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	The Magen David
		The Magen David or the hexagram [six-sided figure] was found in early remains of the Nabateans from the first century.
		Magen David means "Shield" of "David" and the term "shield" or "magen" is used often in Jewish prayers.
		Gershom Scholem believes that Prague is the starting point of the Magen David's rise into the Jewish world and traces this to the flag displayed by the community, a yellow Magen David on a red background.
	www.wzo.org.il /en/resources/view.asp?id=46 (459 words)

	American Friends of Magen David Adom - ARMDI: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		Magen David Adom in Israel - the Red Star of David - is recognized by the State of Israel as its only first aid and disaster relief organization which operates according to the principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
		Magen David Adom (MDA) was officially chartered and recognized as an emergency lifesaving service as a result of the murderous riots of 1929, when Jewish farm and urban settlements were attacked by the Arab population, and were found to be lacking in even the most elementary first aid services.
		Magen David Adom’s Medical Division is responsible for the training of all MDA personnel who work on the Mobile Intensive Care Units, as well as EMT’s, paramedics and physicians.
	afmda.org /site/PageServer?pagename=MDA_Saving_Lives&... (1862 words)

	"Magen David: Shield or Star? - Forward.com"
		magen David or “Shield of David.” Long boycotted by the International Committee of the Red Cross, which refused to grant Israel’s “Red Shield of David” organization membership in its ranks because it did not recognize the medical and humanitarian use of this Jewish symbol alongside the Christian cross and the Muslim crescent, the
		magen David was also first used as the emblem of an entire Jewish community when, in 1354, the Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV granted the Jews of Prague the right to fly it on their flag as their coat of arms.
		magen David as a Jewish symbol gradually spread elsewhere — first to other Jewish communities in Moravia and Germany, then all over Europe and, finally, to the flag of a Jewish state, for which it was chosen by the First Zionist Congress in Basel in 1897.
	www.forward.com /articles/magen-david-shield-or-star (816 words)

	American Friends of Magen David Adom - ARMDI: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		Magen David Adom would not be on the verge of acceptance without their many years of support and withholding millions of dollars in dues to the International Committee of the Red Cross.
		American Friends of Magen David Adom is seeking to build a new Sderot MDA Emergency Medical Station as the current one is both antiquated and small to accommodate the crews and vehicles needed in the city, which has been a target for Palestinian rockets.
		Magen David Adom in Israel, in cooperation with the Foreign Ministry, donated two ambulances to the Kenyan Red Cross in July 2005.
	www.afmda.org /site/PageServer?pagename=News_MDA_In_Israel (2341 words)

	Magen David Adom
		Magen David Adom (MDA) in Israel - the Red Star of David - is recognized by the State of Israel as its only first aid and disaster relief organization which operates according to the principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
		Magen David Adom was officially chartered as a result of the murderous riots of 1929, when farm and urban settlements - totaling some 170,000 of the country's Jewish population - were attacked by the Arab population, and were found to be lacking in even the most elementary first aid services.
		Magen David Adom is operated by some 990 paid employees (ambulance medics/drivers, doctors, paramedics, blood technicians, communication center workers and administrative workers) and by some 6,000 volunteers (youth and adult).
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Health/mda1.html (1060 words)

	Magen's David Vision (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		Magen David is founded for a cause which we dearly see as our mission and we eagerly hope to accomplish it by aiding, supporting and assisting people who are bonded by the Jewish nationalism.
		Magen David is asking each and every Jew to come forward and be apart of this journey for a better future.
		Magen David is committed to help all Jews with no consideration on their religion stream, gender, and ethnic background.
	www.magen-david.org /Vision.htm (143 words)

	Star of David
		The Magen David (shield of David, or as it is more commonly known, the Star of David) is the symbol most commonly associated with Judaism today, but it is actually a relatively new Jewish symbol.
		It is supposed to represent the shape of King David's shield (or perhaps the emblem on it), but there is really no support for that claim in any early rabbinic literature.
		It appears on the flag of the state of Israel, and the Israeli equivalent of the Red Cross is known as the Magen David Adom.
	www.us-israel.org /jsource/Judaism/star.html (371 words)

	Magen David Adom - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Since June 2006, Magen David Adom is officially recognized by the International Committee of the Red Cross as the national aid society of the state of Israel according to the Geneva Conventions, and a member of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
		The Magen David Adom organization was formed in 1930 as a volunteer outfit with a single branch in Tel Aviv.
		From its creation until 2006, Magen David Adom had been denied membership in the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) since it has refused to replace its red Star of David emblem with a pre-approved symbol.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Magen_David_Adom (774 words)

	3Q Version:Star of David
		Non-Jews have been drenched with misinformation that the six-pointed "Star of David" is a sacred symbol of Jewry, dating from David and Solomon, in Biblical times, and signifying the pure "monotheism" of the Jewish religion.
		In actuality, the six-pointed star, called "David's Shield," or "Magen David," was only adopted as a Jewish device in 1873, by the American Jewish Publication Society, it is not even mentioned in rabbinical literature.
		MAGEN DAVID ("David's Shield"): "The hexagram formed by the combination of two equilateral triangles; used as the symbol of Judaism.
	www.threeq.com /pages/starofdavid.html (685 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - MAGEN DAWID (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		It is noteworthy, moreover, that the shield of David is not mentioned in rabbinical literature.
		Nevertheless, a David's shield has recently been noted on a Jewish tombstone at Tarentum, in southern Italy, which may date as early as the third century of the common era (see Herbert M. Adler in "J. R." xiv.
		And likewise the sign called 'David's shield' is placed beside the name of each angel." It was, therefore, at this time a sign on amulets.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=38&letter=M (670 words)

	Star of David - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Star of David is called the Shield of David in Hebrew, מָגֵן דָּוִד or מגן דוד, pronounced Magen David [ma.'gen da.'vid] in Israeli Hebrew and Mogein Dovid ['mɔ.geɪn 'dɔ.vid] or Mogen Dovid ['mɔ.gen 'dɔ.vid] in Ashkenazi Hebrew and Yiddish.
		The earliest Jewish literary source which mentions the "Shield of David" is the Eshkol Ha-Kofer by Judah Hadassi from the middle of the 12th century CE, where seven Shields are used in an amulet for a mezuzah.
		A Star of David, often yellow-colored, was used by the Nazis during the Holocaust as a method of identifying Jews.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Magen_David (1833 words)

	Star of David/Hexagram
		Hebrew MAGEN DAVID ("Shield of David"), Magen also spelled MOGEN, Jewish symbol composed of two overlaid equilateral triangles that form a six-pointed star.
		The Jewish community of Prague was the first to use the Star of David as its official symbol, and from the 17th century on the six-pointed star became the official seal of many Jewish communities and a general sign of Judaism, though it has no biblical or Talmudic authority.
		Thought to be representative of Fire and Water, active and passive, positive and negative, heaven and Earth, this symbol became connected with thoughts of peace, perfect balance and the union of the higher and lower selves which everybody strives to attain.
	www.nisbett.com /symbols/star-david.htm (514 words)

	Star of David (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		The original name that was given to this symbol was Magen David, which literally translated is Shield of David, but the shape of the hexagram is more commonly referred to as the Star of David.
		Later, it became the center Motif on the Israeli flag, and the Star of David is the Israeli equivalent of the Red Cross, which is known as the Red Magen David.
		The Star of David, now, is the symbol of a proud nation, a sign of hope for every Jew, who seeks protection in his or her own country.
	www.ilperetz.org /graduates/amy_nutis.htm (1135 words)

	What’s Wrong with Israel’s Magen David Adom?
		Despite the professional respect in which Magen David Adom is held and its tremendous record of responding to people in need, Israel's humanitarian service organization is denied full membership in the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
		Back in 1864, when the leading nations of the world signed a treaty to provide protection in time of war for hospitals, medical personnel, and the patients in their care, it was agreed that the universal symbol of the humanitarian services would be the Swiss flag with its colors reversed.
		Magen David Adom is not a full and equal member of the Red Cross.
	www.bnaiemet.org /messages/commitment/com2004/c_2004_08a.htm (628 words)

	Chapter Two
		The concept of David having a special shield appears in the tenth century, but even by the twelfth century, the shield was not yet connected with the six-pointed star.
		By the fourteenth century, the six-pointed star was included as central to the Magen David, shield of David, and it was viewed as powerful protection.
		Today of course, the blue Magen David is found on the flag of Israel.
	home.comcast.net /~brownpi/magendavid.htm (363 words)

	Magen David Adom
		The American Red Cross is a proud supporter of the Magen David Adom (MDA), the Israeli equivalent of the Red Cross.
		This relationship was formalized in November of 2002, when the American Red Cross and the MDA signed a Memorandum of Understanding that includes a focus on preparedness for weapons of mass destruction attacks, biomedical services and international tracing and family reunification services.
		Magen David Adom (MDA) in Israel, established in 1930, specializes in emergency disaster relief and is fully equipped with ambulances and mobile intensive care units.
	www.nyredcross.org /media/annualreport2004/magen_david_adom.htm (693 words)

	The American Red Cross and Magen David Adom (MDA)
		Among the subjects covered was the admission of the Magen David Adom, Israel's humanitarian organization, and the Palestinian Red Crescent Society as full, voting members of the International Federation of Red Cross & Red Crescent Societies.
		On June 21, 2006, Magen David Adom (MDA), Israel's official emergency medical, disaster, ambulance and blood bank service, was finally accepted as a full member in the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), during the 29th International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent in Geneva.
		With the adoption of the Protocol, a long-standing barrier to the admission of the Israeli society — Magen David Adom (MDA) — was removed.
	www.redcross.org /mda (1098 words)

	Star of David Information
		David’s name began and ended with the dalet, and since David was a man of war, greatly feared by the nations
		The Star of David is suggested to represent Yeshua (Jesus), the Messiah of Israel.
		Herzl chose the Star of David as the symbol of Zionism; in 1897 the Magen David was adopted as the emblem of the
	www.homefurnishings-gifts.com /Star_of_David_Information.html (2015 words)

	[No title]
		Although scholars have attempted to trace the Star of David back to King David himself; to Rabbi Akiva and the Bar Kokhba ("son of the star") rebellion (135 C.E.); or to *kabbalists, especially Rabbi Isaac Luria (16th century), no Jewish literature or artifacts document this claim.
		Rather, all evidence suggests that the early use of the hexagram was limited to "practical Kabbalah," that is, Jewish magic, probably dating back to the 6th century C.E. Legends connect this symbol with the "Seal of Solomon," the magical signet signet *ring used by King Solomon to control demons and spirits.
		In 17th-century Vienna, the Jewish quarter was separated from the Christian quarter by a boundary stone inscribed with a hexagram on one side and a cross on the other, the first instance of the six-pointed star being used to represent Judaism as a whole, rather than an individual community.
	www.menorah.org /starofdavid.html (1191 words)

	Star of David, Magen david, Star of David pendant
		The "Star of David" is known in Hebrew as Magen David, which literally means the "shield of David," apparently from the popular notion that the Beloved King of Israel wore this symbol on his shields, although there is no evidence that this is true.
		In the 17th century, it became a popular practice to put the Star of David on the outside of synagogues, to identify them as Jewish houses of worship; however, it is not clear why this symbol was selected for this.
		The Star of David is sometimes known as the Creator's Star, in which each of the six points represents a day of the week and the center corresponds to the Sabbath.
	www.ka-gold-jewelry.com /p-articles/star-of-david.php (509 words)

	The Magen David
		The Magen David (shield of David) is a six-pointed star which has come to symbolize Judaism and the Jewish people.
		It further appears that the hexagram and pentagram were used interchangeably until this period, and then the six-pointed star gained favor, as it was associated with the notion of a "shield" of God and taken to have magical powers when used as an amulet.
		From the 14th century through the 18th century, the terms "shield of David" and "seal of Solomon" were used in magical texts indiscriminately though the hexagram ascended in popularity as the pentagram diminished in popularity.
	www.templesanjose.org /JudaismInfo/faq/The_Magen_David.htm (668 words)

	MAGEN DAVID ADOM
		This is the Magen David Adom Blood Fractionation Center on the campus of Tel Hashomer Hospital near Ramat Gan, Israel.
		Magen David Adom is committed to its continuing work with the Palestinian Red Crescent Society to save lives in both Israel and in the Palestinian Territory.
		Healy willingly risked her position in the ARC for the sake of this principle; in fact, her ouster in 2001 is partly attributed to her courageous stand on the MDA issue.
	www.ngcsu.edu /bdf/bfried/MDA.htm (703 words)

	Seeing Stars
		For the most part, references to the shields of Solomon and David, and their use in occult practices, are found in non-Jewish sources, and they frequently reinforce the medieval stereotypes of a Jewish predilection for sorcery.
		The earliest known appearance of the Magen David as a specifically Jewish icon was on the official emblem of the Prague Jewish community in the seventeenth century.
		In the latter part of the seventeenth century this motif was cultivated by the devotees of the mystical messiah Shabbetai Zvi, and the Shield of David would appear as a secret sign on amulets produced by the faithful, particularly after it had gone underground.
	www.acs.ucalgary.ca /~elsegal/Shokel/971120_MagenDavid.html (999 words)

	[No title]
		Israel's Magen David Adom rescue service has used a red Star of David to identify its ambulances and medical workers.
		Magen David Adom, or Red Shield of David, could place a red star in the center of the crystal for humanitarian missions at home or abroad if a host country allowed it.
		A request for recognition of its red Star of David emblem was rejected in 1949 and Arab countries have since blocked attempts to find an alternative symbol.
	www.ynetnews.com /articles/0,7340,L-3181333,00.html (701 words)

	LifeWay: Biblical Solutions for Life - The Work of Magen David Adom
		The volunteers and staff of Magen David Adom have always served as messengers of God, delivering immediate medical assistance regardless of race or religion.
		In 2003, Magen David Adom’s ambulances responded to 430,684 calls for help, and transported 281,335 different patients to the nation’s hospitals and emergency clinics, an increase of nearly 7% from the previous year.
		Magen David Adom maintains a volunteer base of 9,000, aided and assisted by a small team of paid medical personnel.
	www.lifeway.com /article/?id=157456 (545 words)

	Magen David (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-09)
		The Magen David (literally "Shield of David") has six-points, which symbolize that G-d rules over the universe and protects us from all six directions: North, South, East, West, Up and Down.
		A similar symbolism is found in reading the "Shema." ("Code of Jewish Law" O.C. Rabbi Moshe Feinstein writes that King David used this six-pointed symbol to signify that the Almighty shields him in war.
		So whether it is a blue shield waving proudly on our flag, or a yellow shield in a concentration camp, the Shield of David stands as a reminder that for the Jewish people...
	headcoverings-by-devorah.com /MagenDavid.htm (377 words)

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