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Topic: Macrocycle

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	Porphyrin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A porphyrin is a heterocyclic macrocycle made from 3 pyrrole subunits and one pyrroline subunit, and linked on opposite sides through 4 methine bridges.
		The macrocycle, therefore, is more aromatic, than the related corrins or chlorins.
		The extensive conjugated system makes the compound chromatic, hence the name "porphyrin" from a Greek word for purple.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Porphyrin (345 words)

	WBCA :: Jackie Ansley (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The first time frame, a macrocycle, is your longest time frame.
		The goals established for a macrocycle are long term and generally require multiple steps in order to successfully be obtained.
		The mesocycle and microcycle goals are carefully designed steps that move an athlete toward achieving the macrocycle goal.
	www.wbca.org /ja0301.asp (1200 words)

	INTRODUCTION
		It was supposed that coordinates predominantly with oxygen atoms of macrocycle and, hence, influences weakly on macrocycle nitrogen atom conjugated with a molecule
		This reaction consists in the breaking of metal cation bond with macrocycle nitrogen atom and in the displacement of cation from its equilibrium position in the ground state.
		It coordinates predominantly with oxygen atoms of macrocycle and, hence, influences weakly on macrocycle nitrogen atom conjugated with a molecule
	www.photobiology.com /v1/Druzhinin/paper.html (1236 words)

	Schwimmen Wie australische Schwimmer tapern ! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This macrocycle is fairly short with an average length of 3-4 weeks.
		The final macrocycle within the season (mesocycle) involves the taper period and the competition phase.
		Again the logic follows the preceding macrocycle and training is characterised by a further reduction in training volume, and the development of speed and power.
	www.gsv1.de /aus_peak.htm (2410 words)

	A Porphyrin Primer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The porphyrin molecule is usually described as a union of four pyrrolic rings linked by four methine bridges to form a macrocycle.
		According to that model, a delocalization pathway is distinguished in the macrocycle, as shown in Figure 4, which is aromatic in the traditional Hückel sense.
		The large macrocyclic core is usually less effective in coordinating metal ions but some of the expanded species have been found to bind anions instead.
	www.chem.uni.wroc.pl /llg/mole_pp.htm (834 words)

	Cross Country Track & Field / Bingham High School
		The legspeed work accomplished in the preceding macrocycle of outdoor track is put to the test during these runs, and athletes who have developed a new "comfort zone" of intensity during outdoor track now find it much easier to hold a challenging pace during intensive summer runs.
		The critical aspect of the second macrocycle of Bingham training is to move from the stresses of longer mileage to the adaptation of the athlete into the speed-endurance phase of training.
		The overall year-plan at Bingham calls for this macrocycle to be the easiest of the four, in keeping with the resting philosophy of three hard weeks followed by one of reduced intensity, and three hard macrocycles followed by one of reduced intensity.
	www.binghamxcountry-track.com /articles/4macro.htm (4227 words)

	Logically transportable microprocessor interface control unit permitting bus transfers with different but compatible ...
		Macrocycles are used by the MPU in the execution of test-and-set and compare-and-swap instructions which are extended forms of MC68000 capability.
		In the absence of a macrocycle, a normal normal halt may be achieved merely by activating the HALT signal along with the normal termination signal.
		Bus cycles of a macrocycle can be halted normally, however, by special procedures (i.e., unconditional rerun) which are intended for use only when the integrity of shared resources can be guaranteed.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4727477.html (20141 words)

	MACROCYCLE CHEMISTRY
		Such macrocyclic ligands often lead to complexes with enhanced thermodynamic and kinetic stability with respect to metal ion dissociation, compared to their open-chain analogues.
		Incorporation into a macrocycle can provide the rigidity and protection necessary to inhibit these competitive processes: macrocyclic complexes of these metal ions may emit sufficiently strongly to render them attrcative for use in sensors amenable to time-resolved detection procedures.
		All four macrocycle nitrogens bind to the metal ion, as do the three carboxylates and the amide oxygen, leading to outstanding thermodynamic and kinetic stability with respect to metal ion dissociation and excellent protection from solvent water molecules.
	www.dur.ac.uk /j.a.g.williams/macrocycle.htm (1060 words)

	Blog of Death: Tamas Szechy
		The first macrocycle (September to December) involves enhancing the physical capabilities of the athlete.
		Macrocycle No. 2 (January to April) targets quickness and endurance; during this time, the swimmer works on his/her primary stroke.
		In the final macrocycle (May to August), the athlete prepares for competition with the ultimate goal of breaking old swim records.
	www.blogofdeath.com /archives/001172.html (250 words)

	[No title]
		The period is split into two macrocycles, each ending in a rest or easy week.
		As usual, each macrocycle is split into shorter periods known as microcycles.
		Ideally you are aiming to be in your target heart rate range (80-90% of max) for between 5 and 10 minutes on the climbs.
	w3.iac.net /~curta/qcw/newsletter/winter.html (1631 words)

	W&L Journal of Science
		These macrocycles are designed to convey new structures and/or properties to either the lanthanide ions or the first row transition metal ions.
		However, because crude mixtures of the macrocycle gave a significant molecular peak in the FAB MS, we were encouraged to develop the solubility of this ring system.
		Since it was reasonable to postulate that the insolubility of the molecule derived from intermolecular hydrogen bonding and pi-stacking, we attempted to derivatize various positions with long chain alkyl groups.
	journalofscience.wlu.edu /archive/winter1999/articles/chemistry/uffelman.htm (995 words)

	ZAP's Gym - Periodization
		A macrocycle can last longer or shorter depending on the athlete's schedule.
		His macrocycle would last 6 months, the time between peaking.
		Within each macrocycle there are mesocycles which last anywhere from weeks to months again depending on the athlete.
	www.zapsgym.com /resources/periodization.htm (445 words)

	Human Kinetics
		Regardless of the type of yearly plan preferred, whether it be a two-season plan, a three-season plan, or a yearly plan with mixed macrocycles, taking a few general steps can help determine the length of each season and the placement of macrocycles and mesocycles within those seasons.
		Its length will depend on the importance of the competition at the end of a particular season and the length of taper needed by the category of swimmers for which the plan is designed, that is, middle distance and distance swimmers, 100 and 200 sprinters, or 50 and 100 sprinters.
		The length of each of these phases should be great enough to produce the desired training effects but not so great that they interfere with one another or reduce the general preparation phase to the point where it is largely ineffective.
	www.humankinetics.com /products/showexcerpt.cfm?excerpt_id=3295 (860 words)

	VIII. The Fully Esterified Chlorophyll a (Chl a) Biosynthetic Routes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The fully esterified Chl a pathway is populated by tetrapyrroles with a methyl propionate residue at position 6 of the macrocycle and a propionic acid residue at position 7 which is esterified with a long chain fatty alcohol (Rebeiz et al.
		The fully esterified Chl a pathway is populated by tetrapyrroles with a methyl propionate residue at position 6 of the macrocycle and a propionic acid residue at position 7 which is esterified with one of several different long chain fatty alcohols (LCFAs) (Rebeiz et al, 1983, 2003).
		Because of the structural similarity between Pchlide a phytyl ester and Chl a the erroneous notion evolved that Pchlide a phytyl ester was the major immediate photoprecursor of Chl a (Smith, 1948; Koski, 1950).
	w3.ag.uiuc.edu /NRES/LPPBP/Estrifd.html (3110 words)

	Porphyrin -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A porphyrin is a heterocyclic macrocycle made from 4 (Click link for more info and facts about pyrrole) pyrrole subunits linked on opposite sides through 4 (Click link for more info and facts about methine) methine bridges.
		The macrocycle, therefore, is completely (Click link for more info and facts about aromatic) aromatic, unlike the related (Click link for more info and facts about corrin) corrins or (Click link for more info and facts about chlorin) chlorins.
		Porphyrins combine readily with (Any of several chemical elements that are usually shiny solids that conduct heat or electricity and can be formed into sheets etc.) metals, coordinating with them in the central cavity.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/po/porphyrin.htm (457 words)

	overviewrurh9s3
		Macrocycle chemistry involving the transition elements has enjoyed considerable attention in the last two decades.
		It was suggested that sulfur macrocycles could replace phosphines in catalyts leading to less contamination from free phosphine.
		A better understanding of the role of macrocycles in the reactivity of transition metal complexes could provide valuable information relating to catalytic activity.
	www30.brinkster.com /mulino/overviewrurh9s3.htm (397 words)

	Supramolecular Chemistry And Self-assembly Special Feature: Organization of the interior of molecular capsules by ...
		are tetrameric macrocycles related to resorcin[4]arenes and pyrogallol[4]arenes.
		View of two mixed macrocycles, 5, displaying the manner in which the diethyl ether molecules are bound on the inside (blue) and on the outside (orange) of the capsule.
		The orientation of the capsule is identical to that given in Fig.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/99/8/4837 (2350 words)

	J and J
		Basically, the training is designed to create a peak of your climbing abilities near the end of a macrocycle, timed to coincide with your climbing goals.
		We have reduced the time spent in each period of the macrocycle because the whole training plan was too long.
		This training macrocycle is based on the principle of first increasing quantity of training, and later increasing intensity.
	melhuish.org /climb/training.html (1548 words)

	Researchers improve bonding in mechanically linked molecules
		Specifically, we prepare macrocyclic (donut-shaped) hosts and linear guests that self-assemble when mixed to form threaded complexes known as pseudorotaxanes.
		So we decided to rigidify the macrocycle such that the starting and finishing conformations were the same, resulting in a 50-fold increase in Ka." A 'lock and key' is a frequently used illustration for the concept, known as pre-organization.
		The researchers built a crown ether macrocycle with donor groups located at opposite ends of the crown.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-03/vt-rib031703.php (581 words)

	Swimming Technique: Kristina Egerszegi: The Development of a World Champion Backstroker, July 1997
		Therefore, at the end of the macrocycle in December, we clock each swimmer's times for relatively long distances-800 or 1500 meters free.
		At the beginning of the macrocycle in September, the coaching staff always met to discuss the technical deficiencies of each swimmer.
		In the third macrocycle, we prepare the athlete for the year's major event.
	www.swimmingworldmagazine.com /articles/swimtechnique/articles/199707-01st_art.asp (1499 words)

	www.rotaxane.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Formation of each macrocycle requires reaction of two molecules of isophthaloyl dichloride and two of para-xylylene diamine; so a total of eight molecules must combine to form the [2]catenane.
		Two sets of bifurcated hydrogen bonds between the amide protons on the macrocycle and carbonyl oxygens on the thread are shown as dotted lines in the X-ray crystal structure.
		Rather than forming the macrocycle around the thread in a clipping strategy as above, the completed macrocycle and a thread precursor are first complexed to the Cd metal ion in an orthogonal fashion.
	www.chem.ed.ac.uk /leigh/home/rotcatintro2.html (599 words)

	Richard Geier Research Projects Description
		For example, the characteristic red color of blood and green color of plants are due to porphyrinic macrocycles (heme and chlorophyll respectively).
		And of particular interest to the organic chemist, the core structure of the porphyrin can be substituted, reduced, heteroatom modified, isomerized, expanded, and/or contracted relative the prototypical porphyrin structure.
		We are investigating syntheses that are intended to provide macrocycles with improved stability so that their properties can be better studied.
	departments.colgate.edu /chemistry/geier_research.html (483 words)

	Professor Roger Cramer
		The macrocycle possesses a flexible cavity with a diameter which ranges from 2.67 Å to 4.14 Å, depending on the species associated with it.
		The most recent work in our group has revolved around the formation of rotaxane complexes, in which a linear molecule is threaded through the macrocycle and capped by a bulky end group to prevent dissociation of the two.
		To date, we have prepared and studied crystallographically three pseudorotaxane complexes in which the neutral 2-butyne-1,4-diol and 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol, and the acetylenedicarboxylate anion are threaded through the center of the cation.
	www.chem.hawaii.edu /UH_Chem/faculty/cramer.html (399 words)

	Supramolecular Chemistry And Self-assembly Special Feature: Factors affecting the threading of axle molecules through ...
		We have investigated the effects of increasing the chain length of a linear alkyl group, the bulk in the vicinity of the ammonium-binding
		, and Ha are the concentration of macrocycle, ratio of bound to unbound threading group and anthracenyl methylene proton resonance of the threading group, respectively.
		, and M are the concentrations of macrocycle, concentration of threading group, and macrocycle, respectively.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/99/8/4830 (3878 words)

	Functionalized 4-methyl-5-phenylthiazole and 1,3-bis(4'-methyl-5'-phenylthiazol-2'-yl)benzene. Approaching thiazole ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Bis(4-mercaptomethyl)thiazole, the macrocycle precursor with not less than two types of binding sites, being the reduced form of thiol-sulfide redox system with thiazole-containing disulfide macrocycle (or macrocycles) or disulfide oligomers as the oxidized form, would be of special interest in this group.
		The transformations presented in scheme 1 are the model ones for the development of the synthesis of bis-thiazoles chelating agents and macrocycle precursors, bearing functional groups 4–CH Cl, 4–CH SH in any thiazole cycle, and, since, fit for the construction of several types of macrocycles.
		Finally, the detection in the vapor over the compound 14 of a large molecule 32, built of the fragments of two molecules of the mother compound, clearly demonstrates that the macrocycle 32 is actually formed not in the course of the fragmentation of the molecular ion of the mother compound in gas phase.
	www.arkat-usa.org /ark/journal/2004/I12_Konovalov/1241/1241.asp (4916 words)

	Formation and Structure of Rh(0) Complexes of Phosphinine-Containing Macrocycles: EPR and DFT Investigations
		P hyperfine structure is observed in the frozen solution spectrum of this latter complex.
		Although the unpaired electron is mostly delocalized on the ligands, the replacement of two phosphinines by two thiophenes tends to increase the rhodium spin density (
		It is shown that coordination to Rh as well as one-electron reduction of the resulting complex provoke appreciable changes in the geometry of the macrocycle.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/jpcafh/2002/106/i12/abs/jp014339z.html (244 words)

	K. M. Smith Publication Abstract # 514 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		All of the Ni dialkylporphyrins (the alkyl group is Pr, iso-Pr, and tert-butyl) are in a predominantly gabled (gab) conformation resulting from an
		orientation of the substituents with respect to the macrocycle.
		Finally, INDO/s calculations show that the red shifts in the absorption spectra of the Ni disubstituted porphyrins are caused by the increasing nonplanarity resulting from increasing steric crowding within the series.
	www-chem.ucdavis.edu /groups/smith/abstracts/514.html (285 words)

	OUP: Macrocycle Synthesis: Parker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This volume is the first book to provide a practical introduction to the synthesis of macrocyclic compounds, which can be tailored to function as selective receptors for ions and neutral molecules.
		Subsequent chapters give excellent coverage of the synthesis and elaboration of calixarenes, spherands, hemi-spherands and calix-spherands, and the final chapter lucidly explains the metal templated synthesis of catenanes.
		It is an essential text for those engaged in the synthesis of macrocyclic compounds and a perfect companion for the non-specialist keen to explore the chemistry of these exciting molecules.
	www.oup.co.uk /isbn/0-19-855840-6 (523 words)

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