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	Magical Realism: Definitions
		Magical realism, unlike the fantastic or the surreal, presumes that the individual requires a bond with the traditions and the faith of the community, that s/he is historically constructed and connected.
		Magical realism refers to the occurrence of supernatural, or anything that is contrary to our conventional view of reality [it is] not divorced from reality either, [and] the presence of the supernatural is often attributed to the primitive or 'magical' Indian mentality, which coexists with European rationality.
		Magic realist novels and stories have, typically, a strong narrative drive, in which the recognizably realistic merges with the unexpected and the inexplicable and in which elements of dreams, fairy story, or mythology combine with the everyday, often in a mosaic or kaleidoscopic pattern of refraction and recurrence.
	www.public.asu.edu /~aarios/resourcebank/definitions (1524 words)

	Jan Jakub Kolski - English - magic realism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In Roh's original conception, magic realism was considered to be synonymous with post-expressionist painting (1920-25), which was thought to be magical because it revealed the mysterious elements hidden in everyday reality.
		Magical realism is, more than anything else, an attitude toward reality that can be expressed in popular or cultured forms, in elaborate or rustic styles in closed or open structures.
		Magic realism, for Jameson, is a return to the tribal, village, or pre-capitalist culture that existed before Newtonian laws and Cartesian philosophy ordered representation of the world.
	republika.pl /estiej/emagicrealism.htm (1669 words)

	Magic Realism: A Problem
		"Magic Realism" is a term used by critics to describe a mingling of the mundane with the fantastic.
		Essentially, the magic was derived from the painting technique employed by the associated artists rather than the actual content (ultimately it came to be viewed as a kind of down-market surrealism).
		In this caase magic realism was distinguished by the fact that its practitioners treated the fantastic as normal, without any sense of surprise or amazement.
	www.qub.ac.uk /schools/SchoolofEnglish/imperial/india/Magic.htm (891 words)

	Travel.html
		Magical realism is characterized by two conflicting perspectives, one based on a rational view of reality and the other on the acceptance of the supernatural as prosaic reality.
		Magical realism differs from pure fantasy primarily because it is set in a normal, modern world with authentic descriptions of humans and society.
		Specifically, magical realism is illustrated in the inharmonious arenas of such opposites as urban and rural, and Western and indigenous.
	www.english.emory.edu /Bahri/MagicalRealism.html (946 words)

	Magic Realism as Post-Colonialist Device in "Midnight's Children."
		Her tracing the origins of magic realism as a literary style to Latin America and Third World countries is accompanied by a definition of a post-modern text as signifying a change from 'modernism's ahistorical burden of the past': it is a text that 'self-consciously reconstruct[s] its relationship to what came before' (131).
		Writing that 'the illusion itself is reality,' and thereby acknowledging the hypnotic grip of the magic emitted by the cinema, Rushdie both questions and acknowledges the power of the medium as a component of a hybrid post-colonial Indian culture.
		She concludes by noting that '[t]he regionalism of magic realism and the local and particular focus of post-modern art are both ways of contesting not just this centrality, but also claims of universality' (132).
	www.qub.ac.uk /schools/SchoolofEnglish/imperial/india/rushdie.htm (2357 words)

	MAGIC REALISM
		MAGIC REALISM, in behalf of the human, the traditional, and the communal or folk, is inevitably a critique and subversion of REALISM, which purports to represent the truth or the official view.
		MAGIC REALISM often responds to the centrality of gender and sexual issues central to human culture with reactionary mockery and vituperation, especially when it is male-centered or male-authored.
		MAGIC REALISM has existed throughout the history of culture, from Homer=s Odyssey and Euripides= The Bacchae, to the present day, and is a useful paradigm and tool for examining cultural artifacts, values and texts throughout history and in the immediate era.
	www.usm.maine.edu /eng/magicrealismnotes.htm (452 words)

	Span number 36 Postcolonial Fictions: Suzanne Baker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		While "realism" itself is a chronically unstable term, realist writing is usually understood to be that which draws on a set of narrative conventions designed to create the illusion that the story on the page is "real" or "true" and corresponds in some direct way to the ordinary world of day-to-day life.
		Magic realism, therefore, belongs neither entirely to the realm of fantasy nor to that of empirical reality.
		Magic realism, he points out, creates a "space in which the spatial effects of canonical realism and those of axiomatic fantasy are interwoven.
	wwwmcc.murdoch.edu.au /ReadingRoom/litserv/SPAN/36/Baker.html (1808 words)

	What really is Magic Realism?
		It is a misunderstanding to assume that Magic Realism is a style of primarily American painters, even though there are a lot of strong representatives for Magic Realism within American visual art, such as Ivan Albright, Philip Howard Evergood, Paul Cadmus, Peter Blume and George Tooker.
		An important characteristic of Magic Realism is to create scenes from ordinary and everyday life, making it fascinating, surprising and awesome, by radically emphasizing "...common elements of reality, elements that are often present but have become virtually invisible because of their familiarity" (Scott Simpkins).
		Magic Realism, in comparison to Surrealism, is not subject to any political ideology or "manifesto", and it is easy to find the roots of Magic Realism in art history.
	www.phmoen.no /english/magic_realism/what_is.html (1187 words)

	After Magical Realism
		Magical Realism is a term by which most of the literary world knows or presumes to know Latin American literature.
		Later, Magical Realism was the phrase which powered the "Boom Period" of the 60s, the period during which non-Latin American audiences came to know authors such as Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Alejo Carpentier, Julio Cortazar, and many, many others.
		In the years since, Magical Realism has grown into apparently the only recognizable trait by which Latin American literature is known and marketed, and the term itself has grown from a region-specific genre into a super-genre that sometimes is used to describe writing that is neither Latin American, modernist, post-modernist, nor stylistically atavistic.
	asweb.unco.edu /latina/courses/Specials/after_magical_realism.htm (776 words)

	Magic Realism
		The representation of the banal and the quotidian is a central tenet of nineteenth-century realism, and magic realism continues this project.
		In the derealized and defamiliarized world(s) of magic realism, the unusual juxtaposition of objects throws traditional descriptive systems into disarray, and the boundaries of an assumed "real" are stretched until levels of reality obeying different ontological laws coexist metonymically.
		Many magic realists write in the language of an established national literature from which they feel excluded, such as Kafka's use of German, Nabokov's use of English, and the post-colonial writers' use of the language of their colonizers, be it Spanish, French or English.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/english/orals/magic_realism.htm (1218 words)

	magic realism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In researching the literary mode magical realism, one finds the definitions vague, and practically devoid of examples of usage beyond the levitations and flying carpets of Marquez and the labrynths of Borges.
		Magical realism is a style that manipulates reality with elements of the supernatural, fantastical, magical and imaginary.
		Thus, magical realism is quite the necessary tool in post-colonial literature, one that is employed to add depth and emphasis its works.
	www.haverford.edu /engl/engl277b/Contexts/magic_realism.htm (575 words)

	Michael Cook: Magical Realism Questions Reality
		Perhaps this is due to the nature of Magic Realism itself: It defies categorization as a formal “style” in visual art because it carries no dogma or unified voice—preferring to speak in a myriad of intermingled whispers or rumbling undertones of waves from a distant shore.
		Another form of Magic Realism arises from an animistic approach that holds no preconceived notions about what is “real.” This variety is more akin to the primal stirrings first felt by the Neanderthal, in an attempt to make sense of the mysterious world that he or she confronted outside the cave.
		This is an enduring conundrum of Magic Realism.
	www.phmoen.no /english/magic_realism/questions_reality.html (1786 words)

	Magic and Fantasy Realism
		Magic Realism is a form of art that derived from an art style that originated over half a millennium ago by the Florentines and the Flemish.
		Magic Realism portrays something that is common and occurs daily in nature, but it adds some much more to what it is showing.
		An artist's character really comes out because the way they portray the character(s) in their work is different that what the viewer might imagine the character to look like.
	www.richeast.org /htwm/artists/NH/magic.html (1583 words)

	Magic Realism
		Magic Realism in art refers to a twentieth century movement which was initiated by European artists after World War I, and which was followed by a second phase that began in North America a decade later.
		Magic Realist painters added dreamlike and fantastic elements to their art, but their subject matter still always remained within the realm of the possible.
		Magic Realism spread from Germany to many other European countries, and subsequently to North America.
	www.tendreams.org /magic.htm (462 words)

	Garcia Marquez - Magical Realism
		The term magic realism, originally applied in the 1920s to a school of painters, is used to describe the prose fiction of Jorge Luis Borges in Argentina, as well as the work of writers such as Gabriel García Márquez in Colombia, Gunter Grass in Germany, and John Fowles in England.
		Magic Realism: A Problem -- This essay by David Mullan is a concise explanation as to why the term is problematic in postcolonial theory.
		Binarisms and Duality: Magic Realism and Postcolonialism -- Written by Suzanne Baker for Murdoch University/SPAN, this paper further discusses the problematic nature of the term.
	www.themodernword.com /gabo/gabo_mr.html (642 words)

	MAGICAL REALISM: Theory, History, Community
		Magical realism is often regarded as a regional trend, restricted to the Latin American writers who popularized it as a literary form.
		In this critical anthology, the first of its kind, editors Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris show magical realism to be an international movement with a wide-ranging history and a significant influence among the literatures of the world.
		In situation magical realism within the expance of literary and cultural history, this collection describes a mode of writing that has been a catalyst in the development of new regional literatures and revitalizing force for more established narrative traditions - writing particularly alive in postcolonial contexts and a major component of postmodernist fiction.
	www.uta.edu /english/wbfaris/MagicalRealism.html (368 words)

	New Objectivity and Magic Realism - New Objectivity and Magic Realism Art
		The main characteristic of New Objectivity and Magic Realism is the representation of domestic indoors or scenes of every day life expressed in an unreal dimension.
		As is well known, the term "magical realism" was first uttered in a discussion of painting, when the German art critic Franz Roh, in his 1925 essay, described a group of painters whom we now categorize generally as Post-Expressionists.
		Magic Realism is a term coind by art historian Franz Roh in 1925 to describe a visual arts movement emerging throughout Europe.
	www.huntfor.com /arthistory/C20th/newobjectivity.htm (635 words)

	Mr Magic Realism / MRWIN - Mary E. Choo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		I think of the movement in conventional terms, of a literature in which the magical is an integral part of everyday existence.
		As a writer, and an appreciative reader of Magic Realism, I find a lot of what I've read to be punctuated with striking images and subtle allegory.
		Magic Realism's strength is in its endless permutations and imaginative thrust.
	www.pantarbe.com /mrmagicrealism/mrwinc02.htm (225 words)

	magicrealismMinkowski (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Magic realism can be defined as a "preoccupation or interest in showing something common or daily into something unreal or strange." Magic realism was first employed as a literary style by the Latin American author Allejo Carpentier in 1949, who used the term "the magical real".
		Magic realism has since then been associated with the literature produced in Latin America, predominantly during the Boom.
		Time is another important theme in magic realist literature, "which is frequently displayed as cyclical instead of linear." Politics, revolution and social change (or perhaps the lack of social change) is also often explored in these works.
	www.lclark.edu /~woodrich/magicrealismminkowski.html (328 words)

	Magic Realism \| MetaFilter
		June 5, 2006 5:55 PM Magic realism, "in which magical elements appear in an otherwise realistic setting." A few galleries to peruse, but these are my favs.
		Magic realism is a literary movement, too, including Chronicle of a Death Foretold, which despite claiming to be a chronicle actually has no path of time whatsoever and repeats the murder several times.
		Magical realism is too, but it is different than either fantasy or science fiction because it presumes a world essentially like our own into which magical elements intrude without causing the disruptions of ontology that we might otherwise expect from them.
	www.metafilter.com /mefi/52110 (1479 words)

	Magic realism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Magic realism (or magical realism) is an artistic genre in which magical elements appear in an otherwise realistic setting.
		Magic realism is a style of visual art which brings extreme realism to the depiction of mundane subject matter.
		Magical realism often overlaps or is confused with other genres and movements.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Magic_realism (1328 words)

	Magic Realism Summary & Essays - n/a
		Magic Realism is a literary movement associated with a style of writing or technique that incorporates magical or supernatural events into realistic narrative without questioning the improbability of these events.
		Thus, magic realist works present the reader with a perception of the world where nothing is taken for granted and where anything can happen.
		The fantastical qualities of this style of writing were heavily influenced by the surrealist movement in Europe of the 1920s and literary avant-gardism as well as by the exotic natural surroundings, native and exiled cultures, and tumultuous political histories of Latin America.
	www.enotes.com /magic-realism (476 words)

	Magic Realism Today
		Because the majority of this literature features considerable amounts of fantasy, this type of Magic Realism is distinct from the type that had been established in art in the preceding four decades.
		Today the term Magic Realism is developing interest that it never commanded during the first half of the 20th century.
		Because a different set of criteria are used to define Magic Realism in literature, it seems more appropriate to treat Magic Realism in art as historical, rather than a contemporary continuation of the original movement.
	www.tendreams.org /magic9.htm (492 words)

	Magic Realism in the Art of Matthew Bates
		Magic is a beautiful word, it conjures up images from our youth, it gives us hope, and it is something out of our normal understanding and perception.
		I realize that this is not the traditional use in Magic Realism, but I feel that like all movements need to evolve in time.
		A big part of my use of magic realism is the electrifying of the colors in my paintings, as if there was a perfect light everywhere.
	www.mattbates.net /Magic-Realism.htm (1327 words)

	Magic Realism in Europe
		During the twenties and thirties, Magic Realism was evident in the work of many artists throughout Europe.
		There is currently a revival of interest in Magic Realism in Holland which may yield new and interesting work during this decade.
		The artists of Italy embraced realism periodically in the successive decades, and many of these works are in the style of Magic Realism..
	www.tendreams.org /magic5.htm (788 words)

	magic realism - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		MAGIC REALISM [magic realism] primarily Latin American literary movement that arose in the 1960s.
		Works of magic realism mingle realistic portrayals of ordinary events and characters with elements of fantasy and myth, creating a rich, frequently disquieting world that is at once familiar and dreamlike.
		Shifra Horn infuses Israeli literature with elements of magic realism
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-magicreal.html (282 words)

	Taking 'magic' out of magic realism - The Boston Globe
		I think for the generation of writers who came of age in the early '90s, we came at a moment when Latin America was primarily known by magical realism abroad.
		It took six years to realize something was going on [with the publication of the "McOndo" anthology].
		It's true that [in Latin America], the extraordinary is quotidian, and that's why magical realism has such a resonance.
	www.boston.com /ae/books/articles/2004/04/18/taking_magic_out_of_magic_realism (939 words)

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