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Topic: Macroscopic

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	CAIDA : analysis : topology : macroscopic
		This page describes CAIDA Macroscopic Topology Measurements project that actively measures connectivity and latency data for a wide cross-section of the commodity Internet.
		We use two sources of data for Macroscopic Topology studies: forward Internet (IP) path information and inter-domain BGP routing tables.
		Five year collection of skitter paths is the most comprehensive archive of macroscopic topology measurements in the world.
	www.caida.org /analysis/topology/macroscopic (1230 words)

	Macroscopic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Macroscopic is commonly used to describe physical objects that are measurable and observable by the naked eye.
		A macroscopic view of a ball is just that: a ball.
		A microscopic view could reveal a thick round skin seemingly composed entirely of puckered cracks and fissures (as viewed through a microscope) or, further down in scale, a collection of molecules in the rough shape of a sphere.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Macroscopic (202 words)

	Macroscopic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Macroscopic : Measurable and observable by the naked eye ; describes existence as we perceive it.
		A microscopic view could reveal a thick round skin seemingly composed entirely of puckered cracks and fissures; or further down in scale, a collection of molecule s in the rough shape of a sphere.
		If one looks at galaxy, a star is a macroscopic entity, even if it's many, many orders of magnitude larger than the afformentioned ball.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Macroscopic.html (377 words)

	Macroscopic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		For macroscopic objects, this is not generally a problem: friction dissipates the energy.
		The images in Figure 11 show that macroscopic testing of polymer properties could be extended to the nanoscale, which is important for developments in...
		Macroscopic: Measurable and observable by the naked eye; describes existence as we perceive it.
	macroscopic.wikiverse.org (238 words)

	The Macroscopic Effect of Remote Sensing Geoinformation and Mineral prospecting
		To study the physical principals of the macroscopic effect of the RS Geoinformation and search for the relationship of the effect with regional mineralizing is challenging topic and developing trends of present solid resource remote sensing.
		The Macroscopic effect of RS information is very useful to geological exploration, for one deposits, often insidious or half insidious, show the edge of ore deposits or altered peripheral rocks on ground surface.
		The macroscopic effect is the capable of identifying interfering information field of faint objects, exposing geological principles of large-scale, and enhancing the research on large-scale mineralizing function.
	www.gisdevelopment.net /aars/acrs/1999/ps6/ps61231pf.htm (2829 words)

	Macroscopic Aspects of Fracture
		From the principles of fracture mechanics it is possible to determine macroscopic fracture criteria in terms of the nominal fracture strength, the flaw length, and the critical amount of plastic work required to initiate unstable fracture -- the fracture toughness.
		However, in materials such as mild steel the macroscopic cleavage fracture is actually discontinuous on a microscopic level; most of the grains fracture by cleavage but some of them fail in shear, causing the cleaved grains to link together by tearing.
		The macroscopic fracture path is perpendicular to the tensile axis.
	www.key-to-steel.com /Articles/Art154.htm (1956 words)

	Electron - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		When the number of electrons and the number of protons are equal, their charges cancel each other and the object is said to be electrically neutral.
		A macroscopic body can acquire charge through rubbing, by the phenomenon of triboelectricity.
		Electrons are also a key element in electromagnetism, an approximate theory that is adequate for macroscopic systems, and for classical modelling of microscopic systems.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electron (1687 words)

	macroscopic microscopic repair remodeling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		There is not much need for running to your library for macroscopic microscopic repair remodeling details if you have a strong link to the world wide web from your place of living.
		The macroscopic microscopic repair remodeling documents attainable since the internet was introduced has increased in class.
		The internet has a large quantity of webpages on macroscopic microscopic repair remodeling topics and all of it is accessible by simply researching everything available.
	www.a1-home-improvement.com /macroscopic-microscopic-repair-remodeling (583 words)

	Macroscopic Domain
		In MOKE, the laser beam was directly at different locations on a large uncut sample along the line a, b, c in Fig.
		The macroscopic domain pattern was revealed by the fact that the scanning MOKE measurements on an uncut wedged specimen give the same results as those obtained from VSM using many separate samples at corresponding locations (Fig.
		These domain patterns of two macroscopic domains separated by one 180° have recently been confirmed by the NIST group (R. Shull, V. Nikitenko, A. Shapiro, and V. Gornakov) using advanced Magneto-Optic Indicator Film (MOIF) technique.
	medusa.pha.jhu.edu /Research/MOKE-VSM.html (702 words)

	Macroscopic Physics Topics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Macroscopic physics describes properties of the world without referring to models for its underlying physical structure.
		Thus macroscopic thermodynamics and fluid mechanics treat matter as continuous in nature, and do not consider the existence of atoms on a microscopic scale.
		Similarly, a macroscopic treatment of magnetism and fl body radiation does not use the ideas of the quantum interaction between matter and the electromagnetic field.
	muweb.millersville.edu /~jdooley/macro/index.htm (349 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Archive Search
		In the real-life, macroscopic world of people, elves and flying reindeer, the quantum behaviour of each of the squillions of particles from which we are made averages out, so what we see is the everyday phenomenon of causes preceding effects, and people who can never be in two places at once.
		Cynics might attribute this last consequence to the deficiencies of Railtrack, but it is a fact that real people, even bearded men with red hats and big boots, tend to be found in discrete locations, irrespective of whether they are being watched or not.
		Importantly, these macroscopic quantum objects observe the rules of the quantum world when cooled to within a whisker of absolute zero - minus 273 C. Any warmer than this, and the choreography breaks down and the clusters behave like any old bunch of atoms.
	www.guardian.co.uk /Archive/Article/0,4273,4105247,00.html (760 words)

	macroscopic hematuria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The causes of macroscopic haematuria in the under 40s in descending order of frequency are urinary stone disease, idiopathic and inflamed urothelium.
		The case of an 80-year-old man with macroscopic hematuria caused by secondary amyloidosis of the bladder is described.
		In the case of gross or macroscopic hematuria, the initial evaluation may require only a urine culture, urine calcium-to-creatinine ratio, and renal and bladder sonography or a very detailed evaluation for renal parenchymal disease, stones, tumors, or anatomic abnormalities.
	www.up.ac.za /asservices/ais/med/hematuria1.htm (3093 words)

	MACROSCOPIC QUANTUM TUNNELING (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		MQT is a macroscopic equivalent of alpha decay.
		MQC is a macroscopic equivalent of resonance effect in an ammonia molecule.
		In conclusion, this book will be a valuable addition not only for a graduate course on macroscopic quantum effects, but can also be used as a source of supplementary material for advanced quantum mechanics courses.
	www.cap.ca /news/books/Tunneling-Takagi-Wartak.html (568 words)

	Macroscopic calculus for the fission barrier height of superheavy elements
		An elastodynamic method is proposed to compute a regular (macroscopic) part of the potential-energy profile in the direction of quadrupole coordinate of symmetric fission.
		The distinguishing feature of this method is that the kinematics of nuclear deformation resulting in fission is described in terms of distortions of an elastic sphere and the dynamics is thought of as an adiabatic process dominated by disruptive elastic distortions caused by the volume Coulomb repulsion and cohesive surface elastic stresses of nuclear origin.
		The input parameters of the method are parameters of the nuclear binding energy, established in the macroscopic - microscopic theory of nuclear masses.
	stacks.iop.org /0954-3899/24/L1 (352 words)

	Robert Meyer, Brandeis University Physics faculty member
		One goal is to understand the macroscopic properties and the fascinating phenomenology of these systems, and the other major goal is to understand how these systems order, the role of the forces that are important, and how their microscopic properties and the nature of their ordering dictate their macroscopic properties.
		In the case of liquid crystals, macroscopic phenomena involving the response to electric and magnetic fields, surface orienting forces, and flow fields are especially interesting.
		These all affect the macroscopic elastic and viscous coefficients of the liquid crystals, and change the nature of its response to applied external forces, such as electric and magnetic fields.
	www.bio.brandeis.edu /faculty01/meyer.html (606 words)

	Spectroscopy of Consciousness
		Macroscopic quantum phases are an essential element of most quantum consciousness theories and topological geometrodynamics (TGD) is not an exception in this respect.
		This has led to guesses for the quantum correlates of sensory qualia and conscious thought as various macroscopic quantum phases predicted by TGD but the the lack of direct experimental evidence for the macroscopic quantum phases has made more detailed models impossible.
		The notion of manysheeted spacetime indeed allows these macroscopic quantum states: various ions are 'dropped' from atomic spacetime sheets to cellular spacetime sheets where the thermal noise is absent so that the ions can form superconducting macroscopic quantum phases.
	www.physics.helsinki.fi /~matpitka/abstrac1.html (739 words)

	Sample Chapter for Sewell, G.: Quantum Mechanics and Its Emergent Macrophysics.
		Quantum theory began with Planck's [Pl] derivation of the thermodynamics of fl body radiation from the hypothesis that the action of his oscillator model of matter was quantised in integral multiples of a fundamental constant, h.
		As a first step towards contemplating the quantum mechanical basis of macrophysics, we note the empirical fact that macroscopic systems enjoy properties that are radically different from those of their constituent particles.
		The specification of the states of a measuring apparatus in microscopic and macroscopic terms has provided a key element of a fully quantum treatment [He, WE] of the measurement process that liberates the theory from Bohr's dualism.
	www.pupress.princeton.edu /chapters/s7433.html (1173 words)

	Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Macroscopic quantum phenomena are particularly important when considering the problem of Schrödinger’s cat.
		Beginning with an explanation of the nature and significance of the cat problem, Shin Takagi introduces the concept of macroscopic quantum tunneling.
		He deals with typical examples in detail, elucidating how quantum mechanical coherence may be lost (so-called ‘decoherence’) or how it may be maintained despite the effects of environment and measurement processes.
	books.cambridge.org /0521800021.htm (244 words)

	Sample Chapter for Sewell, G.: Quantum Mechanics and Its Emergent Macrophysics.
		This result provided a microscopic theory of a macroscopic phenomenon that was incompatible with the assumption of underlying classical laws.
		These and other macroscopic phenomena signify that complex systems, that is, ones consisting of enormous numbers of interacting particles, are qualitatively different from the sums of their constituent parts.
		Thus, we base this treatise on macroscopic observables and certain general structures of complex systems, as formulated within the terms of the algebraic framework of quantum theory.
	www.pup.princeton.edu /chapters/s7433.html (1173 words)

	ETH - POLYPHYS - Minimal Kinetic Model for Simulating Hydrodynamics
		Formulating coarse-grained continuum models circumvents this problem, where one writes partial differential equations describing the space-time evolution of a few macroscopic fields such as fluid density, pressure, temperature.Such a macroscopic descriptions are indeed quite successful in describing hydrodynamic problems of macroscopic length scales large compared with micrometers.
		The important practical problems faced by a description in term of extended set of macroscopic variables are lack of good boundary conditions and requirement of computationally extensive algorithms for a numerical simulation (mainly due to introduction of non-locality by higher order derivatives).
		Further, the problem with macroscopic description in terms of Navier-Stokes equation of turbulence is related to the strong equation.
	www.polyphys.mat.ethz.ch /research/res_topics/hydrodynamics (703 words)

	Plasma theories [Oulu]
		In addition, a very useful approximate way to describe the dynamics of a plasma is to consider that the motions of the plasma particles are governed by the applied external fields plus the macroscopic average internal fields, smoothed in space and time, due to presence and motion of all plasma particles.
		Because the thermal conductivity is thus zero, the plasma is non-viscous and, consequently, the non-diagonal terms of the pressure dyad are all equal to zero.
		In this case, each macroscopic variable is formed by adding the contributions of the various particle species in the plasma.
	www.oulu.fi /%7Espaceweb/textbook/theories.html (988 words)

	Macroscopic Quantum Coherence Phenomena-abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		On the other hand, we have recently shown [2,3] that, when a realistic nonlocal (finite range) effective interaction is taken into account, a new stable branch of Bose condensate appears for $^7Li$ at higher density.
		In order to investigate the macroscopic phase coherence of the condensate, we study also vortex states.
		The purpose of the talk is to give an introduction to the Josephson effect and its role as a fundamental probe of intriguing aspects of Quantum Mechanics at a macroscopic level.
	www.sissa.it /ilas/abst0799.html (3842 words)

	Where Two Worlds Meet
		Macroscopic objects such as pendulums and planets are, after all, made out of atoms and are therefore, ultimately, quantum systems.
		The only difference is that for classical systems, the quantum break times of macroscopic systems are extraordinarily long-far longer than the age of the Universe.
		If we could study a classical system for longer than its quantum break time, we would see that the behaviour was not really chaotic but quasi-periodic instead.
	www.fortunecity.com /emachines/e11/86/2-worlds.html (2844 words)

	materials science 01
		We show that an approach which is normally used to describe the blend dynamics on a macroscopic time scale also describes well the neutron results.
		From macroscopic measurements it is found that the effect of FC is less noticeable for high temperatures where the characteristic times approach the mesoscopic range (T > T
		Thus a consistent description for the microscopic and macroscopic relaxation behaviour of miscible blends is found.
	www.ill.fr /AR-96/pages/08soft.htm (769 words)

	Biomolecule behaves like a wave... - Physics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The classic signature of wave-particle duality in quantum particles is the wave-like interference pattern that is produced when a beam of particles passes through a 'double-slit'.
		This is because the quantum - or de Broglie - wavelength is so small for large objects that we cannot detect their interference in a practical experiment.
		To be more correct it is not seen in macroscopic bodies (Porches, ham sandwiches, snail mail, and planets).
	www.okka.biz /_Biomolecule_behaves_like_a_wave___-26096933-288-a.html (828 words)

	Epicurus [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Furthermore, the properties of macroscopic bodies and all of the events we see occurring can be explained in terms of the collisions, reboundings, and entanglements of atoms.
		Lucretius puts it, they would 'fall downward, like drops of rain, through the deep void.' The second reason for thinking that atoms swerve is that a random atomic motion is needed to preserve human freedom and 'break the bonds of fate,' as Lucretius says.
		These are properties of macroscopic bodies, but the possession of these properties by macroscopic bodies are explicable in terms of the properties of and relations amongst the individual atoms that make up bodies.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/e/epicur.htm (5535 words)

	Molecular Analysis of Potential Hinge Residues in the Inactivation Gate of Brain Type IIA Na+ Channels -- Kellenberger ...
		Voltage dependence of macroscopic inactivation properties of glycine mutants.
		Macroscopic inactivation was not affected by mutation G1505A, and was slightly slowed by G1505V (Fig.
		A feature of most mutations which slow macroscopic inactivation is that their effects are greater at more positive potentials.
	www.jgp.org /cgi/content/full/109/5/607 (4159 words)

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