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Topic: Magnetic levitation device

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	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Magnetic levitation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		As water is predominantly diamagnetic, this property has been used to levitate water droplets and even live animals, such as a grasshopper and a frog.
		The magnetic fields required for this are very high, however; in the range of 16 teslas, and create significant problems if ferromagnetic materials are nearby.
		If the levitated magnet is rotated, the gyroscopic forces from spinning and precession can prevent the magnet from overturning.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Magnetic_levitation (742 words)

	Superconductivity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A magnet levitating above a high-temperature superconductor (with boiling liquid nitrogen underneath), demonstrating the Meissner effect.
		This equation, which is known as the London equation, predicts that the magnetic field in a superconductor decays exponentially from whatever value it possesses at the surface.
		For example, superconducting magnets could be used to generate the powerful magnetic fields used by Bussard ramjets, a type of spacecraft commonly encountered in science fiction.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Superconductivity (2908 words)

	HFML, Levitation
		Levitating trains and levitating displays are but two examples of electromagnetic levitation.
		The real levitation makes use of diamagnetism, an intrinsic property of many materials referring to their ability to expel a portion, even if a minute one, of an external magnetic field.
		Low temperatures (such that air turns liquid) and powerful magnets (such that cooking pans are drawn from a distance of several meters) are not what one is likely to have at home to be able to watch the superconducting or diamagnetic levitation.
	www.hfml.sci.kun.nl /levitate.html (455 words)

	Magnetic Levitation
		An approaching magnet disturbs this balance and this this output is fed to a PWM (pulse width modulated) supply for the MOSFET output to the coil.
		Total levitating lifting power is around 2 pounds (1 kg) but it will be supporting a NIB magnet weighing 160g measuring 1.3 inches (3 cm) diameter x 1.3 inches (3 cm) deep.
		The magnetic levitation demonstrated by Sylvia at the GDS.
	members.iinet.net.au /~pterren/Magnetism.htm (1951 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5567672 - Method and apparatus for damping mechanical vibration with a high Tc superconductor - October ...
		The lower drive magnet 34 was placed adjacent to a drive coil 37 having a pick up coil 38 and a compensation coil 39 connected in opposition to each other to form a gradiometer, the output voltage from which gave a measure of the amplitude of the motion of the magnet.
		The upper magnet 35 was placed adjacent the YBCO damping element 31, and the drive current frequency was swept through the mechanical resonance and the amplitude and width of the resonance response was measured.
		Shaft 67, or other levitated body such as a block or translational bearing, which may be at room temperature, is provided with relatively large permanent magnet or magnets 68, the shape of which may be annular or longitudinal depending on the application.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5567672.html (3521 words)

	MAGLEV MAGNETIC LEVITATION SUSPENSION DEVICE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		Here a 3 inch alnico rod magnet is levitated by the cradle.
		On the core face of each coil is the Hall device which provides the feedback-generated repulsion profile between the magnet and the coil.
		This particular version was only marginally stable, and the bar magnet would remain levitated for several seconds before oscillations built up and ejected it from the device.
	www.eskimo.com /~billb/maglev/levgif.html (141 words)

	Magnetic levitation device and method (US5404062)
		The levitation device comprises a first magnet with a polygonal, preferably square, periphery and a substantially planar upper surface magnetized normal thereto and a second magnet with an apparatus to rotate or spin the same.
		The second magnet is rotated or spun on a lifter plate disposed on the upper surface of the first magnet with like polar orientations of the magnets in confronting relation.
		When the lifter plate is raised above the first magnet the spinning second magnet levitates above the first magnet and the lifter plate and the lifter plate is removed from between the first and second magnets.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US05404062__ (324 words)

	MAGLEV MAGNETIC LEVITATION SUSPENSION DEVICE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		First the basic circuit operation: each magnetic field sensor controls the polarity of one electromagnet coil, and also the polarity of the coil affects the magnetic field sensor.
		As a result, the device acts like a buzzer, the Hall switch turns on and off very rapidly, and the magnetic field wiggles north and south a little, but the average field is zero.
		When a magnet pole approaches, the Hall sensor starts keeping the coil switched to north longer than to south (or vice versa) in order to cancel out the field, keeping the field inside the sensor averaging at just about zero.
	www.amasci.com /maglev/magschem.html (1787 words)

	[No title]
		In diamagnetics, electrons adjust their trajectories to compensate the influence of the external magnetic field and this results in an induced magnetic field which is directed in the opposite direction.
		This levitation does not suffer any stability problems because the magnetic flux is pinned by defects in superconducting materials.
		Low temperatures (such that air turns liquid) and powerful magnets (such that cooking pans are drawn from a distance of several meters) are not what one is likely to have at home to be able to watch the supercon- ducting or diamagnetic levitation.
	www.resonancepub.com /magphen.htm (1355 words)

	Magnetic Levitation Train (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		This signal is picked up by an RF receiver antenna, and processed into an image, superior to the conventional "open magnet." When the RF signal is stopped the nuclei return to their original position, releasing the absorbed energy and generate a signal of their own.
		The turbines spin moving electromagnets which causes a magnetic field to be produced as a result of the rotation.
		The magnetic north pole moves a little bit each year, the last reversal of the poles was 700,000 years ago.
	www.mtnbrook.k12.al.us /CES/gr6/6BR/2ndweb.htm (2070 words)

	Magnetic Orbital Launch by Levitation and Integrated Electronics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		I think the obvious answer is to build a magnetic levitation device that could impart 60% to 80% of the energies necessary to achieve Earth orbit.
		I would propose a magnetic levitation launch track that would start somewhere around Magdalena, follow the plain east until it arrives at the base of the mountain where it would travel up the mountain and terminate at the top of the mountain.
		The magnetic link would be instantly aborted so the launch vehicle could then fly back on its own to a nearby runway.
	www.marslife.com /mollie.htm (2140 words)

	Magnetic Levitation ClearlyExplained.Com
		Essentially it is the use of magnetic fields (or magnetic forces) to levitate a (usually) metallic object.
		Magnetic levitation is useful in a variety of applications.
		Magnetic levitation is a phenomena that is likely to have considerable potential in the future.
	www.clearlyexplained.com /technology/maglev/maglev.html (385 words)

	Levitation device (US4382245)
		A dish-shaped magnet in one form has an upper surface of a first polarity and a lower surface of a second polarity disposed in co-axial relationship to a second magnet having the opposite polar relationships.
		The magnetic fields in one form of the invention position the second magnet in spaced relation to the dish-shaped magnet.
		The upper magnet may be rotated either manually or by associated apparatus to provide gyroscopic stability.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US04382245__ (218 words)

	INT NEWS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		Among the greatest challenges in nanotechnology is the ability to commercially produce devices that work at the nanoscale level, which is measured at one-billionth of a meter.
		The Oak Ridge-Nion team tested its device by imaging a silicon crystal in which the columns of atoms are known to be 0.78 Angstroms apart.
		In these devices a mechanical element moves in response to an external force, and a highly sensitive detector is used to record the displacement of the mechanical element.
	www.int9.com /news.htm (11909 words)

	Diamagnetic Levitation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		The July 22 Nature paper, Magnetic Levitation at your fingertips, describes two configurations where diamagnetic materials are used to stabilize the levitation of a magnet in the field of a fixed lifting magnet.
		In the first configuration, the magnet is levitated by a vertical superconducting solenoid electromagnet at a point where it is vertically stable but horizontally unstable.
		In the second configuration, the magnet is levitated at a point far below the electromagnet where it is stable horizontally, but vertically unstable.
	www.physics.ucla.edu /marty/diamag (520 words)

	magnetic levitation train
		MAGNETIC LEVITATION TRAINS Magnetically levitated (MAGLEV) trains are considered as a future application of HTS development.
		Magnetic levitation trains are becoming a popular transportation topic all around the globe.
		Shanghai, China may be the world's first city to build a commercial magnetic levitation train.
	www.rpgfilm.com /magnetic-levitation-train.html (391 words)

	Art of Levitation in Magic
		levitating displays are but two examples of electromagnetic levitation.
		The M5 System for Levitation and Pschokinetic Activity is another system used by a street magician to apparently cause items to take on an unreal ability to levitate and move by themselves.
		The system is based on a powerful field of raw force that can cause objectsto move such as a piece of bread moving across the dinner table or a pack of cards splitting and moving to reveal the spectator's chosen card.
	www.ellusionist.com /Levitation.htm (414 words)

	Railgun
		Although the device described herein does not constitute a threat to anyone and is not a weapon, the concepts presented could be used to cause harm to people or property.
		These magnets are 1.5"x1.5"x3/8" 45 Grade NIB magnets and are so powerful that when all six are stacked together I have to use the edge of a table to slide them appart one at a time.
		The bottom magnets are stuck to a piece of steel (the cover of my old VCR) mostly for structural support but also to help increase the magnetic flux through the rails.
	www.mcgerald.com /railgun.html (2722 words)

	IFO3000 - cool magnetic levitation device COOLTHINGS.COM.AU (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		Objects rotate serenely in the magnetic field in either direction.
		At the flick of a switch and a flick and a gentle push of the object, watch as the object slowly rotates forever— the light in the base lights up to tell you when our sensing technology detects the object slowing down and applies a powerful magnetic force to keep the object spinning.
		Push the object and watch as our powerful magnets and super sensitive electronics work to hold the object firmly in the grip of the magnetic field.
	ifo3000.coolthings.com.au (215 words)

	East Bridge display case
		The small magnet is held up against gravity by the support magnet, which is oriented to attract the small magnet.
		A somewhat more difficult demonstration involving diamagnetic levitation is the stable trapping of a live frog, which was recently accomplished at the High Field Magnet Laboratory in Amsterdam.
		The basic levitation force comes from a magnetic repulsion between the top, which is a disk magnet with its poles on the faces of the disk, and the magnetic base.
	www.its.caltech.edu /~atomic/display/displaycase.htm (1684 words)

	LEVITATION
		According to the graph, the magnet will be stable in a region where almost all of its weight is cancelled by the suspending magnetic field so that the repeller can deliver the remaining push for levitation.
		One way to do this is to use many magnets with their poles all aligned in the same direction.
		For instance, by bringing a pencil point near the levitating magnet, I have found that pencil "lead" is paramagnetic.
	genki.home.ionet.net /Levitation/levitate.html (1588 words)

	Chapter 1: Magnetism
		With four magnets, the four edges of the square of pyrolytic graphite will be pushed away from the four poles.
		If the square is slightly smaller than half the width of the four magnets (a little smaller than one magnet), then we can place it in the center, and it will be pushed to the middle and stay.
		Below is a picture of a magnet spinning between two pieces of pyrolytic graphite, separated by a small piece of wood.
	scitoys.com /scitoys/scitoys/magnets/pyrolytic_graphite.html (848 words)

	Wonders of Science: New Inventions For Space: 1889
		The devices are grouped by Research Area, and the required minimum knowledge level and experimental success numbers are listed in parentheses after the name of the device.
		Magnetic Projector (38, 5): This device uses a powerful electromagnetic coil to project a beam of magnetic force.
		It is a bulky mass of wires, coils and fuses, with a helmet for one subject to wear and a pair of parabolic beams to aim at the second person.
	www.heliograph.com /trmgs/trmgs4/science.shtml (4193 words)

	Magnetic Levitation - Science is Fun - Contents
		As a child, I discovered I could levitate a ping pong ball on a stream of air from the output pipe of a vacuum cleaner.
		This is similar to optical levitation of a glass bead in a laser beam (pressure from photon recoil instead of an air stream).
		There is a good Magnetic Levitation project and circuit in the September 2003 issue of Nuts and Volts magazine.
	www.geocities.com /Area51/Shire/3075/maglev.html (288 words)

	[No title]
		"We wanted to create a high-precision device that is capable of positioning an object placed on a moving platform in three degrees of freedom with high accuracy," he explains.
		"Magnetic levitation is an excellent technology because there is no contact, so there is no wear of components.
		The equipment included computers, several Quanser control experiments (Linear Position Servo using the Inverted Pendulum, Coupled Tanks and a 3-DOF Helicopter) and perhaps most importantly, Manfredi and his colleagues received engineering hours to build two custom experiments: the magnetic levitation device and 10 wheeled robots.
	www.quanser.com /english/html/about/customers/uoft.htm (1092 words)

	Barry's Magnetic Levitation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		The general principle is straight forward: An electromagnet pulls a ball upward while a light beam measures the exact position of the ball's top edge.
		The magnet's lifting force is adjusted according to position.
		This device uses two photodetectors: the "signal" detector looks for an interruption in the light beam, and the "reference" detector measures the background light.
	www.oz.net /~coilgun/levitation/home.htm (448 words)

	Magnetic levitation device plans: room-temperature Meissner-shield Maglev (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		The multi-coil device shown in the photo was part of a prototype "room-temperature superconductive table" which never made it to a museum.
		The device in the articles is not trivial to build, so I would recommend it mostly for ADVANCED HIGH-SCHOOL LEVEL AND ABOVE.
		Dowling magnetics sells SDK-100, a maglev train kit which uses only permanent magnets.
	www.eskimo.com /~billb/maglev/maglev.html (259 words)

	Bismuth Pellets
		A diamagnetic material is always repelled by a magnetic field no matter what the polarity of the field.
		This diamagnetic property can be dramatically demonstrated by using your bismuth to make a magnetic levitation device.
		The electrical resistance of bismuth varies with the strength of an applied magnetic field.
	www.theverylastpageoftheinternet.com /forsale/store/bismuth_pellets.htm (274 words)

	A NEW 6-DOF HAPTIC INTERFACE USING LORENTZ LEVITATION
		The new haptic interface approach is based on a recently developed magnetic levitation technology, and on recent advances in the art of physically-based simulation.
		The magnetic levitation technology uses Lorentz forces to stably levitate and control a rigid body (which includes the handle through which the user interacts) in six degrees of freedom, giving a new and heretofore unexplored physical basis for haptic interaction.
		In addition to the design activity, all of the many consituent parts, some requiring aluminum casting and spinning techniques, have been fabricated, either in house or by vendors, and the assembly is completed.
	cslu.cse.ogi.edu /nsf/isgw97/reports/hollis.html (900 words)

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