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Topic: Madge Oberholtzer

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March 28

	Madge Oberholtzer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Madge Augustine Oberholtzer (10 November 1896 – 14 April 1925) was an American schoolteacher who was born in Clay City, Indiana, grew up in Fulton County, Indiana, and worked in an Indiana state program to combat illiteracy.
		Madge died on 14 April from an infection and kidney failure, and Stephenson was indicted on charges of rape and second-degree murder.
		Madge Oberholtzer is buried in Memorial Park Cemetery in Indianapolis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Madge_Oberholtzer (626 words)

	[No title]
		Whether or not the alleged treatment accorded Madge Oberholtzer by appellant would naturally and probably result in rendering her distracted and mentally irresponsible was a question of fact for the jury.
		Matilda Oberholtzer, informed her that a telephone message came for her, which the mother delivered to her daughter, which was a piece of paper upon which there was the telephone number, Irvington 0492.
		Miss Oberholtzer told the attorney the story of the incidents related, and informed him that she knew she had no chance for recovery and was ready to die.
	wings.buffalo.edu /law/bclc/web/indstephensonfull.doc (14819 words)

	Madge Augustine Oberholtzer (1896 - 1925) - Find A Grave Memorial
		She was kidnapped, tortured, raped and murdered by David C. Stephenson, then head of the Ku Klux Klan in Indiana, a strong political leader and considered a contender for President of the United States.
		Madge would go on two dates with D.C.; on the second date, he revealed that he was the Grand Dragon (state leader) of the Indiana Branch of the Ku Klux Klan.
		Madge died on April 14, and Stephenson was indicted on charges of kidnapping, rape and second-degree murder.
	www.findagrave.com /cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8390 (462 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Madge Oberholtzer
		Madge Oberholtzer (1896 - April 14, 1925) was a schoolteacher who grew up in Fulton County, Indiana, and worked in a state program to combat illiteracy.
		The next day in an Indiana hotel, Madge attempted to shoot herself, but was foiled in the attempt by Stephenson.
		With what strength she had left she accused Stephenson and, dying of mercury poisoning, made a deathbed statement on March 28 detailing her treatment at his hands.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Madge_Oberholtzer (603 words)

	The Downfall of the Klan in the 1920s
		Madge Oberholtzer was not the sort of woman you might expect to catch the eye of the sophisticated, fast moving Grand Dragon of the Realm of Indiana.
		Madge, overcome with with anguish and humiliation and feeling the crippling effects of the brutal assault and the liquor, begged Steve to shoot her.
		Madge cried piteously that she was dying, which in fact she was.
	www.latinamericanstudies.org /academic/klan-downfall.htm (3433 words)

	Archive: Downfall of the Klan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Madge had attended a banquet for state employees in January 1925 and there she met the up and coming young politician.
		The family attorney had visited Madge several times during her illness and had recorded her statements to which she later swore and which were entered into evidence as dying declarations.
		Much case law was introduced to support the proposition that Madge's swallowing of the poison was an independent intervening cause of her death for which Steve could not be held legally responsible.
	www.csp.state.co.us /academy/ar703.htm (3460 words)

	indstephenson
		The victim of this homicide is Miss Madge Oberholtzer, who was a resident of the city of Indianapolis and lived with her father and mother at 5802 University avenue, Irvington.
		She was twenty-eight years of age; weighed about 140 pounds, and had always been in good health; was educated in the public primary and high school and Butler College.
		Suppose they had not left the drawing-room on the train, and, instead of the deceased taking poison, she had secured possession of appellant's revolver and shot herself or thrown herself out of the window of the car and died from the fall.
	wings.buffalo.edu /law/bclc/web/indstephenson.htm (5198 words)

	Madge Oberholtzer
		Madge took poison in an attempt to make Stephenson stop the attack and release her.
		Since Madge accused him, and it was successful, this started the downfall of the Ku Klux Klan.
		Though her experience was awful, thanks to her the Ku Klux Klan number has decreased greatly!
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ma/Madge_Oberholtzer.html (380 words)

	Haunted Irvington
		It was his perceived sense of invincibility that led him to brazenly kidnap, brutally rape and confine Madge Oberholtzer, an employee at the Indiana Statehouse and an Irvington resident, in March of 1925.
		Drugging her drink, Stephenson later took the unconscious Oberholtzer to Union Station, where he loaded her onto a train to Chicago.
		As Oberholtzer's condition worsened, Stephenson directed his henchmen to return her to her parents' home with the story that she had been in an auto accident.
	www.intakeweekly.com /articles/3/023421-7153-154.html (477 words)

	HAND-OUTS FOR PHIL 22B ON THE WORLD WIDE WEB
		To express an opinion on the causal question seemed to be to take a stand, plain and simple, about the propriety of pursuits by police in heavily populated areas.
		Stephenson kidnapped Madge Oberholtzer in Indianapolis and took her on a train.
		Stephenson did not call a doctor but took her back to her home in Indianapolis, where a month later she died from the combined effects of her wounds and the poison.
	people.brandeis.edu /~teuber/handout34.html (1228 words)

	Interview with Alban Smith October 10, 1978
		These things were….that I….the Supreme Court held…the upheld the decision of the lower court that the dying declaration that was allegedly signed by Madge Oberholtzer was a dying declaration and was sufficient to charge him, and…..
		AS: Well, we went on the theory and we felt that we were able to show that Madge Oberholtzer did not sign this dying declaration, that it was a forgery.
		So the word Madge, if you started out with the word Madge, and the M, your first line would be here and then the one that would come down over the actually….it would be on top of the line that went over the bottom.
	www.mclib.org /oralhistory/116.htm (4991 words)

	Profile
		In 1925, he did investigative work in one of the most publicized murder cases in Indiana history, that of Madge Oberholtzer, a young secretary from Indianapolis.
		It was on that beat, just one year later, that O'Neel became involved in one of the most memorable series of news events in Indiana history.
		In April of 1925, David C. Stephenson, Grand Dragon of the Ku Klux Klan in Indiana, was charged in the rape-murder of a young Indianapolis secretary, Madge Oberholtzer.
	www.depauw.edu /library/archives/ijhof/inductees/oneele.htm (2001 words)

	Oberholtzer Family Genealogy Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Re: Oberholtzer Columbiana, Ohio - Amy Keefer 11/03/00
		Re: Oberholtzer Columbiana, Ohio - Sandra Oberholtzer 2/12/02
		Re: Oberholtzer Columbiana, Ohio - Verna Mellinger 8/11/02
	genforum.genealogy.com /oberholtzer (1778 words)

	Indiana History Chapter Seven
		In 1925 he had met a statehouse secretary, Madge Oberholtzer, at an inaugural ball for Governor Ed Jackson.
		She was later abducted from her home in Irvington, a neighborhood of Indianapolis and taken by Stephenson and some of his men to the train station.
		While on a trip to Hammond, Indiana, Stephenson repeatedly attacked and raped Oberholtzer in one compartment of his Pullman railcar.
	www.centerforhistory.org /indiana_history_main7.html (2079 words)

	Behind the Mask of Chivalry: The Making of the Second Ku Klux Klan. - book reviews Journal of Social History - Find ...
		Her attempt to argue that an improving economy fostered Klan decline after 1925 overlooks the overwhelming evidence, offered by numerous Klan historians, of financial and moral abuses of Klan leaders as the most important single factor.
		The conviction of D. Stephenson in 1925 for the rape and murder of Madge Oberholtzer parallels the recent case of Jim Bakker.
		It was a more timely event than recovery of the national economy, which took place by 1923, for explaining the precipitous decline of Klan membership in 1925 and thereafter.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2005/is_n1_v29/ai_17612959 (904 words)

	From the Cross of Christ to the Fiery Cross
		The injuries sustained by Madge, perhaps more than anything else other than her death, did Stephenson in. According to the autopsy report, Madge's chest had "four elliptical areas of brownish discoloration," which had "healed lacerations" that had formed a "whitish scar" at the center. There was also severe organ damage.
		Early on, Stephenson's lawyers decided that the only hope they had to win the case was to argue that Madge had committed suicide.
		139 Though many saw it as desperate, it was also probably correct. The attack, while horrible, did not cause Madge's death, despite the testimony of prosecution witnesses. That deed was caused by the mercury she consumed. What the defense team had to overcome was why Madge took the poison to begin with.
	www.connerprairie.org /HistoryOnline/fierycross.html (2892 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1920 David Curtis Stephenson, an itinerant printer and salesman, arrived in the Hoosier State and within three years had become the leader of the Klan not only in Indiana, where an estimated 30% of the white males were members, but in 22 other states as well.
		In 1925 he was convicted of second-degree murder, following the kidnapping, rape and mutilation of a woman he frequently escorted, Madge Oberholtzer, who committed suicide after the attack.
		Freelancer Lutholtz is especially successful in recreating the atmosphere of Indiana in the 1920s and in tracing the rise of Stephenson's enormous political power.
	karws.gso.uri.edu /Marsh/Jfk-conspiracy/PW051791.txt (176 words)

	WHEN WHITE HOODS WERE IN FLOWER
		Revelations that some Klan officials were given to liquor, loot, and lechery also defaced the "knightly" image.
		The biggest scandal of all sent Grand Dragon Stephenson to jail for the brutal rape of Madge Oberholtzer, a young state employee, who afterward committed suicide.
		Stephenson, outraged that the Indiana authorities did not set him above the law, avenged himself by squealing on his political puppets and ruining their subsequent careers.
	www.cusd.claremont.edu /~corchard/report/KKKhistory.html (1512 words)

	New Page 1
		The Johnson-Reed Act is passed in 1924, curbing the heretofore-unrestricted inflow of immigrants into the USA, and this is largely a result of the efforts that had been made by the Ku Klux Klan and affiliated eugenics societies.
		In 1925, Hearst and Pulitzer seize upon the case of David Curtiss Stephenson, Grand Dragon of the Realm of Indiana, who is charged with the rape of Madge Oberholtzer, who later poisons herself and dies.
		Under incessant media attack for its moralistic attitudes, Klan membership plummets, so that by the time of the 21st Amendment (Repeal of Prohibition) in 1933, it is down to 100,000.
	www.knights311.org /history.htm (1316 words)

	Exterminating the Enemy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		But the Klan fell from popular grace in America while the Nazi's went on to conquer Germany and (briefly) Europe.
		Madge Oberholtzer's encounter with Klan Indiana political boss David C. Stephenson, perhaps ended the Klan's political ascent.
		After an initial date, Stephenson's further interest resulted in a voluntary visit that turned into kidnapping and forced drinking.
	www.mdcbowen.org /p2/bjw/enemy.htm (359 words)

	Notes From an Eclectic Mind: The Day We Found The Klan Robe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the 1920s the Klan dominated the legislatures of three states including Texas and one of the Grand Dragons, David Stephenson, seemed bound for a Senate seat until he was convicted of the kidnapping, rape, and murder of a young woman named Madge Oberholtzer.
		In her desperation to escape his attack, Oberholtzer drank a household cleaner which slowly ate away at her system for the next month.
		When the press leaked details of the assault, including the fact that human bite marks covered her body, Klan membership plummeted overnight.
	www.ranablog.com /archives/000120.php (1131 words)

	D. C. STEPHENSON COLLECTION, 1922-1978
		In November 1925, Stephenson received a life sentence for second degree murder resulting from his part in the rape and subsequent death of Madge Oberholtzer (1896-1925), a state government employee who he supposedly met through Governor Jackson.
		He served 31 years of his sentence and was paroled in 1956.
		The majority of the collection consists of legal papers regarding Stephenson's 1925 trial for the murder of Madge Oberholtzer.
	www.indianahistory.org /library/manuscripts/collection_guides/m0264.html (737 words)

	Immigration in Indiana: Introduction
		But there was soon a shift in power.
		David C. Stephenson, the powerful Grand Dragon of the Indiana Klan helped bring about the downfall of his organization in 1925 when he kidnapped, beat and raped an Indianapolis woman named Madge Oberholtzer, who later committed suicide.
		Stephenson was imprisoned for 30 years and as a direct result, the Klan's influence waned.
	www.indianahistory.org /programming/immigration/INTRO/intro21.html (360 words)

	Biggest stories by The Star
		To celebrate, about 25,000 members gathered at the State Fairgrounds.
		But support began to fade in 1925, when Stephenson was convicted in the death of Madge Oberholtzer.
		In 1937, wanting to help the community -- and driven by the fear of huge inheritance taxes -- the Lilly family created an endowment, funded with company stock.
	www2.indystar.com /articles/5/048340-6345-P.html (922 words)

	Indiana Black History - articles
		Klan-supported candidates also controlled the legislature and governor's office.
		Stephenson was arrested and convicted of second-degree murder charges in the death of Madge Oberholtzer.
		She was a young Statehouse worker whom Stephenson began dating in 1925.
	www2.indystar.com /library/factfiles/history/black_history/stories/1999_1223.html (746 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / Long, Hot Summer in Indiana
		But he remained “the law” in our state until April 2, 1925, when he was arrested for sadistic sexual assault on a young Indianapolis woman named Madge Oberholtzer.
		Twelve days later Madge Oberholtzer died, and the charge was changed to murder.
		According to the young woman’s dying statement, Stephenson and two henchmen kidnapped her and took her to a town in northern Indiana.
	www.americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/ah/1965/5/1965_5_56.shtml (5883 words)

	[No title]
		Essentially, Stephenson was in the right place at the right time--he was living in Evansville when the Klan made its first appearance in the state in that city.
		But the heart of the book is the discussion of the rape and murder of Madge Oberholtzer by Stephenson and two of his associates, followed by their trial.
		Amazingly, in spite of Stephenson's power, he was found guilty and sent to prison.
	www.law.indiana.edu /lib/pubs/news/0296.html (1810 words)

	Indianapolis, Indiana - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Through the Klan, Stephenson ruled over the State of Indiana, leading a powerful national movement set on gaining control of the United States Congress and the White House.
		However, the power of the Klan would quickly begin to crumble after Stephenson was convicted at the end of 1925 for the rape and murder of a young Indianapolis woman, Madge Oberholtzer.
		Following Stephenson's conviction, the Klan suffered a tremendous blow and quickly lost influence.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Indianapolis,_Indiana (5613 words)

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