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Topic: Lysogenic

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	lysogenic - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Lysogeny, or the lysogenic cycle, is one of two methods of viral reproduction (the lytic cycle is the other).
		If the lysogenic cycle is adopted, the phage chromosome is integrated into the bacterial chromosome...
		MySpace.com - Lysogenic Cycle - Den Bosch, NL - www.myspace.com...
	encarta.msn.com /lysogenic.html (179 words)

	Octamerization of lambda CI repressor is needed for effective repression of PRM and efficient switching from lysogeny ...
		lysogenic units (WLU), that is, relative to the wild-type lysogen.
		was not significant in the lysogen, the prophage induction
		of the phage decreased with increasing lysogenic CI concentration.
	www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/full/15/22/3013 (5658 words)

	Double Whammy: Lysogenic Conversion
		These findings were confirmed when they found that excision of the phage DNA by artificial or natural means restored the bacterium to its former innocuous state.
		The process by which a virus induces change in the characteristics of a bacterial host was named lysogenic conversion.
		Lysogenic conversion is involved in scarlet fever, and in some botulinum and staphylococcal toxins responsible for food poisoning.
	www.washington.edu /research/pathbreakers/1953a.html (371 words)

	Lwoff's Pathways - Viral Replication (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The lysogenic pathway was discovered in bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) in the early 1920s, but was not really understood until the 1950s, when it was explored at the cellular level by Andre' Lwoff, a French scientist.
		Later, Lwoff found that it was possible to artificially induce all the cells in a lysogenic culture to enter the lytic pathway simultaneously by exposing the cultures to UV light, or X-rays.
		The lysogenic path is one of several temperate pathways in which the host cell is not killed outright, but is occupied by the virus and used as a factory for replicating the viral genes.
	web.mit.edu /esgbio/www/cb/virus/phagereplication.html (827 words)

	Bacteriophage Lecture Notes
		The cell harboring a prophage is not adversely affected by the presence of the prophage and the lysogenic state may persist indefinitely.
		The decision for lambda to enter the lytic or lysogenic cycle when it first enters a cell is determined by the concentration of the repressor and another phage protein called cro in the cell.
		Lysogenic phages have been shown to carry genes that can modify the Salmonella O antigen, which is one of the major antigens to which the immune response is directed.
	pathmicro.med.sc.edu /mayer/phage.htm (1991 words)

	Phage
		Usually it is difficult to recognize lysogenic bacteria because lysogenic and nonlysogenic cells appear identical.
		Lysogenic conversion has some interesting manifestations in pathogenic bacteria that only exert certain determinants of virulence when they are in a lysogenized state.
		Only lysogenic streptococci produce the erythrogenic toxin (pyogenic exotoxin) which causes the skin rash of scarlet fever; and some botulinum toxins are synthsized only by lysogenic strains of C.
	www.bact.wisc.edu /themicrobialworld/Phage.html (2345 words)

	Marine Microbiology Group - Viromics
		With the support of an NSF Biocomplexity award, we are investigating the interaction of viral genomes with their environments by sequencing several temperate/pseudotemperate marine phage genomes.
		The occurrence of lysogeny in the marine environment is complex, as indicated by the seasonal distribution of lysogens we have observed in estuarine environments.
		We hypothesize that the lytic-lysogenic shift is the result of viral genes responding to environmental cues, neither of which are known at this time.
	www.marine.usf.edu /microbiology/viromics.shtml (370 words)

	Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The potential effect that induction of lysogenic bacteria has on bacteriophage production and bacterial mortality in coastal waters was investigated, and we present estimates for the percentage of lysogenic cells in a natural aquatic bacterial community.
		Using a steady-state model, if all lysogenic bacteria were induced simultaneously, 0.14 to 8.8% (average: 3.0%) of the total bacterial mortality would result from induction of lysogenic cells.
		If mitomycin C induces all or the majority of lysogenized cells, our results imply that lysogenic phage production is generally not an important source of phage production or bacterial mortality in the coastal waters of the western Gulf of Mexico.
	www.ocgy.ubc.ca /~suttle/pubs/cas_pap2.html (290 words)

	Bacteriophage Life Cycles: The Lysogenic Life Cycle
		Bacteriophages capable of a lysogenic life cycle (def) are termed temperate phages (def).
		In the latter case, the cycle begins by the phage adsorbing to the host bacterium or lysogen (def) and injecting its genome as in the lytic life cycle (see Fig.
		GIF Animation summarizing the lysogenic life cycle of a temperate bacteriophage.
	student.ccbcmd.edu /courses/bio141/lecguide/unit3/viruses/lysolc.html (531 words)

	RKI Isolation of a Lysogenic Bacteriophage Carrying the stx(1(OX3)) Gene, Which Is Closely Associated with Shiga ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		RKI Isolation of a Lysogenic Bacteriophage Carrying the stx(1(OX3)) Gene, Which Is Closely Associated with Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains from Sheep and Humans
		A bacteriophage carrying the stx(1(OX3)) gene (phage 6220) was isolated from a human STEC O146:H21 strain.
		The phage was able to lysogenize laboratory E.
	www.rki.de /cln_011/nn_225894/sid_AE6AC1D34DDF4DF93728437AC17F372D/nsc_true/SharedDocs/Publikationen/DE/2001/K/Koch__C,templateId=render,layoutVariant=StandardMitAbstract.html (312 words)

	Lysogenic Bacteria, Capable of Therapeutic Virus Liberation Subsequent to Tumor Cell Targeting
		Analogously, one might envision the lysogenic targeting cells as 'arterially shells' which subsequent to being adequately positioned, are detonated to explosively liberate virion shrapnel.
		Similar to the process of Jayawickreme, et al (44) a confluent layer of eukaryotic cells is covered with a thin layer of agarose within which individual members of a library of lysogenic bacteria are thinly dispersed.
		That is instead of utilizing lysogenic bacteria as in Figure 2, the bacteria as described by Harvey, et al could be utilized.
	www.wbabin.net /saba/saba21.htm (1810 words)

	Andre Michael Lwoff Summary
		He believed that the increase of phages in a lysogenic bacterial culture was due to a few susceptible, or phage-sensitive, bacteria.
		He placed one lysogenic bacterium in culture and watched it divide through nineteen generations of "daughter cells." Each generation was lysogenic.
		His studies of lysogenic bacteria, viruses, and his demonstration of the induction of the prophage provided the foundations for experiments in molecular biology.
	www.bookrags.com /Andre_Michael_Lwoff (4774 words)

	Viruses
		When viral DNA is in the lysogenic mode it is called a prophage.
		Lysogenic Conversion is the display of new properties by bacterial cells containing temperate viruses; toxins are only produced by many disease-causing bacteria when infected with a phage.
		Diphtheria, Scarlet Fever, and Botulism are all lysogenic bacteria toxins.
	www.hutchcc.edu /faculty/selsorj/Viruses8(rev).htm (1038 words)

	Bacteriophage Summary
		Bacteriophages may have a lytic cycle or a lysogenic cycle, however a few viruses are capable of carrying out both.
		In contrast, the lysogenic cycle does not result in immediate lysing of the host cell, those phages able to undergo lysogeny are known as temperate phages.
		Interestingly, as the lysogenic cycle allows the host cell to continue to survive and reproduce the virus is reproduced in all of the cell’s offspring.
	www.bookrags.com /Bacteriophage (3856 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Inhibition of spontaneous induction of lambdoid prophages in Escherichia coli cultures: ...
		resistance of lysogenic cells to infection by the same type of the phage [1,2], overlooking the presence of phages may be fatal for further cultivations.
		It is known that the 'lysis-versus-lysogenisation' decision depends on the physiology of the host and that starvation and low temperature favour lysogenisation rather than lytic development [1,2,3].
		The efficiency of lysogenisation was moderate in LB medium (though higher at the higher m.o.i.).
	www.biomedcentral.com /1472-6750/1/1 (2774 words)

	BioEd Online Slides: lytic, viruses, lysogenic, virulent phage, DNA
		After assembly, new viral offspring particles are released when the host cell disintegrates, or "lyses." In the lysogenic cycle, viral genomes remain dormant for long periods of time inside the host cell.
		On occasion, a switch from a lysogenic to a lytic cycle is triggered.
		The study of temperate phages, and the process whereby the lysogenic or lytic pathway is activated, has led to fundamental discoveries in mechanisms that control the regulation of gene expression.
	www.bioedonline.org /slides/slide01.cfm?q=lytic (952 words)

	Aflatoxin B1 Induction of Lysogenic Bacteria -- Lillehoj and Ciegler 20 (5): 782 -- Applied and Environmental ...
		Aflatoxin B1 Induction of Lysogenic Bacteria -- Lillehoj and Ciegler 20 (5): 782 -- Applied and Environmental Microbiology
		lysate of the lysogenic strain, after a 2-hr incubation with
		, the differential response of the lysogenic and sensitive
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/20/5/782 (157 words)

	The Bacteriophage Ecology Group News (July 1, 2000) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		During the lysogenic cyle an infected bacterium does not produce phage progeny nor release phage progeny into the extracellular environment.
		A temperate phage is one that is capable of displaying a lysogenic infection.
		Distribution of lytic and lysogenic life cycles in natural marine-virus communities; effect of viral lysis on bacterial mortality and element cycling; viral diversity and effect of phages on marine bacterial diversity; phage-host interactions; evolution of viruses and their subcellular relatives, the transposable elements.
	www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu /~sabedon/bgnws005.htm (13020 words)

	ABSTRACT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Two operons can be fused together with the aid of a lysogenic phage carrying the genes of one of the operons.
		Survivors on this ampicillin plate were lysogenic for MUD1, since the MUD1’s bla genes were assuredly inserted into the host’s genome.
		The survivors on these plates were also infected with the lysogenic phage, because MUD1 inserted its genes into the Arabinose operon, enabling the Arabinose sensitive mutants to become Arabinose resistant.
	userpages.umbc.edu /~jtai1/abstract.htm (301 words)

	Amazon.com: lysogenic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Lysogenic conversion of somatic antigens in Salmonella group C by Mary Murrell Ball (Unknown Binding - 1966)
		In the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA is...
		Et a bacterium lisognico adj lysogenic lisosoma in lysosome, cellular organelle...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=lysogenic&tag=lexico&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (1025 words)

	The Life Cycle of Lambda Phages
		In the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA circularizes and integrates into the host DNA.
		phages may transform from the lysogenic cycle to the lytic cycle.
		phage's lysogenic cycle and its transformation into the lytic cycle.
	www.web-books.com /MoBio/Free/Ch1F1.htm (150 words)

	Bacteriophage Lambda - Gene Expression to establish Lysogenic Growth
		Even if a phage is destined for lysogenic growth, very early expression is exactly the same as for lytic growth.
		During lysogenic growth, late gene expression depends on the action of the
		Without it -- or without enough of it -- lysogenic growth is not possible.
	www.mun.ca /biochem/courses/4103/topics/Lambda/lysogenic_expression.html (597 words)

	Information about Bacteriophages
		In general, there are two major types of phages, lytic and lysogenic.
		Lysogenic phages, on the other hand, integrate their DNA into the host DNA creating a prophage.
		Prophage can escape from the original host (by cutting not only its DNA back, but possibly some genes of the host bacterium as well) and can integrate into a different one (the process is called transduction).
	www.phages.org /PhageInfo.html (1289 words)

	Bacteriophage Lambda virus replication showing lytic and lysogenic cycles picture by Russell Kightley Media
		Above: graphic of Bacteriophage Lambda showing combined lytic and lysogenic processes.
		The bacterium finally breaks up (lyses - shown as a disruption of the bacterial cell at lower left) with the consequent release of progeny virions.
		LYSOGENIC - right hand side of diagram: here the DNA migrates to the bacterial chromosome (itself a circle of DNA, drawn in green) and joins the bacterial DNA, a process called integration.
	www.rkm.com.au /VIRUS/BACTERIOPHAGE/phage-lambda-replication.html (442 words)

	Lysogenic Conversion of Environmental Vibrio mimicus Strains by CTXPhi -- Faruque et al. 67 (11): 5723 -- Infection and ...
		Lysogenic Conversion of Environmental Vibrio mimicus Strains by CTXPhi -- Faruque et al.
		Lysogenic Conversion of Environmental Vibrio mimicus Strains by CTX
		Brussow, H., Canchaya, C., Hardt, W.-D. Phages and the Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens: from Genomic Rearrangements to Lysogenic Conversion.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/67/11/5723 (731 words)

	Prophage Genomics -- Canchaya et al. 67 (2): 238 -- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
		the lysogenic cell on their eventual induction (115).
		Sfi21 and BK5-T genes transcribed in the lysogenic host are indicated by arrows under the gene map.
		Genes are annotated as in the original publications (103, 129, 134).
	mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/full/67/2/238 (8689 words)

	Biology 572: Temperate bacteriophage methods
		As we learned in the previous lecture, the nature of immunity was discovered through the isolation of "clear mutants" of lambda that were unable to enter a lysogenic state.
		We may therefore grow a lambda phage carrying cI857 as a lysogen at low temperature, then induce lytic growth by simply moving it to a warmer incubator.
		The trick for screening is to plate the infected cells at 32 degrees centigrade and allow them to propagate as lysogens for a few hours.
	escience.ws /b572/L16a/L16a.htm (2010 words)

	Factors Controlling the Production of Lysogenic Cultures of B. megatherium -- Northrop and with the technical ...
		Factors Controlling the Production of Lysogenic Cultures of B. megatherium -- Northrop and with the technical assistance of Marie King 44 (5): 859 -- The Journal of General Physiology
		Articles by Northrop, J. The Journal of General Physiology, Vol 44, 859-867, Copyright © 1961 by The Rockefeller University Press
		lysogenic colonies depends on the number and kind of infecting
	www.jgp.org /cgi/content/abstract/44/5/859 (249 words)

	Why the Lysogenic State of Phage {lambda} Is So Stable: A Mathematical Modeling Approach -- Santillán and Mackey ...
		Why the Lysogenic State of Phage {lambda} Is So Stable: A Mathematical Modeling Approach -- Santillán and Mackey 86 (1): 75 -- Biophysical Journal
		when the lysogenic steady state and the saddle node collide
		the high degree of stability of the lysogenic state because,
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/abstract/86/1/75 (287 words)

	Brief Consideration of the Meaning of the Lysogenic Conversion in Salmonella anatum Phage System
		Uetake found that a non-lysogenic strain of Salmonella anatum (A) with antigenic structure 3,10 and sensitive to the phage
		When this new strain (with antigenic structure 3,15) is lysogenized by
		When the original strain A (with antigenic structure 3,10) is lysogenized in special conditions by
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v213/n5082/abs/2131263a0.html (192 words)

	Phages and the Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens: from Genomic Rearrangements to Lysogenic Conversion -- Brüssow et ...
		Phages and the Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens: from Genomic Rearrangements to Lysogenic Conversion -- Brüssow et al.
		Phages and the Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens: from Genomic Rearrangements to Lysogenic Conversion
		incremental contribution to the fitness of the lysogen.
	mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/full/68/3/560 (8266 words)

	Linked Transformation of Bacterial and Prophage Markers in Bacillus subtilis 168 Lysogenic for Bacteriophage ...
		Linked Transformation of Bacterial and Prophage Markers in Bacillus subtilis 168 Lysogenic for Bacteriophage {varphi}105 -- Peterson and Rutberg 98 (3): 874 -- The Journal of Bacteriology
		Level of competence reached by Bacillus subtilis 168 lysogenic
		105 lysogenic bacteria was used to transform other lysogenic
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/98/3/874 (149 words)

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