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Topic: Macchiaioli

	800 Art Studio. 19th and 20th Century Painting. Major painters and their styles. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		They were called "Macchiaioli" because they used "spots" of color to accentuate the chiaroscuro.
		Increasingly, the Macchiaioli chose to paint in plein air, an essential prerequisite to studying every single vibration of light.
		Therefore they moved their easels outdoors: in their studios they certainly were unable to catch the tones of light necessary for their way of painting.
	www.800artstudio.com /en/painters.htm (742 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Macchiaioli style can very approximately be described as a form of pre- or proto-Impressionism in which macchie, the Italian word for blotches or dabs, are used boldly, rejecting drawing and form in favour of overall effect.
		The painter Telemaco Signorini was the first to use the ‘macchia’ reference in a positive way, acknowledging a sense of group identity for the Macchiaioli through their technique, which abandoned traditional chiaroscuro to juxtapose color and shadow with color and light in ‘blotches’ that gave a sketchy, overall idea of effects.
		At the particular moment in history in which the Macchiaioli painters lived, the fight for Italian independence, this interest in the here and now was intimately bound up in intense social interest and a fiercely democratic political orientation.
	jerryrosspittore.com /JerryRossStatement.htm (729 words)

	Egisto Sarri (Figline val d'Arno 1837 — Florence 1901). Biography. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		His artistic education was decidedly academic and his works were not affected by the deep transformations induced by the Macchiaioli’s stylistic revolution.
		As a result, his career never underwent any great changes and his paintings continued to be devoted to historical topics, Pompeian scenes and portraits of his contemporaries.
		Yet even though he did not share the artistic concerns of the Macchiaioli, Sarri’s great mastery and poetic sensibility are readily apparent in his art.
	www.800artstudio.com /en/sarri.htm (198 words)

	In Italy Online - I Macchiaioli: Pioneers or Bandits?
		Their relatively small but fascinating school was born during the 1840s, probably as a direct consequence of the Risorgimento, a movement whose dream was to unite the Italian peninsula under one government.
		fields of France, the Macchiaioli had developed their technique of capturing the moment, by means of bold strokes and "pools" of color which obeyed the artist's emotional reactions to the scene, rather than his intellectual awareness of it.
		One very important series of Macchiaioli paintings, those painted at the seaside resort of Castiglioncello, would not even have existed if the Martellis had not offered summer hospitality to one and all at their estate.
	www.initaly.com /regions/artists/macchia.htm (1122 words)

	The Saga of the Macchiaioli Paintings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The works are all by 'Macchiaioli', Italian ‘patch painters’, so called from their use of patches of colour to make their sketches.
		Setting aside Romanticism and history painting, they sought to capture the ephemeral effects of light in their swift, outdoor sketches and to translate these into finished studies which were more soundly based in optics than their predecessors’, and which observed the contemporary social scene as it actually was.
		The 'Macchiaioli' have not always been widely appreciated in their own country, although from an early date their paintings were sought by French and English speaking collectors.
	www.cityofdunedin.com /city?page=feat_macchiaioli_art (1216 words)

	Tallulahs Description of The Macchiaioli
		The Macchiaioli (pronounced "mah-key-ay-OH-li") was a relatively small but fascinating school was born during the 1840s, probably as a direct consequence of the Risorgimento, a movement whose dream was to unite the Italian peninsula under one government.
		As the first Impressionists were setting up their easels in the fields of France, the Macchiaioli had developed their technique of capturing the moment, by means of bold strokes and "pools" of color obeying the artist's emotional reactions to the scene, rather than his intellectual awareness of it.
		For most of their lives, the Macchiaioli were misunderstood, criticized and ridiculed.
	tallulahs.com /macchiaioli.html (284 words)

	Rondinet - Associazione culturale
		He was one master of the future Macchiaioli painters and the uncontested protagonist of the new historical-romantic taste which a lot of interest collected in his town.
		Cecioni wrote “For Macchiaioli painters all is fine in nature from the art point of view and the blob consisted in rendering the impressions that received from alive by means of blob of light and dark colours, every one provided of a proper value to measure with the matching.
		Also for the Macchiaioli of the early period of their revolution, which was on from the end of the Fifties and the beginning of the Sixties, they lead to the extreme point with violent contests; later, during the Sixties, the decade of maturation, they pass to a more moderate behaviour.
	www.rondinet.it /inglese/editoriali.php?id=92 (6312 words)

	AllRefer.com - Macchiaioli, I (European Art, 1600 To The Present) - Encyclopedia
		Macchiaioli, I, European Art, 1600 To The Present
		Macchiaioli, I[E mAk-kEIO´lE] Pronunciation Key, a group of Italian artists active primarily in Florence c.1855–65.
		Influenced by members of the Barbizon school, the Macchiaioli reacted against stilted academic art and worked to emphasize painterly immediacy and freshness.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/M/Macchiai.html (201 words)

	Macchiaioli -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Online Article
		The Macchiaioli felt that patches (macchia) of colour were the most significant aspect of painting.
		The Macchiaioli used a sketch technique to record their initial impressions of nature—often as seen from a distance—by means of colour and light.
		Their theory, similar to that of the French Impressionists, was even more concerned with the experimental use of colour.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article?tocId=9370830 (113 words)

	florencevillas.com
		From the 1850s to the turn of the century Tuscany had a flourishing group of painters known as the Macchiaioli, a name that literally translates as "the spotters" -- a disparaging reference to their use of dabs of color that they adopted as their name in a perverse display of contempt towards the critic.
		Though speaking of dabs again brings to mind the Impressionists, the Tuscans were already working in that direction before they became aware of their French contemporaries.
		A visit would make a nice day trip from Florence; Livorno is about an hour by train, and also has the fortified port the Medicis built in the 1500s to reduce their dependence on Pisa.
	www.florencevillas.com /macchiaioli_pop.htm (532 words)

	Discoveritalia - Notebook of events - The Macchiaioli Padova (PD)
		The aim is that of investigating organically and correctly, from a scientific point of view, the art of the Macchiaioli (movement that originated in Florence in the mid-19th century), assessing the great importance it had in the European painting of the19th century.
		Among the various painting movements of the Italian 19th century, that of the Macchiaioli was the movement that contributed the most to the renovation of traditional aesthetics: even though it developed only in Tuscany, it became renowned all over Italy thanks to its original solutions, fundamental in the European realism.
		The Macchiaioli, overbearing and firm in criticizing their masters, derive their strength and imagination from the lively atmosphere of a liberal, modern Florence, the favourite destination for writers, musicians and philosophers, shelter of politicians, exiled from other Italian Sates, and also stable or temporary residence of rich and cultured strangers.
	www.discoveritalia.com /agenda/schedaEvento.asp?IDevento=4369&lingua=en (274 words)

	Medici Gallery: Fabio Calvetti Collection
		These “macchiaioli painters” took their name from a disparaging remark made by a critic at the time.
		Depending on the translation,, “macchiaioli” means either to spot or to stain.
		The Macchiaioli movement is one of the most important artist movements in Italy towards the end of the 19th century.
	www.medicigallery.com /magazzini.htm (339 words)

	artnet.com: Resource Library: Signorini, Telemaco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		He was a major figure of the MACCHIAIOLI group, painting primarily landscapes, seascapes and street scenes in towns and villages in Tuscany and Liguria.
		As with many of the Macchiaioli, he did not always date his paintings, and their chronology must be deduced from exhibition catalogues and other contemporary sources.
		As a writer and critic he was the most ardent spokesman for, and promoter of, the Macchiaioli and wrote with insight and cutting wit about the art world of the second half of the 19th century.
	www.artnet.com /library/07/0786/T078659.asp (189 words)

	Genova Palazzo Ducale - Mostra - Romantici
		Mazzini was a man of great culture who firmly believed that making Italy into a true nation depended not only on renewing society and individual consciousnesses but also on the cultural unification of the country.
		Here on display are paintings by the so-called Macchiaioli, revolutionary painters inspired by democratic and republican Mazzinian principles who sought to lay the groundwork for a new society by creating an absolutely different art.
		They developed a style of painting that was an alternative to Romanticism, where the message was conveyed not by narrative procedures or melodramatic expedients but by forms and colours — an approach later to be found also in the Impressionists.
	www.palazzoducale.genova.it /eng/naviga.asp?pagina=1482 (348 words)

	Outdoor Painting :: History ::
		He was wounded in battle and lost his right eye in the attack of Capua.
		After the Exposition, at the encouragement of the other members of the Macchiaioli, Abbati gave up painting interior scenes in his studio.
		On February 21, 1868, Abbati was bitten by his dog and died in Florence of rabies.
	www.outdoorpainting.com /History/Giuseppe-Abbati.php (304 words)

	Gigi Livorno - Il WWW ZOO - Vista Point - Leghorn Art
		The Macchiaioli (from the Italian macchia, meaning a stain or blot) were a group of Italian artists who, between 1855 and 1865, reacted against the prevailing academic schools of painting.
		The movement was an attempt to return to the Tuscan tradition of painting that had given rise to such quatrocento masters as Fra Angelico and Piero della Francesca.
		Working mainly in Florence, the Macchiaioli used individual blobs or touches of paint.
	digilander.libero.it /gigilivorno/html/livornoarteus.htm (609 words)

	Agence France Presse Spanish: Centroamérica admirará pinturas de los "macchiaioli" italianos del siglo XIX@ ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Agence France Presse Spanish: Centroamérica admirará pinturas de los "macchiaioli" italianos del siglo XIX@ HighBeam Research
		Centroamérica admirará pinturas de los "macchiaioli" italianos del siglo XIX
		La más importante colección de pinturas jamás vista fuera de Italia de los "Macchiaioli", el movimiento pictórico italiano más importante del siglo XIX, precursor del impresionismo francés, se exhibirá a partir del lunes en San José, y luego podrá ser admirada también en Belice y Panamá.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:70166652&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf&COOKIE=NO&token=ED0771C2250B46899759C2C4D4C2AC9D (203 words)

	Shaving Cream (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Federico Zandomeneghi Portrait of Diego Martelli (1879) Diego Martelli, who can be defined as a "patron" of the painters of the Macchiaioli school, is painted here by Zandomeneghi, in an intimate setting in his rented house.
		We can appreciate the incredible skill of the painter in catching the true spirit of Martelli, intelligent and sly, and the chromatic opportunities given by the objects in the apartment.
		A follower of Garibaldi, on his return from Sicily he took up residence in Florence only to return later to Venice where he was arrested by the Austrians.
	www.drtaffi.com /inglese/article.php?id=48 (332 words)

	2-person show: Jerry Ross and Clarice Zdanski - Barios Bar - Absolutearts.com
		This exhibit of works document the research of two painters who, using the approach to European painting of late 19th Century, especially influences from the "I Macchiaioli" school, have found a direction and have applied these ideas to produce a powerful new statement.
		They were the "Macchiaioli" because they used "spots" of color to accentuate the chiaroscuro abandoning the idea that "drawing" should necessarily precede the application of color.
		I study the Macchiaioli as well as the "post-Macchiaioli" painters (1880-1920) students of Fattori, Lega, and Tommasi.
	www.absolutearts.com /cgi-bin/news/arts-news-elaborate.cgi?output_number=20&find=7139 (820 words)

	Home Livorno (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Amedeo Modigliani and Giovanni Fattori were born in Livorno, and the Macchiaioli School found inspiration in the colours, atmosphere and culture that characterise this area.
		Works of nineteenth and early twentieth century Tuscan painters are displayed in the Giovanni Fattori Civic Museum, and frequent temporary exhibitions promote international links with Livorno and Tuscan painting traditions.
		Important exhibitions such as the recent very successful show dedicated to Diego Martelli, are also held at Castello Pasquini in Castiglioncello, cradle of the Macchiaioli.
	www.costadeglietruschi.it /htmlen/artePittura.asp?default=arte (80 words)

	ART / 4 / 2DAY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In Tuscany he frequented the Florentine painters known as the Macchiaioli, with some of whom he took part in the Third Italian War of Independence (1866).
		In this period he painted the Palazzo Pretorio of Florence (1865), in which the building, represented in the historical—romantic tradition, is redeemed by a remarkable sense of air and light, elements derived from the Macchiaioli.
		Zandomeneghi moved to Paris in 1874 and identified increasingly with the Impressionists.
	www.jcanu.hpg.ig.com.br /art/art4dec/art1230.html (3407 words)

	MSN Encarta - Macchiaioli
		Macchiaioli, group of Italian painters that formed in Florence in 1850.
		The term Macchiaioli is derived from macchia, meaning “spot” or “blot” and...
		Become a subscriber today and gain access to:
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761580956/Macchiaioli.html (77 words)

	ELIHU VEDDER 11836
		Vedder and Costa traveled together to the hill towns around Tuscany where they painted directly from nature, at times selecting the same subject so as to compare their techniques and results.
		Vedder's friendship with Costa seems to have brought him into contact with the Macchiaioli style at an early stage in its formation and prompted his appreciation, unique among American artists, for the innovative naturalism of the Macchiaioli landscape- sketching technique.
		Using rather broad patches of chalky colors in thick, grainy paint, Vedder began to paint landscapes very different from those of his American colleagues, in which clear geometry, a preference for plain, flat surfaces, and an exaggerated canvas width prevail.
	www.butlerart.com /pc_book/pages/elihu_vedder_11836.htm (529 words)

	VirtualTourist.com - Livorno Tips - Pictures, Tips and Reviews
		Infos from Macchiaioli museum Around the middle of the last century, the most important and active movement of Italian nineteenth century was born in Florence: that of the Macchiaioli.The school of the Macchiaioli was begun as a contraposition to the academicism that had characterised the first half of the century, with its historical paintings.
		The theory was that the philosophy of this pictorial movement, that chronologically preceded French impressionism, and that for certain aspects was similar to it, was that of the spot.
		The museum also displays works of other Macchiaioli painters, such as Telemaco Signorini and Silvestro Lega.In the museum are also such works as Ritratto by Arturo Conti,Il Fienaiolo,and Testa di Ciociaro by Plinio Novellini,a painter from Leghorn and a pupil of Fattori,who left the Macchiaioli movement to go to divisionism.
	www.virtualtourist.com /travel/Europe/Italy/Tuscany/Livorno-149243/Local_Customs-Livorno-BR-1.html (874 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: The Macchiaioli: Italian Painters of the Nineteenth Century (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Macchiaioli were mid-19th-century painters whose work has some of the color quality and vividness of Impressionist sketches.
		Broude (American University) has explored the historical contextthe unification of Italyin which this movement, disaffected by Academic art, grew.
		An attractive book on an aspect of art history not previously explored in English, this is recommended for scholarly art libraries.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0300035470 (244 words)

	Macchiaioli -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The Macchiaioli felt that patches (Italian: macchia) of colour were the most significant aspect of painting.
		"Macchiaioli." Encyclopædia Britannica from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.
		They believed that the effect of a painting on the spectator should derive from the painted surface itself,...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9049647 (362 words)

	Firenze-Oltrarno.net: Gallery of Modern Art
		In Room 13 is exposed a Self-portrait by Giovanni Fattori (1825-1908), the most famous of the "macchiaioli" painters;
		Room 14 is dedicated to the so-called "School of Staggia", the Tuscan group of landscape-painters established in 1854 by the Livornese artist Serafino de' Tivoli;
		Other paintings by Macchiaioli are to be seen in Rooms 21-27, where are also exposed some paintings depicting episodes of the Italian Risorgimento.
	www.firenze-oltrarno.net /english/arte/t-mod.html (226 words)

	Residenza Re Porsenna in Chiusi, Italy Bed and Breakfast Inn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Each room has a full private bathroom (all with shower), telephone, hairResidenza Re Porsenna is a beautifully refurbished building dating to the beginning of the XIXth century.
		The seven rooms are tastefully decorated with antique furniture that recalls the atmosphere of the "Macchiaioli", the Tuscan impressionists.
		A large room, where breakfast in the morning is served, is available to guests for cardgames, reading or just relaxing.
	www.innsite.com /inns/B006757.html (221 words)

	Telemaco Signorini, riding figures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		LITERATURE: 'Mostra di disegni di Telemaco Signorini', catalogue of the exihibition at the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna, Rome, 1969; no. 440, illustrated.
		Signorini was a writer, theoretician and the spokesman for the Macchiaioli.
		He was also the first of the group, together with Borrani, to paint outdoors.
	www.mattiajona.com /schede/signorinicav.html (161 words)

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