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Topic: Machiguenga

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	Welcome - Peru Travel
		The Machiguenga are an ethnic group of the Arawakan linguistic family.
		The Machiguenga live in dispersed settlements clustered according to a matrilocal pattern of residence: a man marries out of his home village and goes to live with his wife's family.
		The Machiguenga name for the plant means "bitter leaf." Traditionally used by indigenous peoples of the Amazon as a poison for hunting animals, curare is the natural source of the drug d-tubocurarine, a muscle relaxant that revolutionized modern surgery.
	www.welcomeperutravel.com /english/peru-travel-information/peru-travel-information-manu.html (6534 words)

	In His Footsteps: The Machiguenga, Peruvian Hunter-Gatherers
		Whereas the Machiguenga are highly susceptible to infectious diseases brought in from outside the park, they are otherwise very healthy, and have their own uniquely effective pharmacopoeia of native plants.
		The Machiguenga culture is hunter-gatherer with swidden agriculture in small plots that are cut and burned out of the rain forest.
		The Machiguenga are avid seekers of protein, which they obtain through hunting of paca (a delectable rodent), tapirs, monkeys and a large variety of fowl.
	www.westonaprice.org /ihf/machiguenga.html (1705 words)

	Amazon Rainforest Plants
		The Machiguenga, for example, use sedge roots to treat headaches, fevers, cramps, dysentery and wounds as well as to ease childbirth.
		The Machiguenga believe that different varieties of achiote can be used to paint the face for different purposes: as a disguise to dispel illnesses, as makeup to attract a girlfriend or boyfriend, as snake repellent, or as war paint to be fierce in battle.
		There are also inedible species, which the Machiguenga refer to as "passion fruit of the capybara." Machiguenga children love to play with the beautiful flowers, plucking off the petals one by one.
	members.tripod.com /amazon/plants.html (1482 words)

	Timpia and the Machiguenga Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Machiguenga (MACH--ee--GEN-ga) Center for Tropical Studies (the Machiguenga Center) is a unique, new rainforest lodge in the scenic foothills of the northern part of the Peruvian state of Cusco.
		The second reason why the Machiguenga Center is unique is that it is the only 100%-indigenous-owned rainforest lodge in the Amazon (and one of the few in the entire world).
		The Machiguenga Center for Tropical Studies was made possible by generous donations from Dr. Charles A. Munn and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation channeled through Peru Verde Association, the Center for the Development of the Amazonian Indian (CEDIA), and the Wildlife Conservation Society.
	users.cnnw.net /~mlf/timpia.html (2134 words)

	The Camisea Nanti: Section 3
		One is that the Nanti consider it terribly insulting to be referred to as "kogapakori", and the second, is that "Kogapakori Machiguenga" is an oxymoron in the eyes of the Nanti themselves, as we discuss in Section 3.1.
		By classifying the Nanti as Machiguenga, he is able to justify his coercive and abusive actions with respect to the Nanti as actions of a member of the "enlightened" branch of the Machiguenga correcting the errors and faults of an "unenlightened" branch, namely the Nanti.
		Machiguenga actions can be represented as those of the civilized, advanced, and knowledgeable portion of a people helping their less fortunate brethren -- a rhetorical stance taken by Silverio and many other Machiguenga we have spoken with; please also refer to Section 8.
	www.onr.com /cabeceras/sec3nwr.htm (4743 words)

	Machiguenga (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Machiguenga practice agriculture, they grow bananas, maize (corn), sweet potatoes, cotton (for the shirts!), peanuts, chili peppers, and other crops in small gardens cleared out of the rain forests.
		The Machiguenga hunt with bamboo arrows that are fletched with feathers of hawks or eagles; at least those are the best.
		Some customs of the Machiguenga are that preferably the hunter who kills an animal never touches it incase he loses his eagle spirit and acquires the vultures carrion-eating habits.
	www.ames.k12.ia.us /webstar4/schools/sawyer/test.htm (391 words)

	MCR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Machiguenga Communal Reserve is located in the central part of the Vilcabamba Mountain Range oriental flank, in the district of Echarate, county of La Concepción, department of Cusco, over a surface of 218 905.63 ha.
		The Machiguenga Communal Reserve is situated on the oriental flank of the Cordillera Vilcabamba in the transition of montane to basal-tropical forests and between the tropical and subtropical areas.
		The area embraced by the Reserve is the area of traditional use by the Machiguenga communities, who are settled on the left riverbank of the Urubamba River, to collect the flora and fauna that are used as food, medicine and for the building of housing, as well as for other uses.
	www.otishi.org /anps_ing_rcm.htm (1146 words)

	The New York Review of Books: VANISHING CULTURES
		Thus, a Machiguenga experiencing the outside world for the first time is completely unprepared to deal with people who lie, cheat, and steal.
		Meanwhile, the Machiguenga are experiencing a population explosion.
		Machiguenga living outside the park (the great majority) are free to buy chainsaws and boats, and to participate in the market economy by cutting and transporting wood and other products.
	www.nybooks.com /articles/16197 (1440 words)

	Global Greengrants Fund :: News & Grants :: Grantee Profiles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Machiguenga only recently gained legal title to their communal lands, and yet they now face land protection issues that would challenge the most sophisticated experts.
		Machiguenga leaders recognize that a Camisea project in some form is probably inevitable, but they hope that their voices can be heard as decisions are made.
		This report is an important step in the Machiguenga's efforts to gain a voice in their future and the health of their lands, and it has confirmed the suspicions of the Machiguenga and their supporters.
	www.greengrants.org /grantstories.php?news_id=12 (898 words)

	The Vanishing Zoo: Exhibits (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		With its huge wingspan, powerful talons and acute vision, the harpy eagle is a formidable predator which, like the Machiguenga people, feeds on monkeys in the forest canopy.
		The Machiguenga consider the feathers of eagles and hawk to be the best fletching for arrows since they have the ability to guide avian raptors as well as human arrows accurately to their targets.
		Machiguenga tales describe how the harpy eagle spirit, walking the earth in human form long ago, once taught human shamans the secrets of its own hunting skill: special toxic plants for sharpening vision, cleansing the body and purifying the soul.
	woz.commtechlab.msu.edu /courses/446su02/GROUPS/group1/final/harpyeagle.shtml (260 words)

	People of Manu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Machiguenga are not Indians or are they the same tribe of their ancestors, but still are people of the rainforest.
		One of the rules of family with the Machiguenga is nothing like the rules of the United States.
		Machiguenga people gather feathers of a hawk and/or eagle because they are the best for the fletching for arrows.
	www.ames.k12.ia.us:8000 /webstar4/schools/sawyer/machiguenga_files/machiguenga.htm (399 words)

	The Camisea Nanti: Section 8
		As we discuss at length in Section 3, it is commonly believed among the Machiguenga, and as a result by most non-Machiguenga, that the Nanti are not a distinct ethnic group, but simply "savage" or "wild" Machiguenga.
		Much of present-day Machiguenga involvement among the Nanti is motivated by a strong sentiment among politically influential Machiguenga that these "wild" Machiguenga should be "civilized" as swiftly as possible and made part of the mainstream of Machiguenga political and cultural life.
		The arrival of Shell in Machiguenga territory, and even in their communities, marks the beginning of a very turbulent time for the Machiguenga, one in which the stakes are very high for them.
	www.onr.com /cabeceras/sec8nwr.htm (4636 words)

	Camisea: A Light in the Jungle
		While young Machiguenga are hopeful that the Camisea project will bring wealth to their communities, elders such as Teresa Provencia Maria remain skeptical.
		For the 10,000 Machiguenga navigating their way along the "River of the Moon," the Camisea gas project means change, and the unknown.
		And the Machiguenga are caught in the middle.
	www.homelands.org /worlds/camisea.html (394 words)

	En Route to the Machiguenga
		The Machiguenga live in the valleys of the Urubamba and Manu Rivers in Southeast Peru near the borders with Brazil and Bolivia.
		Benito, the Machiguenga schoolteacher in Yomuibato was raised in the Urubamba Valley, and educated by priests.
		Glenn Shepard is a doctoral candidate in anthropology at the University of California, Berekeley, and was one of four outstanding young scientists featured in the Discovery Channel video "Spirits of the Rainforest", which won two Emmy Awards.
	manu.montana.com /enroute.html (706 words)

	Athena Review, 3,4: Mameria: Incan Site Complex in the Antisuyu of SE Peru
		To the west of Mameria lies the long mountain chain that is the easternmost vestige of the Peruvian Andes, the Cordillera de Paucartambo (fig.1).
		Upon his arrival he apprenticed himself to the local men, and within a year had two Machiguenga wives (fig.2) - sisters whose father had been killed by an adjacent tribal group known as the Kugapacoris - fluency in the language, and all the skills needed to thrive.
		Continuing on, we came to the area to which the Machiguenga and Goyo had brought Herbert and Nicole Cartagena, and which they in turn had designated in their book as the Cité de Mameria.
	www.athenapub.com /12mameria.htm (3449 words)

	Frontlines: Otishi National Park: Rallying Communities for Conservation
		CI and its Peruvian and international partners worked extensively with the indigenous communities to determine their concerns and settle property rights to their ancestral lands before designing park plans.
		The largest of several local indigenous groups, the Machiguenga have inhabited the area for more than 5,000 years.
		The pipeline, leading to other parts of the country and beyond, is slated to pass through the southeast part of the Machiguenga Community Reserve.
	www.conservation.org /xp/frontlines/people/impact24.xml (707 words)

	Machiguenga Center for Tropical Studies, Peru - Independent Review by Andean Travel Web
		The Machiguenga Center (MCTS) is perched on a high bluff overlooking the Urubamba River and the first range of the Andes Mountains, as they rise from the lowland forest in the Peruvian province of Cusco.
		The Machiguenga Indians of Timpia are 100% owners of the Lodge.
		A visit to the Machiguenga Center includes a day playing in and around the Pongo, where you can play in 30 waterfalls that cascade down the fl rock walls.
	www.andeantravelweb.com /peru/hotels/jungle_lodges/machiguenga_center.html (1201 words)

	Global Response - Eco-Club Action (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Machiguenga and Yine indigenous peoples who live outside the Nahua-Kugapakori Reserve are asking for international support in their efforts to protect the rights of indigenous people both inside and outside the Reserve.
		Machiguenga people who live just outside the Reserve say that the Yora live in groups of 10 to 60 people.
		In the Peruvian rainforest you don't have to choose!
	www.planetmind.net /globalresponse/ECA_index/eca0602.html (1139 words)

	Global Greengrants Fund :: News & Grants :: Grantee Profiles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A PBS Frontline World Fellows report on a Machiguenga community adjacent to a TGP worker's camp in the Lower Urubamba region told of numerous diesel spills in 2003 that were not fully reported by the company.
		Block 56 is home to Machiguenga communities and the Kirineri people, a highly vulnerable indigenous group that has little or no contact with the outside world and whose territories are buffered by the Machiguenga.
		Members of all seven Machiguenga communities, and representatives of the more than 2500 inhabitants of Block 56, joined to protest their exclusion from the decision-making process.
	www.greengrants.org /grantstories.php?news_id=74 (657 words)

	worldsurface.com - sustainable tourism for backpackers and independent travellers
		In 1996, a project was initiated by the native communities of Yombebato and Tayakome, in conjunction with a non-government organization from Germany, to establish a rustic lodge based on Machiguenga construction techniques and lifestyles in the Cocha Salvador area, deep in Manu.
		In 1999 the lodge, Casa Machiguenga, received its first guests but there is still much to be done before the full potential is realized and the aims and dreams of these quiet, gentle people to become included in, and benefit from, the attraction that Manu offers, are achieved.
		Manu Expeditions guides will be co-leading with Machiguenga’s on future trips so that we can learn from these indigenous peoples and benefit from their encyclopedic knowledge of medicinal plants and other wonders.
	www.worldsurface.com /browse/static.asp?staticpageid=2657 (365 words)

	The Search for Paititi
		We came to a temporary Machiguenga fishing encampment, but, after some interaction, we continued on up the Palotoa, only to be overtaken and joined by a Machi couple, "Pancho" and "Josefina," from the encampment we had just left.
		Later, at the Machiguenga fishing encampment, we were caught by a deluge that began the rainy season in earnest.
		We found that, although the base of the mountain was littered with rough stone ruins that included water channels, the long ridge at the peak, which was covered with a maze of extremely dense bushes, vines, stunted trees and fallen logs, had nothing at all to offer in the way of ruinas.
	www.paititi.com /search-for-paititi.html (3291 words)

	MAPS - Volume 7 Number 1 Winter 1996-97 - Schedule 1 Research Protocol
		Approximately ten Machiguenga samples are ibenkikis, Cyperus species infested congenitally with Balansia fungus that have demonstrated the presence, in prior study, of novel ergot alkaloid structures.
		The Machiguenga tribe employs intraocular administration of fresh Psychotria leaf juice as a treatment for migraine.
		The Machiguenga employ or have employed several plants beyond these with reported psychedelic activity that have not previously been reported, let alone characterized pharmacologically.
	www.maps.org /news-letters/v07n1/07104rus.html (1684 words)

	Macaw & Parrot Clay Licks Amazon Manu Tambopata Timpia
		During 1999-2000 3 major licks were discovered on the lower Urubamba River, part of the tribal community lands of the Machiguenga Indians of Timpia, one of the most remote areas of the Peruvian Amazon that is accessible from Cusco.
		The Machiguenga Community has constructed the Machiguenga Center for Tropical Studies, unique in that it is the only 100%-indigenous-owned rainforest lodge in the Amazon.
		As the owners of the lodge, the 100 families of Machiguenga Indians take rainforest conservation and their own rich cultural heritage very seriously.
	peruperu.com /macaw-clay-licks.htm (1000 words)

	Amazon Alliance - Camisea Project
		One of the well sites is located within the Machiguenga community of Segakiato, and the pipeline right of way passes through numerous other settled Machiguenga communities.
		In June, the Alliance joined a team of specialists organized by COMARU, in a visit to Machiguenga communities affected by the project to evaluate the impacts on the environment and livelihoods of these communities.
		A summary report of this trip, which found large-scale erosion caused by pipeline construction, deficient local diets due to severe declines in fish, and a general disdain for indigenous rights on the part of company during negotiation processes, is available on-line.
	www.amazonalliance.org /Camisea/main.htm (668 words)

	Camisea in the Amazon
		Reaching Kirigueti entails hitching a motorboat down the Urubamba River, crossing the Pongo de Mainique rapids, and continuing east as the Andean foothills flatten into blazing, humid planes of remote jungle.
		Along with Machiguenga, the Urubamba is home to Nanti, Nahua, and Yine indigenous communities.
		The Machiguenga community of Shimaa lies upstream of the Pongo de Mainique in the Alto Urubamba.
	yeoldeconsciousnessshoppe.com /art174.html (1799 words)

	Shell Peru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Dozens of other Machiguenga communities are located alongside the rivers inside Shell's area of operation, each one facing the likelihood that drilling waste will contaminate its
		The Machiguenga Indians are organizing in response to Shell's project and have formed "watchdog brigades" to keep an eye on company activities and to stand up for their rights.
		What You Can Do Since some of the gas Shell will pull from Peru's Nahua and Kugapakori Reserve will be exported to the United States, we in the industrial north have an obligation to let Shell know that we hold them responsible for the Indians' survival and for the environmental devastation in Peru.
	www.thirdworldtraveler.com /Environment/ShellPeru_environ.html (286 words)

	Bank Information Center USA: Record of Forced Contact by Camisea Project Companies in the Nahua-Kugapakori Reserve ...
		At the request of the Machiguenga organization COMARU, an International NGO Delegation visited Lower Urubamba in August 2002.
		He stated that the party was only able to make contact with one elderly woman as the rest of the Kirineri group had moved away from the area.
		He confirms that the "naked peoples" encountered did not speak Nahua or Machiguenga and their ethnic group could not be identified.
	www.bicusa.org /bicusa/issues/misc_resources/332.php (1432 words)

	Rapid Biological Inventories: Results from the Field: Perú 15 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Machiguenga, Ashaninka, Yine Yami, and Nanti have lived in these forests for thousands of years hunting, fishing, and cultivating their small farms.
		For many of them, their spiritual roots are centered in Megantoni, especially in the turbulent waters of Pongo de Maenique—the sacred place where spirits travel between this world and the next, and where the world was created.
		These indigenous people have lived in Megantoni’s forests and valleys for thousands of years and today they survive cultivating root crops, and hunting in the traditional manner of their ancestors.
	fm2.fieldmuseum.org /rbi/results_per15.asp (2278 words)

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