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Topic: Magnesium fluoride

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	Magnesium - Diet Index - dietlist.net
		Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body and is essential to good health.
		Magnesium supplementation may be indicated when a specific health problem or condition causes an excessive loss of magnesium or limits magnesium absorption.
		Magnesium levels increased in the group receiving 1000 mg magnesium oxide per day (equal to 600 mg elemental magnesium per day) but did not significantly change in the placebo group or the group receiving 500 mg of magnesium oxide per day (equal to 300 mg elemental magnesium per day).
	www.dietlist.net /magnesium.html (2355 words)

	Magnesium fluoride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		) is a white crystalline salt composed of one magnesium ion and two fluoride ions, and is used in the electrolysis of aluminium ore. It is a tetragonal, birefringent crystal.
		Magnesium fluoride is transparent over an extremely wide range of wavelengths.
		The cost of producing optical elements from this material—as of 2004 one vendor charged nearly $500 for 25-mm diameter magnesium fluoride lenses and windows—limits its use to specialized applications.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Magnesium_fluoride (185 words)

	Magnesium
		Magnesium was first recognised as an element in 1755 by Black however, it was not isolated until 1808 by Davy who evaporated the mercury from a magnesium amalgam made by electrolysing a mixture of moist magnesia and mercuric oxide, and was not prepared in its coherent form till 1831 by Bussy.
		Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust (approximately 2.5% by weight) it is one of the alkaline-earth metals and does not occur uncombined.
		For this reason magnesium should be handled carefully for risk of serious fires and water should not be used on burning magnesium or on magnesium fires.
	www.azom.com /details.asp?ArticleID=618 (541 words)

	Hydrogen fluoride (PIM 268)
		Fluoride binds irreversibly to calcium and magnesium resulting in precipitation and much of the cellular and systemic toxicity is mediated via this action.
		The fluoride ion is the most electronegative element in the periodic table; it is a relatively small ion and therefore diffuses readily; and, because hydrogen fluoride is a weak acid, there are sufficiently uncharged species to allow tissue penetration.
		Absorption of the fluoride ion is a significant hazard mainly due to hypocalcaemia.
	www.inchem.org /documents/pims/chemical/hydfluor.htm (5193 words)

	Magnesium Deficiency
		According to the findings the thing that was most significant was the greater amount of magnesium in the water supply in the city that had the less incidence of bone fractures and osteoporosis.
		Knowing the importance of magnesium in bone health, maybe the synthetic vitamin D added to milk is the reason that osteoporosis is such a widespread problem in nations with large milk consumption.
		Magnesium is a mineral that requires stomach acid to ionize the mineral so that it can be absorbed by the body.
	www.xmission.com /~total/temple/Soapbox/Articles/magnesium01.html (816 words)

	Conditions magnesium may help: Cluster headaches thru Heart-Related Conditions
		Comparison of the effects of magnesium hydroxide and a bulk laxative on lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins A and E, and minerals in geriatric hospital patients in the treatment of constipation.
		Magnesium and potassium in diabetes and carbohydrate metabolism.
		Magnesium status and risk of coronary artery disease in rural and urban populations with variable magnesium consumption.
	www.mgwater.com /listc.shtml (1195 words)

	Fluorides and Fluoridation - Fluorine Chemistry
		Fluoride may have a direct cellular effect causing disturbances in cell morphology and metabolism, but the effects may also involve local supracellular mechanisms as well as the general homeostasis of the individual.
		The Diagnosis of Fluorosis, GL Waldbott, FLUORIDE 14(1):1-3 1981.
		The authors investigated the effect of magnesium on the fluoride balance by determining the metabolic balances of fluoride and magnesium in control studies and during magnesium supplementation in nine fully ambulatory male patients.
	www.rvi.net /~fluoride/s01.htm (4310 words)

	Electroless Michal on Magnesium Alloy Automotive Parts - Statistical Data Included Automotive Finishing - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the earth's crust and the third most abundant element in seawater.
		Magnesium and magnesium alloys are used in a variety of structural and nonstructural applications.
		Magnesium alloys are valuable for aerospace applications because they are lightweight and exhibit good strength and stiffness at both room temperature and elevated temperatures.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0HRR/is_2001_Winter/ai_81477436 (908 words)

	It's Elemental - The Element Magnesium
		Magnesium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy, an English chemist, through the electrolysis of a mixture of magnesium oxide (MgO) and mercuric oxide (HgO) in 1808.
		Magnesium burns with a brilliant white light and is used in pyrotechnics, flares and photographic flashbulbs.
		Magnesium oxide is used in some antacids, in making crucibles and insulating materials, in refining some metals from their ores and in some types of cements.
	education.jlab.org /itselemental/ele012.html (356 words)

	Calcium & Magnesium in Drinking Water - Journal Abstracts
		Drinking water magnesium concentrations in water zones ranged from 2 mg/l to 111 mg/l (mean (SD) 19 (20) mg/l, median 12 mg/l); 24% of variation in magnesium concentrations was within zone and 76% was between zone.
		For the group with the highest levels of magnesium in drinking water, the odds ratio adjusted for age and calcium level was 0.65 (95 percent confidence interval 0.50-0.84).
		Magnesium deficiency causes cardiac arrhythmia and several studies suggest that a low level of magnesium in drinking water is a risk factor for myocardial infarction, particularly among men.
	www.cyber-nook.com /water/tbl_acm.html (5219 words)

	Cal/Mag
		Using the method of metabolic balance, we investigated the fluoride metabolism and its change during calcium-magnesium preparation treatment in 60 cases of endemic fluorosis.
		Fluoride intake was positively correlated with intestinal fluoride apparent absorption rate (r = 0.375, P less than 0.01).
		“Magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) status was assessed in subjects to evaluate the effects of thyroid diseases on Mg and Zn metabolism.
	www.bruha.com /pfpc/html/cal_mag.html (521 words)

	Comments on the finding of toxin-induced blood vessel inclusions and alterations in neuronal and cerebrovascular ...
		Although it has sometimes been simplistically thought that the fluoride ion, at 1 ppm, has the same effect irrespective of what else is present with it, the fact is that the toxicity of fluoride is affected by the degree of hardness of the water reflecting the levels of magnesium and calcium.
		Magnesium fluoride and calcium fluoride are relatively insoluble, dissociating less into their respective ions, so that for a given fluoride concentration they may be less likely to produce adverse effects than the same fluoride concentration in the form of sodium fluoride.
		When the fluoride is present with larger amounts of aluminium, such as 5 ppm of trivalent aluminium and about 10 ppm of fluoride or 50 ppm of trivalent aluminium and about 100 ppm of fluoride, the resulting overt toxicity is less.
	www.fluoride-journal.com /98-31-2/31289-90.htm (922 words)

	Fluoride Pesticide Poisonings: Recognition & Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is approximately as toxic as sodium fluoride.
		The subsequent release of fluoride from bone is gradual enough not to cause a recurrence of toxicity.26, 27 Large loads of absorbed fluoride may potentially poison renal tubule cells, resulting in acute renal failure.
		Ingested fluoride is transformed in the stomach to hydrofluoric acid, which has a corrosive effect on the epithelial lining of the gastrointestinal tract.
	www.fluoridealert.org /f-poisonings.htm (1068 words)

	Magnesium . com - Data Bank
		Magnesium alloys of suitable composition and purity are corrosion resistant.
		Unprotected magnesium and magnesium-alloy parts are resistant to rural atmospheres and moderately resistant to industrial and mild marine atmospheres, provided they do not contain joints or recesses that entrap water in association with an active galvanic couple.
		Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, and ethers are not corrosive to magnesium and its alloys.
	www.magnesium.com /w3/data-bank/index.php?mgw=166 (1638 words)

	Magnesium Fluoride (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Magnesium fluoride is a colorless, crystalline compound whose low refractive index (n=1.38) makes it effective as a lens antireflection coating when deposited by thermal evaporation in a near vacuum.
		Magnesium fluoride is used as a prism and window for wavelengths from the vacuum ultraviolet region of 115.0mm to the infrared region of 9.5.
		Magnesium fluoride is used for optical elements in the infrared where extreme ruggedness and durability is required.
	www.greatvistachemicals.com.cob-web.org:8888 /industrial_and_specialty_chemicals/magnesium_fluoride.html (382 words)

	Magnesium and Fluoride
		This may be because of the decreased rate of accumulation of fluoride in bones or decreased renal function [comment: the reason there is decreased bone F accumulation is because bone becomes saturated with it and cannot take anymore--it then becomes more brittle].
		This may be because of a fluoride-induced increase in the uptake of magnesium from plasma into bone (Chiemchaisri and Philips 1963).
		Because fluoride is excreted through the kidney, people with renal insufficiency would have impaired renal clearance of fluoride (Juncos and Donadio 1972).
	www.mgwater.com /fluoride.shtml (406 words)

	1987 Fluoride Abstracts. Part 2. Fluoride Action Network Pesticide Project. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The average fluoride content of M. agrestis skulls obtained from a location 0.9 km from an aluminium reduction plant was significantly greater than that of skulls from another location 22 km from the source of industrial fluoride pollution.
		In calves born to the fluoride intoxicated cows, congenital fluorosis was manifested by brown discoloration of enamel, enamel hypoplasia, brown mottling of bone,
		Fluoride is emitted from aluminum plants in particulate and gaseous forms; both are dispersed by prevailing winds.
	www.fluoridealert.org /pesticides/1987.part.2.f.abstracts.htm (7393 words)

	Products (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		USAGE: It can be used as antiseptic of wood, assistant reagent in magnesium and aluminium smelted insecticide in agriculture, intermediate in organic synthesization, chemical reagent in analytical chemistry.
		Usage: used as flux for melting of metal magnesium, additive for electroanalysis of aluminum, plating film of optic glass, finishing agent of titanium pigments, fluorescent material for cathode ray plate.
		Chemical industry: mainly used for producing various magnesium salt as raw materials of dust prevention agent, antifreezer and fire retardant.
	www.china-fluoride.com /web_c/cpjs_e.htm (1295 words)

	Magnesium chloride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Magnesium chloride is composed of magnesium and chlorine and is a typical ionic halide, being highly polar and soluble in water.
		Magnesium chloride is an important coagulant used in the preparation of tofu from soy milk.
		The liquid magnesium chloride is sprayed on dry pavement (tarmac) prior to precipitation or wet pavement prior to freezing temperatures in the winter months to prevent snow and ice from adhering and bonding to the roadway.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Magnesium_chloride (564 words)

	Magnesium fluoride recovery method - Patent 4874599
		It is an object of the invention to provide a process for the recovery of magnesium fluoride substantially free of radioactivity from a radioactive magesium-uranium fluoride slag.
		It is a further object of the invention to provide a method of recovering magnesium fluoride from a radiactive magnesium-uranium flouride slag in which the magnesium fluoride product as a sufficiently low radioactivity level that it may be disposed of without nuclear restrictions.
		An amount of pulverized magnesium fluoride waste slag was placed in beakers of acid having a normality within the range from 0.5 to 5.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4874599.html (3095 words)

	Magnesium and Osteoporosis
		Interrelationship of magnesium and estrogen in cardiovascular and bone disorders, eclampsia, migraine and premenstrual syndrome.
		Magnesium deficiency, as an isolated nutritional deficiency, is rare, and the evidence is, at best, weak that magnesium supplementation reduces the risk of poor perinatal outcome.
		Several factors are discussed, including the waterborne magnesium factor, the loss of magnesium during food refining and the magnesium content of vegetarian diets, as well as various metabolic situations, e.g., hypertension, pregnancy, osteoporosis, drug therapy, alcoholism, stress and cardiac trauma.
	www.mdschoice.com /text/abstracts/Magnesium/magosteo.htm (1879 words)

	Early Pretreatment of Magnesium
		Finishing of Magnesium, Thomas J. Pullizzi, Bayside Electrical Testing, Inc., Beach Haven, NJ Magnesium is usually treated with chromate conversion coatings or an anodize finish prior to the application of organic finishes.
		To minimize the corrosion potential between magnesium and dissimilar metals, the area of the magnesium should be large compared to the area of the dissimilar metal.
		The pickling of magnesium castings is done under Type I to detect surface flaws, defects, sand holes, and evidences of welding, and under Type II to remove the casting skin and other surface contamination that may affect subsequent chemical treatments.
	www.finishing.com /faqs/magnesium.html (2452 words)

	Magnesium reduction of uranium fluoride in molten salts (US4552588)
		Magnesium reduction of uranium fluoride in molten salts
		A method and apparatus are provided for reducing uranium fluoride with magnesium to form uranium metal or uranium alloys.
		The reduction is carried out in a molten-salt solution in which the metallic product sinks and separates while the magnesium fluoride by-product dissolves into the molten salt or forms a solid precipitate outside of the metallic region.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=US04552588 (245 words)

	magnesium oxide
		Magnesium ribbon burns in air with an extremely bright white light, giving off a large amount of energy, and white smoke with is mostly magnesium oxide in very fine particles.
		The magnesium ribbon easily crumbles into a white powder which is a mixture of magnesium oxide (about 90%) and magnesium nitride (about 10%).
		Magnesium Oxide: Determine the formula of a compound formed by the reaction of magnesium and oxygen.
	www.elmhurst.edu /~chm/vchembook/143Amgoxide.html (454 words)

	Edmund Optics - Special! Magnesium Fluoride Windows (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Magnesium Fluoride has excellent transmission from 200nm (may even be used as low as 121nm â“ the hydrogen Lyman-alpha line) to 6Âµm and has the lowest index of refraction of commonly used IR materials.
		Magnesium Fluoride optics are an excellent selection for environments where ruggedness and durability are required.
		Magnesium Fluoride is commonly used in thermal imaging and excimer laser applications.
	www.edmundoptics.com.cob-web.org:8888 /US/onlinecatalog/Browse.cfm?categoryid=1544&level=2 (180 words)

	Shine dims on protective space films - use of magnesium fluoride to protect ground- and space-based optical instruments ...
		The Vanderbilt researchers deposited a thin (170-angstrom) layer of magnesium fluoride onto a mirror-quality bed of beryllium, and then bombarded the coating with medium-energy (150-kilo-electron-volt) helium ions.
		Osantowski also observes that magnesium fluoride has maintained an apparently strong track record in space: No such coating has yet been found significantly degraded, including any on the 12-year-old International Ultraviolet Explorer, he says.
		The NASA researcher notes that magnesium fluoride coatings exposed to natural radiation in space during 10 months of the five-year Long-Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) mission (SN: 11/11/89, p.314) showed only minor degradation -- consistent with micrometeorite and atmospheric contaminants but not with instrinsic radiation damage, he says.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n18_v138/ai_9093292 (821 words)

	Kodak Ektars
		Earliest versions probably had no coating; starting ~ 1939 calcium fluoride; later may have had magnesium fluoride.
		Earliest versions had calcium fluoride coating; later may have had magnesium fluoride.
		Earliest versions may had calcium fluoride coating (undocumented); later had magnesium fluoride.
	www.prairienet.org /b-wallen/BN_Photo/KodakEktarsDB0.htm (534 words)

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