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	Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis (June 21, 1839 - September 29, 1908) was a Brazilian realist novelist, poet and short-story writer born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
		Machado de Assis began by writing popular novels which sold well, but are not read much nowadays.
		Machado de Assis was fascinated with the theme of jealousy and wrote many novels with the theme; Dom Casmurro can be said to be the greatest one of all, as illustrated by Brazillian critics arguing over whether Capitu was guilty or not.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Machado_de_Assis (661 words)

	Who Was Machado de Assis?
		Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1839 to a Portuguese mother and a Brazilian mulato father.
		Machado's sonnet dedicated to the beloved Carolina on the occasion of her death is now one of the classic poems of the Portuguese language.
		Machado's characters frequently speak of a desire for parenthood or express their anxiety if deprived of that state.
	www.fll.purdue.edu /publications/espelho/Who.html (745 words)

	Table of Contents and Excerpt, Graham, Machado de Assis
		Machado began writing early and was acclaimed by the time he was twenty-five years old, but it was not until a serious bout with illness and a long convalescence in the late 1870s that he gave voice to his great insights into the human soul.
		Machado must be understood in light of the "conventions, attitudes, ideologies, and 'institutions"' of his own time even if he questions and satirizes them; he cannot simply be parachuted into a later epoch.
		Although Machado allows the reader choice, not telling us whether or not to believe the narrator (was his wife faithful or not?), by the same token we are given the freedom to examine things more pensively or not, depending on our inclination, and Machado would have preferred us to read with questioning attention.
	www.utexas.edu /utpress/excerpts/exgramac.html (2162 words)

	Machado de Assis
		Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis was born in Rio de Janeiro, the son of a mulatto house painter and a Portuguese woman.
		Machado de Assis was a sharp observer of the human mind and he revealed its dark sides.
		In Machado's verse is seen the influence of the serenity of the French Parnassians, and his novels have been compared to those of Henry James in their psychological depth.
	www.kirjasto.sci.fi /machado.htm (1304 words)

	Brazil: Constructions of A Culture
		Concluding with Machado de Assis (1839-1908) as one of the major symbols in Brazil before the 20th century illustrates how contradictions in society played an essential role towards independence and an insight to the resilience in the Brazilian character.
		Machado de Assis was born epileptic, an orphan at a young age, half-educated, and said to have been born fl and died white.
		Machado de Assis's work is just a reminder to the world of the uncertainties and contradictions that existed in Brazil at that time.
	userwww.sfsu.edu /~lisalis/odyssey/brazil_machado.html (554 words)

	MACHADO DE ASSIS 2
		Machado de Assis: The Pyramid and the Trapezium, Raimundo Faoro analyzes the social pyramid, that is, the class structure of society, the web of ambition and influence and the play for power in the shadow of the personal power, now a myth, of the Emperor himself.
		Machado was accused of deliberately ignoring slavery and related racial issues, as opposed to Lima Barreto, his contemporary, who took the color of his skin and made it the symbol of a type of literature political in nature.
		In this short story, Machado is equal or superior to his French master, through the skill of the narrator, the supreme craft of diction, his somewhat perverse, though complete, narrative and thanks to the use of an interior monologue in which Camilo's thoughts suggest a happy ending for the conflict involving the three characters.
	www.vidaslusofonas.pt /machado_de_assis2.htm (8144 words)

	nave da palavra - Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas parte I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Aí vinham a cobiça que devora, a cólera que inflama, a inveja que baba, e a enxada e a pena, úmidas de suor, e a ambição, a fome, a vaidade, a melancolia, a riqueza, o amor, e todos agitavam o homem, como um chocalho, até destruí-lo, como um farrapo.
		Eram as formas várias de um mal, que ora mordia a víscera, ora mordia o pensamento, e passeava eternamente as suas vestes de arlequim, em derredor da espécie humana.
		Talvez por apressar a natureza, obrigavam-me cedo a agarrar às cadeiras, pegavam-me da fralda, davam-me carrinhos de pau.-Só só, nhonhô, só só, dizia-me a mucama.
	www.navedapalavra.com.br /memoriaspostumas/memorias01.htm (5480 words)

	Brazil - BRAZZIL - Machado de Assis's Capitu and Dom Casmurro Reach a Young 100 - Brazilian Literature - February 1999
		Machado de Assis, considered Brazil's greatest writer ever, was born on June 21, 1839.
		The publication in 1897 by Sílvio Romero of Machado de Assis, a very critical book, would have encouraged the author to write what he thought was his most intense and vivid story that he kept under wraps until then.
		The ABL (Academia Brasileira de Letras—Brazilian Academy of Letters), which was created and first presided over by Machado de Assis, has planned a series of conferences and debates to celebrate the Dom Casmurro's centennial.
	www.brazil-brasil.com /p08feb99.htm (882 words)

	Machado de Assis
		O lenço de Desdêmona tem muito a ver com a sua morte, "mas a alma ardente e ciumenta de Otelo, a perfídia de Iago e a inocência de Desdêmona — estes são os principais elementos da ação".
		A prática de tal modelo de história curta, forçando o autor a uma súmula filosófica, há de ter aberto a Machado outra vertente, que se notabiliza pela economia de meios: o ficcionista torna-se aí essencial, despojado, seco, direto, extremamente conceptual.
		Machado abre as portas da sugestão — aquela sugestão a que Stevenson se referiu como sendo capaz de fazer de um jornal diário nova Ilíada.
	www.vidaslusofonas.pt /machado_de_assis.htm (7083 words)

	Machado de Assis - greates Brazilian writer
		In his maturity, Machado published also Esau and Jaco (1904) and Memorial de Aires (1906); the latter, a set of reminiscences of an old man, is considered by some the best novel of Machado´s.
		Short novels were a perfect means for Machado to exercize his extraordinary capabilities in capturing and describing the human nature: ordinary people in ordinary situations are led, by minute details, to unexpected reactions; Machado doesn´t explain the reasonings behind the actions of the characters (as, e.g., Marcel Proust did), leaving this task to the readers.
		Machado was founder and first President of Brazilian Academy of Literature; he died on 29th September 1908.
	www.v-brazil.com /culture/literature/machado-de-assis.html (544 words)

	Center for Latin American Studies, UC Berkeley
		Machado de Assis was part of that generation.
		One of the concerns of this Brazilian illuminist generation was the establishment of an institution capable of preserving the language and promoting the development of the intellectual life of the country.
		I was a regular visitor of Machado’s house for two months and I was able to personally experience its hospitality: I felt “at home” since the very first day because the staff of the Academy’s library put all of its resources at my service after only a brief introduction and explanation of my interests.
	socrates.berkeley.edu:7001 /Research/graduate/summer2003/gonzalez (1216 words)

	ASSIS, Joaquim Maria Machado de, Holograph Manuscript of the poem Uma creatura. [sic] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		ASSIS, Joaquim Maria Machado de, Holograph Manuscript of the poem Uma creatura.
		Uma creatura [sic] belongs to Machado de Assis's Parnasian epoch (1879-1880), and is part of Ocidentais, a collection that appeared for the first time in his Poesias Completas (1901).
		The Fleiuss Patriarch, German born Henrique Fleiuss, was the founder of Semana Ilustrada and the pioneer of illustrated humor in Brazil.
	www.polybiblio.com /lameduck/151.html (501 words)

	Un hombre célebre - J. M. Machado de Assis - Ciudad Seva
		Amante de la risa y la diversión, a pesar de los sesenta años a los que ingresaba, y aquélla fue la última vez que se divirtió y rió, pues falleció en los primeros días de 1876.
		De una casa modesta, a la derecha, a pocos metros de distancia, brotaban las notas de la composición del día, sopladas por un clarinete.
		De a ratos se acercaba al piano y, de pie, hacía sonar una que otra nota suelta en el teclado, como si buscase algún pensamiento; pero el pensamiento no aparecía y él volvía a apoyarse en la ventana.
	www.ciudadseva.com /textos/cuentos/por/machado/hombrece.htm (3335 words)

	Longman Anthology of Short Fiction Online Chapter 4 -- Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis is considered the most important Brazilian writer of the 19th century, and his influence on 20th century Latin American literature has been well documented.
		Historical critics look to Machado de Assis’ fictional representations of the political, social, and cultural happenings of 19th century Brazil.
		Machado de Assis’ style is characterized by understatement, dark humor, and irony.
	occawlonline.pearsoned.com /bookbind/pubbooks/gioialasf_abl/chapter4/custom11/deluxe-content.html (170 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Epitaph of a Small Winner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Machado de Assis employs his usual style---160 short chapters in 223 pages---with the title of each chapter used to spice up the progress of the novel, which in turn is full of irony, with, whimsy, and very clever writing, full of ingenious metaphors.
		Machado de Assis is regarded as "Brazil's finest writer." I do not agree with this point of view, since the country has many fantastic writers, such as Jose de Alencar and Aluizio Azevedo.
		Machado de Assis was an ingenious author, prefiguring such diverse talents as Jorge Luis Borges, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Franz Kafka, John Barth, and even Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0374521921?v=glance (1744 words)

	EIAL XI2 - Machado de Assis, Reflections on a Brazilian Master Writer
		The critics suggest different interpretations on Machado's place in the history of Brazilian literature, on his ways of constructing the narratives and on the means --or lack thereof-- used by translators to reconstruct them.
		Instead, through the examination of four of Machado's novels, the essayist observes the author's focus on the hierarchical system of the Brazilian society of Machado's time, observing his interest in the existing societal dichotomy of oppressed and oppressors, in the rural and urban communities of his Rio de Janeiro.
		Daphne Patai indicates a number of false translations of Machado's novels, clearly referring to the existence of at least one English version where entire chapters were cut off, without any note addressed to the readers that might clarify the reason, if any, for the exclusion of parts of the novel.
	www.tau.ac.il /eial/XI_2/igel.html (552 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Dom Casmurro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		However, Betinho has been promised since conception to the priesthood, a glitch that allows de Assis to describe a community so familiar with God that bargaining with Him is as common as haggling with the butcher.
		Machado de Assis uses his chapter titles as part of his work, sources of humor, direction, and irony.
		Machado de Assis is strong on irony, whimsy, and a kind of self-deprecating humor.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0140446125 (1139 words)

	AMERICAS SOCIETY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		However, within the Americas, Machado de Assis and this particular work of his have had just a bit of luck not much mind you, but a bit.
		Consider: This "novel," or whatever it is, first appeared in serial form in Rio de Janeiro in the early 1880s and was soon bound in book form, with a "Prologue" to the third edition of the work by the author, here appearing in English for the first time.
		The first appearance in English of Machado's novel suffered an almost equal delay in time, and was even more fortuitous; perhaps this is the occasion to recognize the early efforts on behalf of Machado de Assis by William L. Grossman.
	www.americas-society.org /as/literature/br58assis.html (1019 words)

	Artigos Latinidad - Machado de Assis
		de um “mulato pintor” e uma lavadeira, “portuguesa ilhoa”.
		Viu que a gente era pouca, cinqüenta ou sessenta pessoas, e ouviu que bradava contra a prisão de um homem.
		De quando em quando, este resistia, e então era preciso arrastá-lo ou forçá-lo por outro método.
	www.ufsc.br /latinidad/artigos/historia.html (652 words)

	Prentiss Riddle: Books: Machado de Assis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		I've just finished enjoying Epitaph of a Small Winner by the 19th-century Brazilian literary pillar Machado de Assis, renowned for his pessimistic wit.
		On the first point, Louis de Bernieres asserts in an introduction that de Assis was a postmodernist, due to his employment of various currently fashionable formal tricks -- starting his story at the end, in the voice of a posthumous narrator, with self-referential chapters as short as a single sentence.
		De Bernieres' claim is less startling if you accept the Borgesian view that there's nothing new under the sun.
	aprendizdetodo.com /books?item=20040424 (860 words)

	Machado.htm
		All of these publications demonstrate Machado’s insight into the major issues of his time and his social criticism of the "Império" during the second half of the nineteenth century.
		Sources for second paper: compare one of Machado’s major themes from his post 1880 works (novels and stories) read in class with early novels, (Ressurreição, Helena) or a short story not read in class (consult me first) or from one of his later plays: (Não consultes médico, Lição de botânica, Viver!).
		Machado de Assis: a pirámide e o trapézio.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/eginway/Machado.htm (1162 words)

	Lo que teje y devuelve el azar
		Para ello, Machado se basa en un observador, el consejero Aires, que regresa a Río luego de una larga estancia en el exterior y que oscila entre la renuncia a la vida pública que le marca su edad (supera los 60 años) y la obstinación por no resignar sus deseos y sus opiniones.
		Este milagro de la sutileza —a veces empañado por la traducción— es lo que convierte a este libro casi póstumo en una aventura por la que vale la pena internarse.
		Esta edición cuenta, además con un trabajo crítico de John Gledson, realmente útil a la hora de reconstruir las coordenadas sociales y culturales de la novela y un artículo del notable ensayista brasileño Antonio Candido, que discute con inteligencia los mitos y las interpretaciones en torno a ese escritor imprescindible que fue Machado de Assis.
	www.clarin.com /suplementos/cultura/2002/08/03/u-00501.htm (680 words)

	AllRefer.com - Machado de Assis, Joaquim Maria (Latin American Literature) - Encyclopedia
		Machado de Assis, Joaquim Maria, Latin American Literature
		Machado de Assis, Joaquim Maria[zhwAkEm´ murE´u mushA´doo di usEz´] Pronunciation Key, 1839–1908, Brazilian novelist, b.
		His poetry and short stories were well received, but his reputation as the greatest of Brazilian writers rests upon his realistic novels.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/M/MachdoAss.html (276 words)

	Washerwomen Sons and Daughters
		Born in Rio de Janeiro and educated by a priest, Machado de Assis became one of Brazil's most famous novelist.
		His novels are distinguished by psychological insight and a profound awareness of social conditions; their objective attitude stands in sharp contrast to the prevalent romantic tendency of the time.
		Machado's poetry and fiction show an indifference to enslaved fls and is lacking in fl themes.
	www.nathanielturner.com /wwomensonsdaughters.htm (508 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Dom Casmurro (Library of Latin America) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Perhaps this is Machado's way of offering us just a glimpse of Capitu's defense, a coded message that Bentinho is lying about their relationship.
		Machado de Assis is one of the most important artist of the 18th Century.
		Machado is beyond and excels any common style, including the modern Naturalism that appeared in the 19th Century.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0195103092?v=glance (2669 words)

	Literature Network Forums - Machado De Assis: Brazilian Master of Literature
		Machado de Assis was -at least in my opinion(and believe that I am the only one)- a genius in literature - at least Brazilian´s- his works are very nice, mainly the short-stories.
		Machado de Assis is one of brazilian literature masters together Camoens.
		Even Machado de Assis read and studied Camoens' works, not only The Lusiads but specially Liric Poems, that Assis read in deep.
	www.online-literature.com /forums/showthread.php?t=1646 (439 words)

	Joaquim M. Machado de Assis - Die nachträglichen Memoiren des Bras Cubas - Perlentaucher.de, Kultur und Literatur ...
		Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis (1839-1908) wurde in ärmlichen Verhältnissen in Rio de Janeiro geboren.
		Machado de Assis gilt zwar als einer der bedeutendsten brasilianischen Erzähler, werde aber außerhalb Brasiliens zu wenig gelesen, meint Steffen Martus und präsentiert überzeugt das vorliegende Werk, das nun "endlich auf Deutsch zu entdecken" sei.
		Begeistert ist Martus von der bestechenden Ironie des Autors, wenn dieser sich etwa in einem eigenen Kapitel den Mängeln des Buches widmet.
	www.perlentaucher.de /buch/14391.html (610 words)

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