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Topic: Magnetic potential

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	Magnetic potential -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In (The science of matter and energy and their interactions) physics, the magnetic potential is a method of representing the (The lines of force surrounding a permanent magnet or a moving charged particle) magnetic field by using a (The inherent capacity for coming into being) potential value instead of the actual vector field.
		There are two methods of relating the (The lines of force surrounding a permanent magnet or a moving charged particle) magnetic field to a potential field and they give rise to two possible types of magnetic potential.
		This may be done by joining a scalar electric potential with a vector magnetic potential or by joining a scalar magnetic potential with a vector electric potential.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/ma/magnetic_potential.htm (773 words)

	Encyclopedia: Electromagnetism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A changing magnetic field produces an electric field (this is the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, which underlies the operation of electrical generators, induction motors, and transformers).
		In physics, the magnetic moment of an object is a vector relating the aligning torque in a magnetic field experienced by the object to the field vector itself.
		Faradays law of induction gives the relation between the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the area enclosed by a closed loop and the electric field induced along the loop: where E is the induced electric field, ds is an infinitesimal element of the closed loop and...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Electromagnetism (4951 words)

	Kawai Magnet Motor
		The term "interaction between the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet and the magnetic flux of the windings" is used herein to mean that an inclination of the line of magnetic force is created in the gap between the permanent magnet 54 and the electromagnet 51.
		Thus, the magnetic circuit formed by the permanent magnet 13 and magnetic body at one axial end of the rotational output shaft 11 and the magnetic circuit formed by the permanent magnet 13 and magnetic body at the opposite axial end of the output shaft are independent of one another.
		Magnetic circuits of the electromagnets 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d, and so on, are independent from one another, so that the electromagnets are magnetized in a sequential manner by means of excitation change-over means (not shown), so as to have a magnetic polarity opposite to the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 22.
	www.rexresearch.com /kawai/1kawai.htm (13448 words)

	AVecWave
		The quantum electrogravitational potential is derived by integrating the vector magnetic potential A with respect to velocity in eq.
		is a scalar and the vector magnetic potential A is a vector.
		The vector magnetic potential A cannot be shielded against as was demonstrated on a quantum scale by the famous Aharonhov-Bohm experiment involving electron diffraction patterns changing in a modified two-slit experiment in spite of the A field originating B field being absent.
	www.electrogravity.com /AVECWAVE (2228 words)

	[No title]
		For conditions relevant for applications in fusion blankets the magnetic shielding is not as perfect since the wall material reaches magnetic saturation at the very strong external fields required for the magnetic confinement of the f usion plasma.
		The non-linear equations for magnetic potential in the wall are solved numerically by applying a numerical heat transfer code.
		After the magnetic field is known we derive by asymptotic techniques, using magnetic coordinates, a solution f or the flow in the inviscid core.
	www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de /vvv/fzk/6702/6702.text (4995 words)

	Magnetic Vector Potential (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The vector potential is defined to be consistent with Ampere's Law and can be expressed in terms of either current i or current density j (the sources of magnetic field).
		One rationale for the vector potential is that it may be easier to calculate the vector potential than to calculate the magnetic field directly from a given source current geometry.
		Since the magnetic field B is defined as the curl of A, and the by vector identity the curl of a gradient is identically zero, then any arbitrary function which can be expressed as the gradient of a scalar function may be added to A without changing the value of B obtained from it.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/magnetic/magvec.html (235 words)

	Overunity Footnotes
		By properly arranging the highly nonlinear magnets used in the assembly of his stator gate, Johnson essentially accomplishes an MVP in the middle of his stator gate.
		Since a change of magnetic polarity may also be regarded as a phase conjugation of a pole, the connection can immediately be seen between the MVP-which can dramatically and suddenly change the magnetic polarity's sign-and a phase conjugated magnetic pole.
		Excellent experimental measurements of this effect have been rigorously demonstrated by Johnson's permanent magnet gate, in which a stator regauging section attracts a rotor permanent magnet into a multivalued potential region of the gate, whereupon the rotor experiences a repulsive, accelerating force which kicks the rotor on through the gate with a net acceleration boost.
	www.explorepub.com /articles/beardon/footnotes.html (1036 words)

	REGAUGING: Master Overunity Mechanism
		The MVP produces a "magnetic potential jump" and a reversal of the (otherwise) exiting back-drag on the rotor.
		A permanent magnet is mounted along the perimeter of an angular sector of the rotor.
		In the stator, the permanent magnet north poles are facing radially in toward the rotor, but at an angle, and the south poles are facing radially outside but at an angle.
	www.explorepub.com /articles/beardon/overunity.html (3255 words)

	A Formulation of the Problem
		The solution is often facilitated by defining potential functions in terms of the field vectors, because it is possible to transform the four first-order field equations to second-order equations in the potential functions that are formally integrable, if the boundary conditions are given.
		From the potential functions, it is possible to calculate E and B and the distributions of current densities and charge.
		From the symmetry of electric and magnetic field quantities, the second field equation (2.2) should be used for this purpose, since this is the electric analogue of the Maxwell's fourth equation (2.4).
	wheger.tripod.com /thesis/htm/th2.htm (2592 words)

	Magnetic Potential Energy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A magnetic dipole moment in a magnetic field will possess potential energy which depends upon its orientation with respect to the magnetic field.
		The expression for magnetic potential energy can be developed from the expression for the magnetic torque on a current loop.
		These relationships for a finite current loop extend to the magnetic dipoles of electron orbits and to the intrinsic magnetic moments associated with electron spin and nuclear spin.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/magnetic/magpot.html (138 words)

	[No title]
		As brought out in the preceding chapter, these magnetic quantities and their units are analogous to the electric quantities and units defined in Chapter 13, differing from them only by reason of the two-dimensional nature of magnetism, which results in the introduction of an additional t/s term into each quantity.
		The so-called scalar potential is therefore a speed, equivalent to an electric current, a conclusion that agrees with the units, amperes, in which this quantity is measured.
		The magnetic scalar potential has been omitted from the tabulation, for the reasons previously given, together with a number of other quantities identified in the contemporary magnetic literature in connection with individual magnetic phenomena that we are not examining in this volume, or in connection with special mathematical techniques utilized in dealing with magnetism.
	www.reciprocalsystem.com /bpm/bpm20.htm (4368 words)

	[No title]
		The determination of the magnetic field intensity, given the current density everywhere, was pursued first using the vector potential.
		The magnetic scalar potential is, in general, discontinuous across a surface carrying a surface current density.
		The boundary conditions obeyed by the vector potential at surfaces of discontinuity (containing surface currents) reflect the discontinuity in tangential H field and the continuity of the normal flux density.
	web.mit.edu /6.013_book/www/chapter8/8.7.html (896 words)

	Symbolic Analysis of Magnetic Field with
		r x J dv is the magnetic moment of the current distribution (m =iA in the case of a filamentary one-turn coil of area A), relation which shows the decrease of the field inversely proportional to the cube of the distance to the source.
		The vector potential given by (4) is solenoidal (has div A = 0), if the divergence of the current density is zero in the whole conducting domain (respectively, if the normal component of the current density, Jn, is zero on the surface of the conductor).
		In this case, the vector potential has only one component, normal to the problem's plane (A is represented by a scalar rather than a vector), and the magnetic field lines coincide with the equipotential lines.
	www.ewh.ieee.org /soc/es/May2001/03/bsl1.html (1266 words)

	Bd-monitoring (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Bd-synoptic - results of magnetic field reconstruction from a current daily full-disk magnetogram of the visible side, and from the reconstructed magnetic field of the last synoptic map on the far side of the Sun.
		Contains harmonic expansion coefficients of the magnetic potential obtained by using a "radial-2.5" correction of the boundary Bl field (*ls.fits).
		Contains harmonic expansion coefficients of the magnetic potential obtained by using a "radial-3.25" correction of the boundary Bl field (*ls.fits).
	bdm.iszf.irk.ru /About.htm (1274 words)

	Electric and Magnetic Fields
		Magnetic fields determine the properties of quasars and neutron stars, as well as erupting as magnetic storms during solar flares.
		The earth's mild magnetic field has been known since antiquity, and magnetic fields manifest in more subtle forms as permanent magnets, in electric motors and electric power generators, in permanent magnetic information storage devices, and down to the quantized magnetic fields that are trapped in superconducting material.
		Magnetic fields are most commonly experienced in the form of permanent magnets, which have a south (S) and a north (N) pole.
	srikant.org /core/node8.html (5742 words)

	EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS: ON DIAMAGNETIC LEVITATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		One needs merely to know that the behavior of a magnet can be described in terms of something called the "magnetic potential", which is analogous to more familiar forms of potential energy (stored energy).
		Similarly, a levitated magnet would be stable only if it could be situated at a local minimum of the magnetic potential.
		But Maxwell's equations dictate that the magnetic potential at a point in space must be the average of the potential at surrounding positions.
	scienceweek.com /2004/sc040917-1.htm (1186 words)

	Application Center: Application: Magnetic Field of a Hollow Cylinder
		Under the influence of the outside magnetic field, the ferromagnetic material is magnetized.
		The resulting magnetic field can be calculated as a superposition of the outside magnetic field and the fields of magnetic line dipoles.
		There are three equations that represent the superposition of a homogeneous magnetic scalar potential and the scalar potential of a line dipole: one for the outside, a second for the wall and a third for the inside of the tube.
	www.adeptscience.co.uk /maplearticles/f347.html (571 words)

	Magnetic (Potential Field) Survey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		is a leading player in the application of magnetic potential techniques to archaeology using total field magnetometry and gradiometry.
		Classic archaeological magnetic gradiometry is frequently limited to the detection of anomalous areas of vertical magnetic gradient and the direct translation of this data into an archaeological interpretation.
		Magnetic gradiometry is the most common solution in the UK for finding buried archaeological features.
	www.archaeophysica.co.uk /services/maggrad.html (373 words)

	ipedia.com: Vector potential Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Note that a solenoidal field cannot be described as having a scalar potential.
		This vector potential always points downwards (-z direction) but its magnitude is a radial Gaussian function, centered at the z axis, with inflection points around in a circle of radius 1.
		The total potential at a point is a sum of potential contributions of all charges.
	www.ipedia.com /vector_potential.html (1092 words)

	The magnetic vector potential (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In other words, the vector potential is undetermined to the gradient of a scalar field.
		Note that the vector potential is parallel to the direction of the current.
		This would seem to suggest that there is a more direct relationship between the vector potential and the current than there is between the magnetic field and the current.
	farside.ph.utexas.edu /teaching/em1/lectures/node35.html (641 words)

	Nmr7
		Therefore we have to observe situation of the hydrogen atoms and magnetic potential in this position due to the magnitude of the nearest molecular atoms.
		We observe that to bigger magnitude of an atom-bigger magnetic influence on the hydrogen and bigger turn frequency or spinning.
		Therefore and summarizing, to bigger magnitude of the atoms of the molecule--bigger magnetic potential transmitted to the atoms of hydrogen, taking place in them a bigger turn frequency or spin (nmr signal).
	www.geocities.com /ferman30/Nmr7.html (369 words)

	Magnetic shielding
		There are many situations, particularly in experimental physics, where it is desirable to shield a certain region from magnetic fields.
		It is vitally important that a material used as a magnetic shield does not develop a permanent magnetization in the presence of external fields, otherwise the material itself may become a source of magnetic fields.
		This potential is certainly a solution of Laplace's equation throughout space.
	farside.ph.utexas.edu /teaching/jk1/lectures/node52.html (356 words)

	EarthRef.org Reference Database (ERR) -- Arkani-Hamed & Dyment 1996
		In the second stage, the potential map is inverted into a magnetic susceptibility contrast map of the lithosphere based on the assumption that the magnetization is of induced origin.
		The magnetization of the continental crust that gives rise to satellite magnetic anomalies is largely of induced origin.
		It is also shown that the magnetization direction of the oceanic lithosphere does not differ significantly from the direction of the present core field, except in a few limited areas, supporting the assumption made about the induced magnetization of the lithosphere.
	earthref.org /cgi-bin/err.cgi?n=41123 (482 words)

	[No title]
		This, in turn, requires a good understanding of both the nature of the magnetic vector potential, and of magnetic dipole and multipole expansions.
		The underlying structure of the Earth is, as noted in depth by the Naval Oceanographic Office, "a composite of several magnetic fields generated by a variety of sources".
		A common model of the Earth's magnetic field is IGRF 95, released in 1996 by the American Geophysical Union.
	www.science.gmu.edu /~aantunes/geomag.html (2087 words)

	Magnetic Vector Potential (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Magnetic Vector Potential -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics...
		Magnetic Fields in the Early Universe - D. Grasso and H.R. Rubinstein...
		Welcome to IEEE Xplore 2.0: Further discussion on magnetic vector potential fini...
	www.scienceoxygen.com /phys/114.html (196 words)

	14.47. INFIN47 - 3-D Infinite Boundary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		To achieve this, the potential (or temperature) and its normal derivatives (fluxes) are interpolated on the triangle IJK (A Semi-infinite Boundary Element Zone and the Corresponding Boundary Element IJK) by linear shape functions:
		If there is no “iron” in the problem domain, the reduced scalar potential formulation can be used both in the FE and the BE regimes.
		The reduced scalar potential φ is used in FE region and the total scalar potential
	www.oulu.fi /atkk/tkpalv/unix/ansys-6.1/content/thy_el47.html (1175 words)

	Physics Help and Math Help - Physics Forums - magnetic work?
		Since the magnetization is "intrensic", the magnetic domains give the property needed to move the clip.
		A magnetic momentum of a system or a spin is the tool that exchanges the momentum provided by the magnetic field and the position and momentum of the system (its energy) (i.e.
		It may appear to you that it is the magnetic force doing work but it is actually another force (force of conductor on charge I think) that is doing work.
	www.physicsforums.com /printthread.php?t=68526 (1839 words)

	DRUSCH principle of nuclear magnetic resonance, potential energy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Potential Energy of a Particle with a Magnetic Moment in a Magnetic Field
		Within a magnetic field the magnetic moment undergoes a curl free force [1].
		Thus it is possible to introduce a potential.
	www.drusch.com /help/qmprpe.shtml.en (120 words)

	"M" Measurement Definitions
		magnetic induction flux = magnetic flux density (magnetic flux density)
		magnetic polarization = magnetic flux density (magnetic flux density)
		magnetization = magnetic field strength (magnetic field strength)
	www.convertit.com /Go/Ypage/Measurement/Units.ASP?Letter=M (839 words)

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