago, Lycaenidae [2]), Maculinea nausithous (imago, Lycaenidae [2]), Pseudaricia nicias (imago, Lycaenidae [2]), Pyrgus carlinae (imago, Hesperiidae [2]), Satyrium acaciae (imago, Lycaenidae [2]).
		December 11, 2002: Acronicta aceris (larva, Noctuidae [1]), Apamea monoglypha (imago, Noctuidae [1]), Scolitantides orion (imago, Lycaenidae [2]), Siona lineata (imago, Geometridae [2]).
		October 24, 2002: Aporophyla lutulenta (imago, Noctuidae), Celastrina argiolus (imago, Lycaenidae), Cerura erminea (imago, Notodontidae), Euxoa temera (imago, Noctuidae), Leptotes pirithous (imago, Lycaenidae), Limenitis reducta (imago, Nymphalidae), Polyommatus icarus (larva, Lycaenidae), Polyommatus icarus (pupa, Lycaenidae), Triodia sylvina (imago, Hepialidae).
	www.leps.it /WhatsOld7.htm (1398 words)

	Tinalandia Butterfly Report
		The families Ithomiidae, Hesperiidae, Riodinidae and Lycaenidae being particularly under-recorded at this moment.
		This report is intended to be used as a supplement to the Perlman report, and contains a significant number of newly identified species, particularly amongst the Hesperiidae, Lycaenidae and Riodinidae, none of which were surveyed by the Perlmans.
		The use of the prefix "nr" before a species name indicates that whilst the genus has been fully identified, the actual species has not, and the named species in such cases is an indication of the nearest visual likeness found in the references listed.
	www.tinalandia.com /html/butterfly_report.html (434 words)

	butterflies
		OD: Zsolt Bálint: ”A Catalogue of Polyommatine Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera) of the Xeromontane Oreal biome in the Neotropics As Represented in European Collections,” Reports of the Museum of Natural History, University of Wisconsin (Stevens Point), 29, 1993, p.
		The males are lustrous azure with a lot of orange, the females are brown with mottled orange.
		The median and the submedian area of the forewings is orange, the marginal area is dark brown and bonnie blue; the hindwings are bonnie blue with a greyish submarginal area and a thin fl border.
	www.libraries.psu.edu /nabokov/dzbutt8.htm (1555 words)

	CYPLUS LUP Areas of Conservation Significance on Cape York Peninsula: Chapter 14 Butterflies
		There are many other interesting records from this area and the forests provide habitat for a large number of species across all families of butterflies.
		These records were in the mid 1970's (see Monteith and Kerr, 1977) and have not been repeated, mainly due to limited collecting at this location.
		Given the nature of the habitat types represented and the limited study at these sites, it is expected that further evidence of the importance of this area will emerge in time.
	www.deh.gov.au /erin/cyplus/lup/chapter14.html (2620 words)

	Local pattern of host plant utilization by lepidopteran larvae in the cerrado vegetation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In this paper, the first results of an inventory of lepidopteran larvae associated with buds, flowers and fruits of cerrado plants are presented as well the information regarding the diet of caterpillars and the degree of specialization on host plant species and/or plant tissues.
		Two of the Thecla species were found in the cerrado of Brasília and their caterpillars are cryptic on the petals of open flowers: Michaelus thordesa (Hewitson, 1867) (Lycaenidae) on the purple flowers of Jacaranda ulei (Bignoniaceae) and P.
		Fourteen species were known as leaf feeders, restricted to host plants of a single genus or family within the study area, and were found to be feeding, also, on flowers or fruits of the same plant species.
	www.entomotropica.org /v17_2/1702b0001.html (2017 words)

	Texas Butterfly Bibliography
		A survey of the last instar larvae of the Lycaenidae of California.
		Loranthomitoura, a new genus of Eumaeini (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae).
		Revised classification of the butterfly family Lycaenidae and its allies.
	www.texasento.net /txpapers.htm (5728 words)

	Atala, Atala Hairstreak, Coontie Hairstreak, Eumaeus atala Röber (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Landolt, P.J. The Florida atala butterfly, Eumaeus atala florida Rueber (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), in Dade County, Florida.
		Rawson, G. The recent rediscovery of Eumaeus atala (Lycaenidae) in Florida.
		Permission is granted to others to use these materials in part or in full for educational purposes, provided that full credit is given to the UF/IFAS, citing the publication, its source, and date of publication.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /BODY_IN326 (1052 words)

	Butterflies Fauna Sinica: Lycaenidae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Early studies on Chinese Lycaenidae were mainly by western researchers.
		The present book is a summary of the research that recorded 515 species of Lycaenidae and 390 subspecies belonging to 146 genera from 1993 to the present.
		The species total confirms that China is among the richest countries in Lycaenidae, comparing favorably with neighboring countries and with the well-studied European and North American faunas.
	www.coronetbooks.com /books/butt3840.htm (130 words)

	InsectNet.com Forum - Lycaenidae ID needed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It is very important that you try to get that supplier to send you the data.
		If anyone has a copy the Indonesian volume on the Lycaenidae by D'Abrera, there should be photographs of both species.
		I've got Butterflies of West Malaysia and Singapore, by W.A. Fleming, and Volume Two has the Lycaenidae.
	www.insectnet.com /dcforum/DCForumID2/398.html (188 words)

	Publications
		Maes, D., W. Vanreusel, W. Talloen, and H. van Dyck (2004) Functional Conservation units for the endangered Alcon Blue butterfly Maculinea alcon in Belgium (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae).
		scabrinodis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) colonies by the endangered myrmecophilous butterfly Maculinea alcon (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae).
		Stankiewicz,A.M., M. Sielezniew and J. Sawoniewicz (2004) Neotypus pusillus (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), endoparasite of Maculinea nausithous (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) in Poland: new data on distribution with remarks on its biology.
	www.macman-project.de /publications2002.htm (875 words)

	Butterfly identification - the Lycaenidae (Blues)
		Personal observations and pictures from a butterfly garden in Cirencester, Gloucestershire and images from the English countryside
		These butterflies belong in the Lycaenidae (Blues) family.
		The upperside of the wings of the male are blue; the female's are blue or brown.
	www.butterflygarden.co.uk /b_id_gallery/blue.htm (140 words)

	QUODITCH BUTTERFLIES LYCAENIDAE
		The Lycaenidae comprise the Blues, Coppers and Hairstreaks.
		So far we have found four different members of the family.
		PHOTOGRAPHS on this web site may be freely used for non-profitmaking educational purposes.
	www.quoditch.org.uk /quoditchlycaenidae.html (377 words)

	Blues and Skippers
		The family of the Lycaenidae is generally referred to as Blues.
		True, a number of species are blue indeed, but they are only a portion of all species within this family.
		This page has been created October 19th, 2003.
	www.gardensafari.net /english/blues.htm (847 words)

	UK Butterflies - Lycaenidae
		To find out more about Butterfly Conservation and how you can get involved, click here.
		The Lycaenidae family contains species more commonly known as "hairstreaks", "coppers" or "blues".
		The vernacular names follow Emmet and Heath (1990).
	www.ukbutterflies.co.uk /species_family.php?name=Lycaenidae (76 words)

	Family: Lycaenidae (gossamer-winged butterflies) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Eastern Pigmy Blue, Brephidium isophthalma pseudofoea (Morrison) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
		Great Purple Hairstreak; Great Blue Hairstreak, Atlides halesus (Cramer) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
		Redbanded Hairstreak, Calycopis cecrops (Fabricius) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /TOPIC_Family_Lycaenidae (41 words)

	Painted Lycaenidae Butterfly Metal Wall Hanging - Medium - The GiftSellers
		Painted Lycaenidae Butterfly Metal Wall Hanging - Medium - The GiftSellers
		The wings have been cut in such a way that they are lifted up and away from the body, so that the butterfly appears to be in flight.
		Handcrafted gifts, Christmas gifts, Irish gifts, Painted metal sculpture, Caribbean decor, Caribbean steel drum art, Tropical designs, Stained glass jewelry boxes, Judaica, Stained glass sun catchers.
	www.thegiftsellers.com /pc/viewPrd.asp?idproduct=200 (140 words)

	Find in a Library: Conservation biology of Lycaenidae (butterflies)
		Find in a Library: Conservation biology of Lycaenidae (butterflies)
		To find this item in a library, enter a postal code, state, province, or country in the field above.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/bba11d1aac2ab5f1a19afeb4da09e526.html (44 words)

	Family Lycaenidae - Gossamer Winged Butterflies - BugGuide.Net
		Family Lycaenidae - Gossamer Winged Butterflies - BugGuide.Net
		Home » Guide » Arthropods (Arthropoda) »; Hexapods (Hexapoda) » Insects (Insecta) »; Winged Insects (Pterygota) » Butterflies and Moths (Lepidoptera) »; Butterflies (Papilionoidea) »; Gossamer Winged Butterflies (Lycaenidae)
		The family Lycaenidae contains many species, mostly small, many of them very rare.
	bugguide.net /node/view/194 (234 words)

	Butterflies of Southeastern Sulawesi (Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Riodinidae, Lycaenidae) - mainland, Buton, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Butterflies of Southeastern Sulawesi (Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Riodinidae, Lycaenidae) - mainland, Buton, Kabaena, Kep.
		Alternatively, click on a family or subfamily name to show thumbnail images of all species, which link to larger images.
		Images for Lycaenidae are already arranged in plates.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /butterflies/neotropica/sulawesi/checklist.html (2369 words)

	Landmarks for Schools: Science Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Photographer and butterfly enthusiast Mario Maier combined the talent of several European photographers to produce this magnificent European Butterflies Website.
		Available in English or German, the site offers crystal-clear color images of hundreds of butterfly species, organized by each of seven Families: apilionidae, Pieridae, Danaidae, Libytheidae, Nymphalidae, Satyridae, and Lycaenidae.
		Students can use these images in a game to identify the characteristics that distinguish the different families.
	www.landmark-project.com /page.php?stamp=&pn=1&psn=&cat=9 (4913 words)

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