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Topic: MacRobertson Air Race

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	Competition from KLM, 1931 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The end of the Postjager was in the MacRobertson Air Race in October 1934 where it crashed at Allahabad.
		The next through airmail by KLM to Australia was in October 1934 when their entry in the MacRobertson Air Race was a Douglas DC 2 carrying passengers and an official mail.
		The first regular air mail for Australia left Schipol Airport on 28 June and was flown on the established route to Batavia by DC 3.
	www.nzstamps.fsnet.co.uk /air/external/klm.html (1172 words)

	CrossRoads Access, Inc. Corinth History
		Robertson wrote a check for $75,000 with the provision the race would be named the MacRobertson after his company and that it would be made as safe as possible.
		The RAF air base Mildenhall was not without it's problems; the base was not yet completed although it had several large hangers to house the racing machines and there was much last minute work going on.
		Suspecting it was one of the air racers, the mayor called the engineer at the light plant and asked him to switch the town's street lights on and off in Morse code identifying the town as Albury.
	mlsandy.home.tsixroads.com /Corinth_MLSANDY/rt178.html (4005 words)

	Old Warden Park (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In 1934 Sir MacPherson Robertson offered a prize of £10,000 for the winner of an air race from England to Australia to mark the centenary of the foundation of the State of Victoria.
		Most entrants for the race were in existing aircraft designs, however de Havillands wanted to win the race and so designed an aircraft for this purpose, work starting in February.
		In the race G-ACSS arrived first in Australia and qualified for both prizes, one for fastest speed and one for the handicap race; however the race rules prevented both prizes being awarded to the same aircraft and so G-ACSS only received the main speed prize.
	www.shuttleworth.org /html/shuttleworth/air8.htm (453 words)

	Pangborn, Clyde Edward Papers 1918-1958
		The MacRobertson Air Race--from London, England to Melbourne, Australia-- was one of the premier air competitions in the world.
		Only an overheating engine on the last leg of the flight prevented them from finishing second with their Boeing 247-D. The MacRobertson Air Race proved to be Pangborn's last major air competition as he moved into manufacturing and industry positions with various companies as a test pilot and design consultant.
		Included are clippings concerning the Gates Flying Circus, the "Around-the-World" and trans-Pacific flights, the MacRobertson International Air Race, and his tour of the United States with the British Lancaster bomber during the Second World War.
	www.wsulibs.wsu.edu /holland/masc/finders/cg112.htm (3509 words)

	Spanish Civil War aircraft - Background
		Not only was it quickly realised that air warfare would be a vital part of any future conflict, but the availability of relatively cheap ex-military aircraft after 1918 led to a boom in interest in civil aviation, both for passenger/goods transport and for pleasure.
		Winning air races or setting records was seen by many aircraft manufacturers as the best way to impress potential customers, while at the same time aviators became celebrities
		An example of a typical air event of the 1930s was the MacRobertson Air Race of 1934, between Mildenhall (England) and Melbourne (Australia).
	www.zi.ku.dk /personal/drnash/model/Spain/background.html (532 words)

	History News Network
		The basic idea was that a bomber and an airliner or air transport are fundamentally similar: they are both big, heavy aircraft designed to carry a large payload over a long distance.
		These are secondary considerations for air forces (or at least are judged by different criteria): they want bombers which can get in to a target area and out again as fast as possible.
		With the occasional exception (such as the surprisingly fast times of the Douglas DC-2 and the Boeing 247 in the 1934 MacRobertson Air Race), by the late 1930s airliners literally couldn't keep up with military aircraft, and would simply have been target practice for fighter pilots.
	hnn.us /blogs/entries/29798.html (989 words)

	centenary air race 1934 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		the race officials are requested to control the arrival and departure of aircraft, the
		Where no satisfactory means are provided it will be in the discretion of the Technical examining officer what means shall be taken to check the contents of the fuel tanks including, if necessary, the draining of such tanks before any fresh fuel is taken in.
		Race Log Books shall be returned to Competitors on application after the necessary confirmatory particulars in connection with the race have been dealt with by the Organizers.
	www.jamesmccullough.0catch.com (3097 words)

	Microsoft Flight Simulator Century of Flight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		But racing was never about caution, whether it was Romans careening around the coliseum in their chariots, Olympic marathon runners pushing through 26 miles of pain, car drivers hurtling toward the wall at the Indy 500, or pilots vying for fame and glory in the air.
		For a race pilot and crew whose sights are set on achievement or gold, every other consideration pales when weighed against the lure of the prize.
		The Comet was actually built specifically for the MacRobertson Race - a contest devised by an Australian businessman who wanted to encourage air commerce and flights linking Australia and the rest of the British Commonwealth.
	www.microsoft.com /games/flightsimulator/aircraft_comet.asp (683 words)

	Motorsports Hall of Fame
		In the halcyon days of Air Racing, when the sport was front page news and at the forefront of aviation development, the public built an image of the pylon dusting speed flyer that was part myth and part reality.
		In 1934 he won the Thompson Trophy Race, was second in the Shell Speed Dashes and finished second in the Speed Division of the MacRobertson International Air Race from London to Melbourne.
		At the close of the 1939 Cleveland National Air Races at which he had won the Thompson Trophy for an unprecedented third time, Roscoe Turner announced his retirement from active competition.
	www.mshf.com /hof/turner_roscoe.htm (454 words)

	MacRobertson Air Race (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		To celebrate the centenary of Melbourne in October 1934, an air race was organised between England and Australia.
		Nine finished the race which was won by C.W.A. Scott and T. Campbell Black whose DH 88 Comet took under three days to get to Melbourne.
		The plane flew to Mildenhall on 19 October ready for the race on 20 October.
	www.nzstamps.fsnet.co.uk /air/air34/macrobertson.html (552 words)

	MacRobertson Miller Airlines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		MacRobertson Miller Airlines (MMA) was established in Australia in 1934.
		It was established by pilot Horrie Miller with the backing of chocolate millionaire Sir Macpherson Robertson who the same year backed the MacRobertson Air Race between Melbourne and London.
		Its initial services were between Adelaide and Broken Hill.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/MacRobertson_Miller_Airlines (185 words)

	aviation in australia – crossing oceans - atmitchell
		In 1934, the Victorian government organised an air race from London to Melbourne to celebrate the southern city’s centenary.
		Sponsored by Sir MacPherson Robertson it became known as the MacRobertson Air Race.
		With a prize of £15,000 there were initially 64 entrants from 13 countries, though by the time the race started this had fallen to just 20 entrants from seven countries.
	www.atmitchell.com /journeys/history/aviation/oceans.cfm (291 words)

	What we collect - Trans-Oceanic Air Mails
		The Daily Mail £10,000 prize for the first nonstop flight across the Atlantic from West to East was claimed by Alcock and Brown for their 14/15 June 1919 flight from St. John, Newfoundland to Clifden, Ireland where they crash landed in an Irish bog.
		In December 1969 another England - Australia air race was held.
		Flown Southampton to Botwood (backstamp on reverse 6 Aug 1939) with unofficial cachet.
	www.metroairpost.com /covers/transocean.html (442 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/MacRobertson Air Race
		The race was organised by the Royal Aero Club and would run from Mildenhall near London to Flemington Racecourse, Melbourne.
		There were 5 compulsory stops at Baghdad, Allahabad, Singapore, Darwin and Charleville, Queensland, otherwise the competitors could choose their own routes.
		Perhaps more significantly in the development of popular long-distance air travel, the second and third places were taken by passenger transports, with the KLM Douglas DC-2 Uiver gaining a narrow advantage over Roscoe Turner's Boeing 247-D, both completing the course less than a day behind the winner.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/MacRobertson_Air_Race (538 words)

	Airport Journals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The National Air Races and Aeronautical Exposition was held in Cleveland in 1929.
		The first race for the Thompson Trophy was held in September 1930 as part of the National Air Race program at Curtiss-Reynolds Airport near Chicago.
		In the 1938 Bendix Race, all pilots were required to possess instrument ratings and have radio equipment installed in their aircraft.
	www.airportjournals.com /Display.cfm?varID=0611039 (6341 words)

	Diverse Images
		When the post-war German Air Force was activated in the mid-fifties, Heinz Schmidt returned as an instructor and trained hundreds of young pilots on the Havard Mk IV and Fouga Magister at FFS 'A' Landsberg.
		Promised Spitfire air cover had not arrived and by the time Esmonde led the squadron into attack, Adolf Galland's Bf 109s and Fw 190s along with AA fire from the battlecruisers, destroyers and E-boats proved to be too deadly for the slow Swordfish bombers.
		Their 'load' was a contingent of the 1st Air Landing Light Regiment, R.A. The flight was, on the whole, uneventful and the landing straight out of the text-book.
	www.commercemarketplace.com /home/CollectAir/diverseimages.html (9444 words)

	National Archives of Australia - The Collection - Transport - Air (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The administration and control of air transport in Australia have their origins in Paris in October 1919.
		These responsibilities resulted in the passing of the Air Navigation Act 1920, the appointment of a Controller of Civil Aviation on 16 December 1920, and the establishment of a Civil Aviation Branch under the umbrella of the Department of Defence.
		Endurance and distance records were set and broken, leading to races, competitions and the emergence of numerous aviation personalities, as well as a steady number of search and rescue missions to recover missing or crashed aircraft.
	www.naa.gov.au /the_collection/transport/air.html (1482 words)

	aviation in australia – macrobertson air race - atmitchell
		The 1934 MacRobertson Air Race from England to Melbourne was divided into both speed and handicap divisions with no limits to aircraft size, power or crew.
		Initially, there were 64 entrants from 13 countries, but when the race started on 20 October 1934, the field had been reduced to 20 planes from seven countries.
		Winners of the speed section of the race were British fliers C.W.A. Scott and T Campbell-Black in a red DeHavilland 88 Comet, named Grosvenor House.
	www.atmitchell.com /journeys/history/aviation/air/macrobertson.cfm (314 words)

	The MacRobertson Air Race, 1934 – Narrative
		It was divided into a speed division – the winner being the first aircraft to reach Melbourne; and a handicap division, which allowed 16 days to finish, the winner having the lowest flying time based on a formula.
		Pioneering pilot Jim Mollison flew a route in 1931 between England and Australia which was adopted as the basis of the race's course.
		Irish entrant Colonel James C. Fitzmaurice was forced to withdraw hours before the race when his Bellanca, "Irish Swoop", proved to be overweight, and he was not willing to sacrifice fuel load.
	www.dc3airways.com /1934-1.html (565 words)

	SingaporeMoms - Parenting Encyclopedia - Douglas DC-2
		With United Airlines having a monopoly on the Boeing 247, the rival Transcontinental and Western Air issued a specification for an all-metal trimotor.
		As a token of this, KLM entered their first DC-2 PH-AJU Uiver (Stork) in the October 1934 MacRobertson Air Race between London and Melbourne.
		During the total journey time of 90 h 13 min, it was in the air for 81 h 10 min.
	www.singaporemoms.com /parenting/DC-2 (588 words)

	MacRobertson England to Australia Air Race (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Starting from Mildenhall on 20th October 1934, the MacRobertson England to Australia Air Race was in celebration of the centenary of the foundation of the Australian state of Victoria.
		The race was sponsored by Sir MacPherson Robertson with a prize fund of £15,000.
		The race was won by pilots Charles W.A. Scott and Tom Campbell Black, flying a deHaviland DH88 comet named "Grosvenor House" serial no. G-ACSS.
	freespace.virgin.net /paul.hunt3/history/air_race.html (211 words)

	Boeing 247 - passenger (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		With one engine inoperative it could climb and maintain altitude with a full load, and introduced a new feature for a civil transport aircraft by being equipped with pneumatic de-icing boots on wing, tailplane and fin leading edges to prevent ice accretion from reaching a dangerous level.
		Sixty examples of the Model 247 were ordered 'off the drawing board' to re-equip the Boeing Air Transport System, shortly to become a major limb of United Air Lines, and another 15 were ordered subsequently for companies or individuals.
		That built for Roscoe Turner and Clyde Pangborn (to compete in the England-Australia 'MacRobertson' air race of 1934) was provided with fuselage fuel tanks instead of the standard airline cabin equipment, and introduced NACA engine cowlings (to reduce drag) and controllable-pitch propellers with optimum settings for take-off and cruising performance.
	avia.russian.ee /air/usa/boeing-247.html (376 words)

	Douglas DC-2, Uiver (KLM)
		Towards the end of the race the Dutch encountered a severe electrical storm 200 miles short of Melbourne, Australia.
		The local radio station broadcast an appeal for volunteers with cars to drive to the local race track to light a landing path.
		Upon arriving at Melbourne, the Uiver finished first in its class and second overall in the race after flying 90 hours, 13 minutes and 36 seconds.
	www.oldbeacon.com /gallery/postma/postma-23.htm (434 words)

	Tom Campbell Black
		The official name of the race was " The Mac Robertson Air Race", Tom Campbell Black and Charles Scott won the "Speed Section" of the race in a phenomenal time of 71 hours, and won the First Place Prize of 10,000 Pounds and the MacRobertson Trophy.
		The race was over a 11,300 mile course, from the original 20 starters 11 finished, three planes crashed, in one case killing both crew members.
		The surface of the Sudd from the air is flat and green - and inviting.
	www.tomcampbellblack.150m.com (17048 words)

	Roscoe Turner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		He applied for the Air Services for World War I, but was rejected because of his lack of college education.
		In October of that year he applied for transfer to the Air Services again, and was this time was accepted for flight training in balloons and aircraft.
		He announced his retirement from active competition at the close of the 1939 National Air Races.
	www2.nemcc.edu /mspeople/roscoe_turner.htm (345 words)

	History DC-3
		The victory with the MacRobertson air race from England to Australia proved besides the efficiency of the DC-2.
		The internal-American air traffic grew between 1936 and 1941 by approximately 600 percent - and this with a nearly legendary flight safety balance.
		Still today Swiss airline "Classic air" are use two DC-3 from the year 1942 with increased panorama windows and modernized cockpit.
	www.bottdesign.de /historyDC3.htm (1003 words)

	'Mac' Robertson
		In the 1920s, Fitzroy and Collingwood were dominated by three men, John Wren, Squizzy Taylor and Mac who now employed several thousand people in his 'White City'.
		Some of the projects around Melbourne that resulted from his sponsorship include the MacRobertson Fountain behind the Shrine, the MacRobertson Bridge over the Yarra, the MacRobertson's Girls High School and the Herbarium at the Botanic Gardens.
		A full evaluation of the achievements of of MacRobertson by a person with a thorough knowledge of business and marketing as well as history is still to be written.
	www.whitehat.com.au /Melbourne/People/MacRobertson.asp (771 words)

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