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	M43 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		M43 is actually a part of the Great Orion Nebula, M42, which is separated from the main nebula by an impressive, turbulent dark lane.
		The diffuse nebula M43 surrounds the irregular young "nebula variable" NU Orionis (HD 37061, attn: Not "nu Orionis") of magnitude 6.5-7.6 and spectral type BIV.
		It seems that M43 is excited to shine by this star, and contains its own, separate small cluster of stars which have formed in this part of the Orion nebula.
	www.intercom.net /user/shaffer/messier/m43.html (218 words)

	Orion Nebula Region
		M43, the small nebula surrounding the star just north of the main nebula, has a typical comma-like appearance, observable in a 4" but easier to see in a 6" telescope.
		Nebula filters like UHC, OIII or H-Beta improve contrast when viewing the nebula in a not-so transparent night, and the nebula looks different in each of them, which makes their use interesting even in a superb night.
		The Apeman Nebula NGC 1973/75/77 is a smaller piece of nebulosity at a small distance north of M42/43, surrounded by a group of bright stars.
	astro.nightsky.at /Photo/Neb/M42_M43_APO.html (1083 words)

	Sea and Sky's Astronomy Resources: Messier Objects M41 - M50
		M42, also known as the Orion Nebula or the Great nebula of Orion, is a gigantic cloud of gas and dust over 30 light years in diameter.
		M43 is also located in the constellation of Orion, and is actually part of M42, the Orion Nebula.
		M43 is easily visible in a 4-inch telescope, but an 8-inch instrument will reveal dark features and details along the nebula's eastern border.
	www.seasky.org /astronomy/astronomy_messier_41to50.html (981 words)

	M43
		Messier object M43 is a diffuse nebula which is located in the constellation Orion.
		M43 is located at 05 35.6 right ascension and -05 16 declination.
		It is commonly known as the de Mairan's nebula; part of Orion Nebula.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /messier_objects/m43.htm (82 words)

	Nebulae - Crystalinks
		These nebulae are usually red because the predominant emission line of hydrogen happens to be red (other colors are produced by other atoms, but hydrogen is by far the most abundant).
		Reflection nebulae are clouds of dust which are simply reflecting the light of a nearby star or stars.
		Reflection nebulae and emission nebulae are often seen together and are sometimes b oth referred to as diffuse nebulae.
	www.crystalinks.com /nebula.html (675 words)

	CCD Images - Hopkins Observatory
		This is an image of the "Crab Nebula" - the remnant of a supernova that exploded in the year 1054 A.D. This is an image of the "Lagoon Nebula" - a star fomation region in the constellation Sagittarius.
		The blue portion of the nebula is shining by reflected light from the stars embedded in the nebula.
		This is an image of M43, a nebula on the northern edge of the Orion nebula.
	www.apo.nmsu.edu /site/directory/kloomis/captions.html (533 words)

	M43 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		However, Charles Messier gave a separate designation of M43 in his catalog to a bright spot near the core of the Orion Nebula.
		The Orion Nebula is located about 1600 to 1900 light years away, and has a diameter of about 30 light years.
		Although this nebula looks spectacular in almost any telescope, the actual density of the gas in the nebula is less dense than a millionth of the density of gas in a laboratory vacuum here on Earth.
	members.cox.net /~k5xi/m43.htm (219 words)

	Messier Object 42
		The Orion Nebula M42 is the brightest diffuse nebula in the sky, and one of the brightest deepsky objects at all.
		The Orion Nebula was probably discovered in late 1610, when Nicholas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc (1580-1637), a French lawyer, turned his telescope to this region of the sky, and reported of a cloudy nebulosity.
		As the drawings of the Orion Nebula known to him did so poorly represent Messier's impression, he created a fine drawing of this Object, in order to "help to recognize it again, provided that it is not subject to change with time" (as Messier states in the introduction to his catalog).
	www.seds.org /messier/m/m042.html (1831 words)

	Stars, Stellar Systems, and Nebulae
		These nebulae are usually red because the predominant emission line of hydrogen happens to be red (other colours are produced by other atoms, but hydrogen is by far the most abundant).
		Description: NGC 6543, nicknamed the the Cat's Eye Nebula, is one of the most complex of the planetary class nebula, stars that throw of spheres of gas at the end of their lives.
		The famous ring nebula M57 is often regarded as the prototype of a planetary nebula, and a showpiece in the northern hemisphere summer sky.
	www.ing.iac.es /PR/science/stars.html (3176 words)

	The Great Orion Nebula
		The nebula is prominent in binoculars, and is breathtaking in small telescopes under low power which reveal complex twists and swirls of ghostly glowing gas, spread over a degree of sky.
		This marking is known as the Fish Mouth, and it separates the Orion Nebula from M43, another smaller nebula centered on the young irregular variable star NU Orionis.
		The Orion Nebula surrounds hot young stars at the edge of a huge interstellar molecular cloud, which lies 1,300 light years away and has a diameter of 15 light years.
	www.nightskyinfo.com /archive/orion_nebula (394 words)

	M 78 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		M78 is the brightest diffuse reflection nebula in the sky.
		The nature of M78 as a reflection nebula was discovered by Vesto M. Slipher of Lowell Observatory in 1919 At its distance, M78 measures almost 4 light years in extension.
		Stars of this type are main sequence stars which vary in brightness (by about 3 magnitudes) and spectral type (which is about F or G, and similar to the chromosphere of our sun), are 4 to 5 times brighter than their spectral type would suggest, and associated with nebulosity which may be bright or dark.
	www.messiermarathon.com /new_page_84.htm (263 words)

	Deepsky observing report NGC 869, NGC 884, Stock 2, M31, NGC 752, Harrington's STAR 14, M27, M1, M36, M38, NGC 1907, ...
		The Dumbbell nebula has a magnitude of 7.3 and it's size is 7′x 6′.
		M43 looks like a big comma to me, and is separated from M42 by a dark lane.
		The nebula looked just a little brighter (using lower magnifications) with the help of the filters, but I still could not detect "the eyes of the owl".
	www.backyard-astro.com /deepsky/2003_09_25/ITTday1.html (2726 words)

	eSky: Orion Nebula
		Not only is the Orion Nebula one of the most spectacular of nebulae, but it is also one of the easiest to locate, lying in the middle of the conspicuous Sword of Orion.
		It is in fact the brightest nebula in the sky.
		The nebula's reddish colouration betrays the predominance of ionised hydrogen in the parent cloud, but more complex molecules such as carbon monoxide have also been detected.
	www.glyphweb.com /esky/nebulae/orionnebula.html (340 words)

	The Great Orion nebula (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Orion Nebula is famous for a number of reasons.
		Its brightness led to it being the first nebula ever photographed (in 1882) and its proximity (1500 light years) means that we know more about it than any other star-forming region.
		The inner regions are glowing mainly in the red light of excited hydrogen, which together with some green emission from oxygen give the centre of the nebula a yellowish colour.
	www.aao.gov.au /images/captions/aat019.html (220 words)

	Iain McDonald's Astronomical Images Gallery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The 'blob' of stars near the centre of the image is the Trapezium, over-exposed to bring out the surrounding nebula.
		The first image is true colour, which shows the bright star which ionises the nebula, stripping the electrons from the hydrogen atoms.
		M43: Magnitude: 9.0, size: 20', part of Orion Nebula.
	www.astro.keele.ac.uk /~iain/gallery/m42.html (419 words)

	Orion Complex
		A giant cloud of interstellar gas and dust in the direction of Orion, approximately centered on the Orion Nebula (M42).
		This giant cloud, or complex of clouds, of interstellar matter and young stars contains, besides M42 and the neighboring DeMairan Nebula (M43), and the nebulosity associated with them (NGC 1973-5-7), a number of famous objects, including Barnard's Loop, the Horsehead Nebula region (also containing NGC 2024, or Orion B), and the reflection nebulae around M78.
		The stars of the Orion Nebula and of M43 form a subset of this group, and are sometimes separately counted as subgroup 1d – the very youngest stars of the Orion OB1 association.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/O/Orion_Complex.html (391 words)

	Jeff Burton's Astronomy Blog
		M 43 is separated from the monstrous Orion nebula by a thin dark lane.
		M 43 would be considered a prominent nebula in the night sky if it were located anywhere but next to the overwhelming Orion nebula.
		With the 12x60 binoculars, M 43 appears as a small, bright, round nebula on the northern edge of the large Orion Nebula.
	x.astrogeek.org /observations/log.php?object_id=53 (356 words)

	Clear Skies - February 13 1999
		The rest of the nebula, IC 434, that surrounds the star was easily seen.
		The middle star in the belt is embedded in another bright nebula, NGC 1990.
		Lastly, just east of the western most star in Orion's belt lies another bright nebula, M78, that is easily identified by two stars in the middle.
	www.eagen.com /astronomy/html/february_13_1999.html (408 words)

	M42 - The Great Orion Nebula (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Orion Nebula (M42) (NGC 1976) and de Mairan's Nebula (M43) (NGC 1982) appear in the constellation Orion.
		This is a star formation region and is the closest emission nebula.
		This image is from a 28-minute exposure at the prime focus of a 16" f/4.5 Newtonian using hypered Fuji HG400 film taken on 3 September 1995.
	www.astroimages.org /astrophotos/m42-2-14.html (102 words)

	Orion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		M43 part of the Orion Nebula, de Mairan's Nebula (diffuse nebula)
		The central "star" of the sword is actually not a star at all, but the Great Orion Nebula, one of the regions most studied by astronomers in the whole sky.
		Nearby is the Horsehead Nebula (IC 434), which is a swirl of dark dust in front of a bright nebula.
	www.astro.wisc.edu /~dolan/constellations/constellations/Orion.html (303 words)

	M42, the Orion Nebula
		The Orion Nebula complex is undoubtedly one of the most famous and beautiful areas of the entire night sky.
		It is easily visible to the unaided eye from a dark location as a patch of brightness surrounding Theta Orionis, the middle star in the sword of Orion the Hunter, the constellation which dominates the winter night sky.
		Located about 1500 light years away, the nebula glows red predominantly from the light of hydrogen gas excited by energetic newly formed stars in the heart of the nebula.
	www.astropix.com /HTML/B_WINTER/M42.HTM (255 words)

	ESA Science & Technology: M43: A Miniature Orion Nebula (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		A massive star is illuminating this small region, called M43, and sculpting the landscape of dust and gas.
		Astronomers call the area a miniature Orion Nebula because of its small size and the single star that is shaping it.
		The Orion Nebula itself is much larger and has four hefty stars that are carving the dust-and-gas terrain.
	sci.esa.int /science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=38616 (101 words)

	M42 Orion (Great) Nebula, M43 De Mairan's Nebula and Trapezium Stars
		This cloud complex also includes the Horsehead Nebula, M43, M78, and the Trapezium open cluster.
		Above it is the M43 De Mairan Nebula (NGC 1982).
		The M43 is a diffuse nebula that actually forms a part of the Orion Nebula.
	sciencepark.etacude.com /astronomy/stellar/more/ori_m42.html (469 words)

	RedOrbit - Gallery - NGC1976, Orion Nebula (M42, M43)
		The nebula and the brighter stars are very young indeed by astronomical standards, at about 30000 years.
		Stars are still being born in a dense cloud behind the nebula, but they are hidden from our view by a concentration of dust which reduces their light to only a million-millionth of its original intensity.
		The green glow of doubly-ionized oxygen is strongest near the intense ultraviolet starlight at the middle of the nebula.
	www.redorbit.com /images/gallery/nebulae/ngc1976_orion_nebula_m42_m43/113/70/index.html (579 words)

	Orion Star-Hop
		In that field of view (Figure 1) you have two bright nebula, plus the distinctive multiple star system known as "The Trapezium." When observing the complex, M42 overwhelms the field of view and seems to be everywhere.
		The nebula seems to fade in and out in direct vision and immediately stabilizes in averted vision; almost another "Blinking Nebula." At 143X, NGC 1999 is easily visible in direct vision.
		The center of the nebula is stellar and very sharply defined in appearance and perhaps even annular in structure.
	education.gsu.edu /spehar/FOCUS/Astronomy/star-hop/OrionStar-Hop.htm (657 words)

	More of M42 and M43 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		These images show the Great Orion Nebula M42 (NGC 1976) together with its smaller neighbor, De Mairan's Nebula M43 (NGC 1982), which is actually a part of the Great Nebula.
		These bright nebulae are actually the brightest part of a huge cloud of interstellar gas and dust which is several hundred light years across.
		This image was obtained by Sven Kohle and Till Credner of Bonn, Germany on October 26, 1995 at 4:19 UT with the 1.23-meter telescope of the Calar Alto observatory at f/4, exposed 10 minutes with a 2048x2048 WWFPP CCD camera and H-alpha filter.
	messier.obspm.fr /more/m042-043_more.html (267 words)

	Summer 2001 - The Summer Sky
		The large dark mass in this (negative) MIRA image is M42, the Orion Nebula, with M43 on its upper edge.
		The nebula is obscured on its east side by a dark cloud.
		About a half degree further north we find a complex region, dominated by the nebula NGC1977 and containing several smaller nebulae and some bright stars, the brightest of which are the double stars 42 and 45 Orionis.
	www.mira.org /newsletr/nlwin02/pg6.htm (1201 words)

	More M43 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		De Mairan's Nebula M43 (NGC 1982), as seen with the 4-meter Mayall telescope of Kitt Peak National Observatory.
		The M43 image shown here was cropped from a larger image of M42 and M43.
		This excellent image of M43 shows well the dark lane separating it from its larger neighbor, M42, the Orion Nebula.
	www.obspm.fr /messier/more/m043_more.html (299 words)

	Orion Nebula M42 / M43
		The Great Orion Nebula is one of the more well known objects in our Milky Way Galaxy - mainly due to its prominent display in the winter sky in the constellation of Orion.
		It is one of the brighter areas of a giant gas cloud covering about 10 degrees of sky.
		This image is actually two cataloged objects M42 - the Orion Nebula, and M43 - the little horned object in the upper left.
	jthommes.com /Astro/orion.htm (324 words)

	Messier Object 43
		Diffuse Nebula M43 (NGC 1982), an emission and reflection nebula, in Orion
		In his 1811 paper, Herschel states to have observed it as early as March 4, 1774, and cataloged it on November 3, 1783.
		The diffuse nebula M43 surrounds the irregular young "nebula variable" NU Orionis (HD 37061, attn: "N" "U" Orionis, not "Nu Orionis", i.e.
	www.seds.org /messier/m/m043.html (263 words)

	Cosmic Voyage-The Online Resource for Amateur Astronomers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		M42, The Orion Nebula, is arguably the greatest celestial treasure available to observers in mid-northern latitudes.
		Observers with large aperture should seek out the nearby Rosette Nebula, an equally stunning gem of the winter sky.
		The Orion Nebula owes its grand appearance to a grouping of four young, hot stars known collectively as the Trapezium.
	members.aol.com /billferris/m4243.html (323 words)

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