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Topic: Macula adherens

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Desmosome

Gap junction

Epithelium

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	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		ma´culae al´bidae white spots sometimes seen after death on the serous layer of the peritoneum.
		ma´culae ceru´leae small grayish blue stainlike, nonpruritic macules located chiefly on the chest, abdomen, thighs, and upper arms in pediculosis pubis, which are especially noticeable in light-skinned individuals.
		pertaining to the macula of the retina (macula lutea [TA]).
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_m_01zPzhtm (3154 words)

	Cell Junctions - Tight Junctions, Gap Junctions, Adherens Junctions and Focal Contacts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Adherens junctions (sometimes called zonula adherens) are found at sites of cell-cell interaction.
		Adherens junctions and focal contacts not only tether cells together or to the extracellular matrix, but they also transduce signals into and out of the cell, influencing a variety of cellular behaviors including proliferation, migration, and differentiation.
		Desmosomes (the macula adherens) and hemidesmosomes are distinguished by their association with the keratin-based cytoskeleton.
	www.biologyreference.com /Ce-Co/Cell-Junctions.html (719 words)

	Epithelium
		zonula adherens, which also completely encircles each cell, but the adjacent plasma membranes are separated by a gap of about 20 nm.
		While it is the zonula occludens of the junctional complex that principally affects this function, it is the adhesive properties of the zonula and macula adherens which guard against physical disruption of the barrier.
		Cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesive interactions are clearly important in maintaining the integrity of epithelial sheets, and in some disease states--most noticeably inflammation, tumor invasion and metastasis (the spread of cancer cells from one site to another).
	neuromedia.neurobio.ucla.edu /campbell/lectures/Epithelium.htm (2312 words)

	Cell Isolation Theory
		On the lateral surfaces of adjacent epithelial cells there are four distinct types of intercellular bonds: the zonula occludens, zonula adherens, macula adherens and nexus.
		In a zonula adherens, or "intermediate junction", a fine network of cytoplasmic filaments radiates from the cell membrane into the cytoplasm.
		In the macula adherens, or "desmosome", there is a somewhat similar array of intracellular filaments.
	www.tissuedissociation.com /theory.html (2479 words)

	Macula on Almondnet
		A condition in which the cells of the macula lutea degenerate, resulting in blurred vision and ultimately blindness.
		The macula is a small area on the retina designed for seeing...
		In the middle of the macula is the foveal pit, this is...
	www.blackboxrecorder.co.uk /music/macula.html (352 words)

	Home Page Title
		Zonula adherens is a junction that extends around the entire perimeter of the cell.
		Macula adherens, or desmosome, is a junction that occurs at small, discrete sites.
		The cell membranes of the two adjoining cells are separated by an intercellular space filled with a thin line of dense material.
	www.nvo.com /jin/homepage6 (730 words)

	[No title]
		The next part of the junctional complex is the plaque-like zone of intercellular attachment, the desmosome (macula adherens), which allows the transmission of mechanical forces between cells.
		No, the answer is D. The zonula adherens surrounds the entire cell unlike the spot-weld arrangement of the macula adherens (spot desmosome).
		The fascia adherens of the intercalated disc resembles the zonula adherens.
	www.kumc.edu /research/medicine/pharmacology/CAI/webCAI/anatomy/to15.wbc (1745 words)

	Developmental Biology Online: The Biochemistry of Cadherins
		The adherens junction (zonulae adherens) is a beltlike region of cell-cell adhesion and represents the clustering of cadherins, catenins, and the actin cytoskeleton.
		The intracellular regions of these molecules diverge from that of the classic cadherins and enable the desmosome to be linked to the intermediate filament portion of the cytoskeleton, rather than to the actin microfilaments.
		Epithelial tissues use adherens junctions and desmosomes to separate the extracellular space on one side of an epithelial sheet from the extracellular space on the other side (Figure 2B).
	www.devbio.com /printer.php?ch=3&id=21 (1248 words)

	Epithelial tissue
		The zonula adherens is also the site for the attachment of a circumferential band of microfilaments located just deep to the membrane.
		Together, the zonula occludens, zonula adherens, and macula adherens constitute the junctional complex visible in the electron microscope.
		The microfilaments from the microvilli and zonula adherens, as well as the tonofilaments from the desmosomes, all intermingle to some degree within the terminal web.
	anatomy.iupui.edu /courses/histo_D502/D502f02/Epithelia/Epithelia.html (1788 words)

	Cadherin function in junctional complex rearrangement and posttranslational control of cadherin expression -- Troxell ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Established monolayers of GP2-Cad1 and control (untransfected) cells grown in normal medium were incubated in LCM for 2 h to disassemble junctions.
		adherens junction and tight junction disassembly and reassembly
		Molecular linkage between cadherins and actin filaments in cell-cell adherens junctions.
	ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/276/2/C404 (7382 words)

	Epithelium--The Primary Building Block for Metazoan Complexity -- Tyler 43 (1): 55 -- Integrative and Comparative ...
		The epithelial cells are polarized, with their axes aligned in parallel with each other; they are joined by belt-form junctions (the zonula adherens and septate junction); and only their basal and apical surfaces associate with extracellular matrix (basal lamina of a basement membrane basally and cuticle apically).
		A) The junctional complex in intestinal epithelia of a vertebrate (the mouse Peromyscus leucopus) consists of a tight junction (zonula occludens, zo) and a zonula adherens (za) basal to it, both belt-form junctions, plus, at selected spots, a desmosome (macula adherens: ma).
		Presumed homologous parts are drawn in parallel at the same levels; probably unique to vertebrates are just some transmembrane proteins at the ZO (claudins, etc.) and the intermediate-filament linked parts of the macula adherens and hemidesmosome; other transmembrane and scaffolding proteins have homologues in invertebrates.
	icb.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/43/1/55 (4121 words)

	Loss of Nectin-2 at Sertoli-Spermatid Junctions Leads to Male Infertility and Correlates with Severe Spermatozoan Head ...
		Molecular and functional analysis of cadherin-based adherens junctions.
		Immunohistochemical localization of adherens junction components in blood-brain barrier microvessels of the rat.
		Defects in nuclear and cytoskeletal morphology and mitochondrial localization in spermatozoa of mice lacking nectin-2, a component of cell-cell adherens junctions.
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/69/4/1330 (6669 words)

	Identification of actin-, alpha-actinin-, and vinculin-containing plaques at the lateral membrane of epithelial cells ...
		adherens", further denoted as type I desmosome) by weak electron density of
		proteins located at the plaques of the zonula adherens (actin,
		intercellular junctions, which, like the zonula adherens, appear to be
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/abstract/102/5/1843 (533 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Major functions of epithelia: protection, selective diffusion, absorption, secretion, ion transport, sensory transduction, filtration, passive immunity How they perform their function: high packing density, specialized junctions, polarization, avascularity, renewal, and basement membrane 3.
		Membrane specializations: apical: microvilli (to increase surface area for absorption) cilia (to move surface fluids) stereocilia (extra-long microvilli to increase surface area) lateral: occluding junctions (“tight junctions” to make seal layer, band is called zonula occludens) adhering junctions (macula adherens includes both desomosomes and hemisdesmosomes.
		Major function of occluding junctions is also to provide stability and adhesion) Note: zona occludens, zona adherens, and desmosome form a “junctional complex” communicating junctions (“gap junctions” to allow communication between two cells basal: basement membrane (to provide a border between epithelia and connective tissue as well as to provide support for epithelia) 4.
	www.u.arizona.edu /~ajgulbis/MedLinks/HCB/HCBType/3.doc (302 words)

	Epithelia & Skin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Zonula adherens are abundant in the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin.
		The macula adherens forms a band completely surrounding the cell.
		At the gap junction, the outer laminae of the two adjacent cell membranes fuse.
	hsc-anatomy.tamu.edu /Histology/Micro_questions/Epithelia.html (871 words)

	HSF2 Histology Hangman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		fascia adherens, macula adherens (desmosomes), gap junctions
		In the intercalated disc, what is the location/function of the macula adherens?
		intermediate fibers are anchored in the desmosome (macula adherens), and the thin filaments (actin) are anchored in the fascia adherens
	www.studystack.com /hangman-16396 (787 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Zonula occludens Nuclear pores Macula adherens Gap junction All of the above E: Freeze fracturing is a method by which the individual leaflets is a lipid bilayer can be studied separately.
		The frozen tissue is cleaved by a sharp blow, separating the two leaflets.
		Zonulae adherens requires cadherin and calcium to form a stable junction.
	www.student.med.umn.edu /knowledge/packets0405/Histology/2003HistoExam1Explained.doc (5935 words)

	Calcium-switch technique and junctional permeability in native rabbit esophageal epithelium -- Tobey et al. 286 (6): ...
		desmosomes), and spot desmosomes (macula adherens), with barrier
		adherens are likely to be present within the membranes of cells
		Haftek M, Hansen MUY, Kaiser HW, Kreysel HW, and Schmitt D. Interkeratinocyte adherens junctions: immunocytochemical visualization of cell-cell junctional structures, distinct from desmosomes, in human epidermis.
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/286/6/G1042 (5585 words)

	Histology_Exam_1
		Macula adherens have a cytoplasmic plaque disk that attaches to tonofilaments.
		A junctional complex is made of three types of junctions: a macula adherens,
		In cardiac muscle spot desmosomes are called fascia adherens.
	www.mc.edu /campus/users/sbaldwin/Histology_Exam_1.html (1237 words)

	DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
		The zonula adherens is another belt (0.3-0.5 mm in depth), which lies below the tight junction and completely encircles the cell.
		Filaments of the terminal web are associated with the zonula adherens.
		desmosome is separated from the zonula adherens by a short region characterized by an irregular intercellular space.
	www.mc.vanderbilt.edu /histology/labmanual2002/labsection3/Intestines03.htm (5168 words)

	Histology Q&A - ValueMD Medical Schools Forum
		Q: Name two proteins involved in the structure of macula adherens.
		Q: Describe the histological structure of sinusoids of the liver.
		A: The perineurium must be rejoined in microsurgery for limb reattachment.
	www.valuemd.com /usmle-step-1-forum/24034-histology-q.html (1600 words)

	Faculty Publications 97 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Remky, A., Arend, O., Wolf, S., Bertram, B., and Reim, M.: Morphologic changes of the macula in a patient with Purtscher's retinopathy.
		Sugrue, S.P. and Zieske, J.D.: ZO1 in corneal epithelium: association to the zonula occludens and adherens junctions.
		In Research to Prevent Blindness, 14th Biennial Eye Research Seminar, pp.
	www.theschepens.org /faculty_publications_97.htm (3192 words)

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