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	MD4 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		MD4 is a message digest algorithm (the fourth in a series) designed by Professor Ronald Rivest of MIT in 1990.
		Weaknesses in MD4 were demonstrated by Den Boer and Bosselaers in a paper published in 1991.
		A collision attack on MD4 (Presented at Eurocrypt 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/MD4 (315 words)

	MD4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		the Yamaha MD4S from its predecessor, the MD4.
		Until recently, the use of the MD4 digest algorithm was being pursued by the working group instead of MD5, since MD4's processing requirement is in the 5 to...
		In August 2004, researchers reported generating collisions in MD4 using "hand calculation" [1].
	hallencyclopedia.com /MD4 (428 words)

	! Aware to man pages: md4(3)
		MD2 is the slowest, MD4 is the fastest and MD5 is somewhere in the mid- dle.
		MD4 has been shown to have severe vulnerabilities; it should only be used where necessary for backward compatibility.
		The attacks on both MD4 and MD5 are both in the nature of finding ``colli- sions'' - that is, multiple inputs which hash to the same value; it is still unlikely for an attacker to be able to determine the exact original input given a hash value.
	www.rocketaware.com /man/man3/md4.3.htm (727 words)

	MD4 hash - AMule Project FAQ
		An MD4 hash is a unique value given as a result of a mathematical expression following the MD4 algorithm which claims to ensure data integrity.
		MD4 was developed by Professor Ronald L. Rivest of MIT and accepted by the RSA on October 1990 and then redesigned on April 1992.
		Both MD4 and its successor MD5 (which is an extension of MD4) are optimized for 32-bit machines, while its predecessor MD2 was optimized for 8-bit machines.
	www.amule.org /wiki/index.php/MD4_hash (179 words)

	MD4Init(3) - calculate the RSA Data Security, Inc., ``MD4'' message digest
		MD2 is the slowest, MD4 is the fastest and MD5 is somewhere in the middle.
		MD4 has now been broken; it should only be used where necessary for backward compatibility.
		The attacks on both MD4 and MD5 are both in the nature of finding ‘collisions’’ - that is, multiple inputs which hash to the same value; it is still unlikely for an attacker to be able to determine the exact original input given a hash value.
	www.gsp.com /cgi-bin/man.cgi?section=3&topic=MD4Init (539 words)

	RFC 1186 (rfc1186) - MD4 Message Digest Algorithm
		The MD4 algorithm is thus ideal for digital signature applications, where a large file must be "compressed" in a secure manner before being signed with the RSA public-key cryptosystem.
		The MD4 algorithm is being placed in the public domain for review and possible adoption as a standard.
		The final message digest is obtaining by appending the result of the second copy of MD4 to the end of the result of the first copy of MD4.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc1186.html (2367 words)

	RFC1186 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		RFC 1186 MD4 Message Digest Algorithm October 1990 Padding is performed as follows: a single "1" bit is appended to the message, and then enough zero bits are appended so that the length in bits of the padded message becomes congruent to 448, modulo 512.
		RFC 1186 MD4 Message Digest Algorithm October 1990 the bits of X, Y, and Z are independent and unbiased, the each bit of f(X,Y,Z) will be independent and unbiased, and similarly each bit of g(X,Y,Z) will be independent and unbiased.
		RFC 1186 MD4 Message Digest Algorithm October 1990 C = C + CC D = D + DD (That is, each of the four registers is incremented by the value it had before this block was started.) end /* of loop on i */ Step 5.
	rfc.net /rfc1186.html (2761 words)

	MD4 - a Whatis.com definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		MD4 is an earlier version of MD5, an algorithm used to verify data integrity through the creation of a 128-bit message digest from data input (which may be a message of any length) that is claimed to be as unique to that specific data as a fingerprint is to the specific individual.
		MD4, which was developed by Professor Ronald L. Rivest of MIT, is intended for use with digital signature applications, which require that large files must be compressed by a secure method before being encrypted with a secret key, under a public key cryptosystem.
		MD2, an earlier 8-bit version, MD4, and MD5, the latest version, have similar structures, but MD2 was optimized for 8-bit machines, in comparison with the two later formulas, which are optimized for 32-bit machines.
	searchsecurity.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci527478,00.html (318 words)

	RFC 1186
		The MD4 message digest algorithm is simple to implement, and provides a "fingerprint" or message digest of a message of arbitrary length.
		The level of security provided by MD4 should be sufficient for implementing very high security hybrid digital signature schemes based on MD4 and the RSA public-key cryptosystem.
		The level of security discussed in this memo by MD4 is considered to be sufficient for implementing very high security hybrid digital signature schemes based on MD4 and the RSA public-key cryptosystem.
	library.n0i.net /rfc/html/rfc1186.html (2633 words)

	MD4, Message-Digest Algorithm. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		It is conjectured that it is computationally infeasible to produce two messages having the same message digest, or to produce any message having a given prespecified target message digest.
		The MD4 algorithm is intended for digital signature applications, where a large file must be "compressed" in a secure manner before being encrypted with a private (secret) key under a public-key cryptosystem such as RSA.
		In addition, the MD4 algorithm does not require any large substitution tables; the algorithm can be coded quite compactly.
	www.networksorcery.com /enp/data/md4.htm (221 words)

	md4
		MD4 has been broken; it should only be used where necessary for backward compatibility.
		The attacks on both MD4 and MD5 are both in the nature of finding ``collisions'' - that is, multiple inputs which hash to the same value; it is still unlikely for an attacker to be able to determine the exact original input given a hash value.
		The original MD4 routines were developed by RSA Data Security, Inc., and published in the above references.
	resin.csoft.net /cgi-bin/man.cgi?section=3&topic=md4 (561 words)

	rfc1186
		Rivest [Page 2] RFC 1186 MD4 Message Digest Algorithm October 1990 Padding is performed as follows: a single "1" bit is appended to the message, and then enough zero bits are appended so that the length in bits of the padded message becomes congruent to 448, modulo 512.
		Append length A 64-bit representation of b (the length of the message before the padding bits were added) is appended to the result of the previous step.
		It is interesting to note that if Rivest [Page 3] RFC 1186 MD4 Message Digest Algorithm October 1990 the bits of X, Y, and Z are independent and unbiased, the each bit of f(X,Y,Z) will be independent and unbiased, and similarly each bit of g(X,Y,Z) will be independent and unbiased.
	ietfreport.isoc.org /idref/rfc1186 (2357 words)

	MD4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		MD4 is a message digest algorithm designed by Professor Ronald Rivest of MIT.
		In August 2004, researchers reported generating collisions in MD4 using "hand calculation".
		It is licensed under the GNU free documentation license.
	www.yotor.org /wiki/en/md/MD4.htm (109 words)

	md4
		This package is an implementation in Tcl of the MD4 message-digest algorithm as described in RFC 1320 (1) and (2).
		The MD4 algorithm is faster but potentially weaker than the related MD5 algorithm (3).
		For the programmer, the MD4 hash can be viewed as a bucket into which one pours data.
	tcllib.sourceforge.net /doc/md4.html (538 words)

	RFC1320 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		RFC 1320 MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm April 1992 The MD4 algorithm is being placed in the public domain for review and possible adoption as a standard.
		RFC 1320 MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm April 1992 License is also granted to make and use derivative works provided that such works are identified as "derived from the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm" in all material mentioning or referencing the derived work.
		RFC 1320 MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm April 1992 Security Considerations The level of security discussed in this memo is considered to be sufficient for implementing moderate security hybrid digital- signature schemes based on MD4 and a public-key cryptosystem.
	rfc.net /rfc1320.html (3154 words)

	RFC 1320 (rfc1320) - The MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm
		Output The message digest produced as output is A, B, C, D. That is, we begin with the low-order byte of A, and end with the high-order byte of D. This completes the description of MD4.
		Ends an MD4 message-digest operation, writing the the message digest and zeroizing the context.
		We do not know of any reason that MD4 would not be sufficient for implementing very high security digital-signature schemes, but because MD4 was designed to be exceptionally fast, it is "at the edge" in terms of risking successful cryptanalytic attack.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc1320.html (2739 words)

	Citations: MD4 message digest algorithm - Rivest (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		One of the design principles was to be fast on 32 bit machines in general, and on the Intel x86 family in particular.
		In the initial MD4 paper, Rivest suggests changing the IV, along with the other constants, and running two MD4 functions in parallel to generate longer digest values which indicates some flexibility in the....
		In the hash functions of the MD4 family, the bitwise combining operation used in the F function is changed several times during the operation of the compression function
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /context/45031/0 (1602 words)

	MD4 Description
		The MD4 records digitally to an MD Data disc with a sampling frequency of 44.1kHz, delivering flat frequency response from 20 Hz to 20kHZ with inaudible 0.01% total harmonic distortion (at 1kHz), at a signal-to-noice ratio of 85dB providing sound quality on par with compact discs.
		The MD4 offers the unique ability to play back all four tracks and mix them down to one or more tracks - an operation that until now could only be performed on multitrack recorders with five or more tracks.
		All MD4 operating modes, signal levels, disk and song titles, marker and other important indicators including total, remaining and elapsed time, are displayed in a large, two-color flourescent display panel which gives you quick at-a-glance confirmation of current operating status.
	www.watervalley.net /users/mcaldwell/md4.html (1194 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		MD2, MD4, and MD5 are cryptographic hash functions with a 128 bit output.
		MD2(), MD4(), and MD5() compute the MD2, MD4, and MD5 message digest of the n bytes at d and place it in md (which must have space for MD2_DIGEST_LENGTH == MD4_DIGEST_LENGTH == MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH == 16 bytes of output).
		MD2, MD4, and MD5 are recommended only for compatibility with existing applications.
	www.ibiblio.org /gferg/ldp/man/man3/md5.3ssl.html (238 words)

	Official eMule-Board -> Md4 Weakness
		He showed in it that a reduced version of MD4 is not one-way, meaning that for any 128bits digest you can create a file producing it.
		I didn't find someone that during the last 6 years proved that the full MD4 algorithm was one-way, but cryptanalysis experts recommend avoiding the use of MD4 or even MD5.
		But still, a different chunk than the original one with the same MD4 hash could be diffused and corrupt the whole file.
	forum.emule-project.net /index.php?showtopic=46817 (634 words)

	The RIPEMD-160 page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		MD4 and MD5 were developed by Ron Rivest for RSA Data Security, while RIPEMD was developed in the framework of the EU project RIPE
		The attack on MD4 requires only a few seconds on a PC, and still leaves some freedom as to the choice of the message, clearly ruling out MD4 as a collision resistant hash function.
		recommend that MD4 should not longer be used, and that MD5 should not be used for future applications that require the hash function to be collision-resistant.
	homes.esat.kuleuven.be /~bosselae/ripemd160.html (1704 words)

	Digest::Perl::MD4 - Perl implementation of Ron Rivests MD4 Algorithm
		The MD4 algorithm is defined in RFC 1320.
		MD5 in 8 lines of perl5 implemented and optimized for size by John Allen[3] and collected by Adam Back[5] .
		Conversion to MD4 algorithm by Ted Anderson .
	cpan.uwinnipeg.ca /htdocs/Digest-Perl-MD4/Digest/Perl/MD4.html (432 words)

	Description of MD4 Format (2004 Apr 30)
		MD4 is a newer 3D data format that appeared in Quake 3 (PR 1.29?).
		MD4 uses "bones animation" (aka "skeletal animation", "skeletal deformation", ???), unlike the explicit vertex listings in MD3 (the 3D version of animated cels).
		The MD4 file format from Id Software, Inc., should not be confused with Message Digest 4 algorithm from RSA Data Security, Inc., also called MD4.
	linux.ucla.edu /~phaethon/q3/formats/md4format.html (878 words)

	Q99: What are MD2, MD4, and MD5? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		MD2, MD4, and MD5 are message-digest algorithms developed by Rivest.
		While the structures of these algorithms are somewhat similar, the design of MD2 is quite different from that of MD4 and MD5 and MD2 was optimized for 8-bit machines, whereas MD4 and MD5 were aimed at 32-bit machines.
		It is basically MD4 with "safety-belts" and while it is slightly slower than MD4, it is more secure.
	www.x5.net /faqs/crypto/q99.html (373 words)

	Valery's blog - Passwords. Part III - NT Hash (MD4). (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		MD4 was invented in 1990 by Rivest and was designed specifically for software implementation on 32-bit machines.
		MD4 algorithm is defined as an iterative application of a three-round compression function.
		In 1995-1998 Hans Dobbertin has shown that two rounds of MD4 is not one way and that MD4 collisions cold be found in under a minute on a common, general purpose computer.
	www.harper.no /valery/PermaLink,guid,ecc09752-1942-4167-afae-040ab49ad9a4.aspx (1157 words)

	MD4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The MD4 message-digest algorithm is specified by RFC 1320 [1] This algorithm takes an arbitrary quantity of data and generates a 128-bit message digest from the input.
		The MD4 algorithm is faster but potentially weaker than the related MD5 algorithm [2].
		A tcl-only implementation of MD4 is now part of tcllib.
	wiki.tcl.tk /md4 (94 words)

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