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Topic: Magnetosphere

Related Topics

Ring current

Magnetic sail

Magnetopause

Solar wind

Van Allen radiation belt

Aurora Borealis

Dynamo theory

Ionosphere

Bow shock

Magnetic field

Magnetic flux density

Telluric current

The Radiation Belt and Magnetosphere

Active galactic nuclei

Solar system

	Earth's Magnetic Field & Magnetosphere K-12 Experiments & Background Information
		The magnetosphere of Earth is a region in space whose shape is primarily determined by the distortion of Earth's internal magnetic field and by solar wind plasma and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF).
		In the magnetosphere, a mix of free ions and electrons is held mainly by magnetic and electric forces that are much stronger than gravity and collisions are rare.
		To understand the magnetosphere, one needs to visualize its magnetic field lines (or "lines of force"), lines that everywhere point in the direction of the magnetic force--e.g., diverging out near the southern magnetic pole, and converging again around the north magnetic pole, where they enter the Earth.
	www.juliantrubin.com /encyclopedia/earthsciences/earthsmagnetism.html (4438 words)

	Magnetosphere
		The Earth's magnetosphere is the cavity formed by the Earth's magnetic field in the flow of plasma from the Sun known as the solar wind.
		The sources of the plasmas that populate these regions are the solar wind and the Earth's ionosphere; the relative contributions of these two sources to the magnetospheric plasma vary according to the level of geomagnetic activity.
		The Earth's magnetosphere is a highly dynamic structure that responds quite dramatically to changes in the dynamic pressure of the solar wind and the orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF).
	pluto.space.swri.edu /IMAGE/glossary/magnetosphere.html (364 words)

	UCLA - IGPP Space Physics Tutorial/ Magnetospshere
		One cannot simply make a miniature magnetosphere in the laboratory and expect it to behave like the terrestrial magnetosphere because the various plasma lengths that are important in the solar wind interaction change differently as field strength plasma density, temperature, etc., are altered to fit the solar wind and magnetosphere into a laboratory device.
		As shown in Figure 11, this model predicts a neutral point or line on the front of the magnetosphere at which magnetic energy is released to the plasma and one in the magnetotail again at which plasma is energized.
		The magnetosphere of Uranus was the subject of much speculation before the arrival of the Voyager 2 spacecraft in January 1986 because the rotational axis of Uranus is nearly in the ecliptic plane.
	www-ssc.igpp.ucla.edu /ssc/tutorial/magnetosphere.html (9422 words)

	The Astrophysics Spectator: Jupiter's Magnetosphere
		From 10 to 30 Jupiter radii (0.7 to 2 million kilometers) ahead of the magnetopause in the direction of the Sun is a shock caused by the supersonic solar wind striking the subsonic cushion of wind ahead of the magnetopause.
		The oxygen and sulfur in the magnetosphere are from the moon Io, which has active volcanos powered by the tidal heating of Io in its orbit of Jupiter.
		Much of the heating of the magnetospheric plasma is from the compression of the magnetic field as Jupiter rotates.
	www.astrophysicsspectator.com /topics/planets/JupiterMagnetosphere.html (941 words)

	MAGNETOSPHERE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The magnetosphere is the region of theterrestrial environment where the geomagnetic field exerts the dominatinginfluence.
		The extent of the magnetosphere isrelated to changes in the solar wind density and velocity, and to variations inthe strength and orientation of the IMF.
		The ionized gases in the magnetosphere take partin gigantic magnetospheric circulation called convection where the plasma overthe polar regions is swept away from the sun while the plasma outside theauroral zone (i.e.
	utd500.utdallas.edu /www_root/documents/magnetosphere.htm (470 words)

	AGU Web Site: Space Physics and Astronomy Converge in Exploration of Jupiter's Magnetosphere
		The magnetosphere tends to corotate with the planet because it is coupled electrodynamically to the ionosphere.
		The most intriguing aspect of Jupiter's magnetosphere is its pulsar behavior, that is, the rotational modulation of various remotely observed magnetospheric emissions.
		Magnetospheric physics is one of the many fields of scientific study that are now enjoying the benefit of new data provided by astronomical observations of this rare celestial event.
	www.agu.org /sci_soc/hill.html (1570 words)

	Magnetosphere (via CobWeb/3.1 planet03.csc.ncsu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A magnetosphere is the region around an astronomical object, in which phenomena are dominated by its magnetic field.
		The distant field of Earth is greatly modified by the solar wind, a hot outflow from the sun, consisting of solar ions (mainly hydrogen) moving at about 400 km/s (proton energy 1 kiloelectronvolt) with typical density at Earth's orbit of 6 ions/cm³.
		Abreast of Earth the distance grows to about 15 Earth radii (distances change with solar wind pressure and density; The magnetosphere is made to flap and compress by the solar wind) while on the night side it extends into a long cylindrical magnetotail at least several hundred radii long, gradually turning into a wake.
	magnetosphere.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (580 words)

	IMAGEing the Magnetosphere's Response to Solar Wind
		The magnetosphere is the region of space controlled by the Earth's magnetic field and populated with plasma -- a gas consisting of roughly equal numbers of positively and negatively charged particles -- of both solar wind and ionospheric origin.
		Magnetospheric behavior is strongly influenced by the solar wind, the supersonic stream of charged particles flowing out from the Sun.
		Global images of magnetospheric ion populations from a suite of three neutral atom imagers will yield information about magnetospheric plasma sources as well as the behavior of the inner magnetosphere under both quiet and magnetic storm conditions.
	www.swri.org /3pubs/ttoday/summr96/image.htm (563 words)

	Magnetosphere Review
		The solar wind carries with it a magnetic field, and as the wind interacts with the magnetosphere, the solar wind magnetic field interconnects with the terrestrial magnetic field, allowing the direct entry of solar wind plasma into the magnetosphere and producing a tangential stress along the magnetopause, the outer boundary of the magnetosphere.
		Entry of hot solar wind plasma into the magnetosphere, along with the outward flow of cool plasma from the ionosphere, leads to a mixed plasma in the central portion of the magnetotail, which is called the plasma sheet.
		Convective plasma flow from the tail of the magnetosphere toward the Earth compresses and heats the particles in the plasma sheet, populating the near-earth magnetosphere with energetic particles.
	meted.ucar.edu /hao/aurora/txt/x_r_2_0.php (332 words)

	Jupiter-Magnetic Field, Radiation Belts, Radio Noise.
		Jupiter is surrounded by an enormous magnetic field called the magnetosphere, which has a million times the volume of Earth's magnetosphere.
		On the sunward side of the planet, the magnetosphere is blunted by the solar wind.
		The size of the outer magnetosphere varies depending on the intensity of the solar wind.
	www.nasm.si.edu /ceps/etp/jupiter/jupmag.html (330 words)

	The Magnetosphere (via CobWeb/3.1 planet03.csc.ncsu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The region of the magnetosphere directly adjacent to the plasma sheet is the northern and southern tail lobes.
		The auroral lights themselves are produced when energetic charged particles that have entered the magnetosphere through the polar cusps or in the auroral oval during magnetic substorms collide and excite neutral atoms and molecules in the upper atmosphere.
		Both emissions are believed to be magnetospheric in origin and related to the magnetic field strength in the source region and yet the pulsar light is in the visible frequency range while the auroral kilometric radiation is in the few hundreds of kilohertz in the radio frequency range.
	ssdoo.gsfc.nasa.gov.cob-web.org:8888 /education/lectures/magnetosphere.html (3240 words)

	Galileo Crosses Into Jupiter's Magnetosphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As the solar wind flows around Jupiter, the magnetosphere tapers off like a wind sock, with the whole invisible structure moving in response to buffeting by the solar wind.
		The magnetometer science team also found the first direct evidence that the jovian magnetosphere was either unaffected or had recovered in the aftermath of last year's impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy with Jupiter.
		Some scientists had theorized that the magnetosphere might have been modified signficantly by the violent impact, but that appears not to be the case according to data from Galileo.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /sl9/gll36.html (545 words)

	Magnetosphere - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mercury and Jupiter's moon Ganymede are magnetized, but too weakly to trap plasma.
		In August and September of 1958, Project Argus was performed to test a theory about the formation of radiation belts that may have tactical use in war.
		A magnetic tail is formed by solar winds blowing electrified gases, plasma, trapped in a planet's magnetosphere away from the sun.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Magnetosphere (3113 words)

	SVS Animation 3028 - A 3-Dimensional Model of the Magnetosphere (WMS)
		The earth's magnetosphere protects the earth from high-energy charged particles coming from the sun.
		Some charged particles are deflected by the magnetosphere, while others become trapped and produce the aurora.
		The features that it highlights are flat ribbons representing the paths of charged particles deflected by the magnetosphere, triangular ribbons representing magnetic field lines, and colored surfaces representing constant values of magnetic force.
	svs.gsfc.nasa.gov /vis/a000000/a003000/a003028 (255 words)

	Magnetosphere [Oulu] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Solar wind and the magnetic field it carries along (IMF) modify the form of the magnetosphere, by pushing it in in the dayside and creating a long magnetotail in the nightside.
		The energy that is transported from the the solar wind into the magnetosphere creates geomagnetic activity and drives different kind of geomagnetic pulsations.
		In the inner magnetosphere we have plasmasphere mapping to mid- and low-latitudes.
	www.oulu.fi /~spaceweb/textbook/magnetosphere.html (373 words)

	The Magnetosphere
		The magnetosphere is the region of space to which the Earth's magnetic field is confined by the solar wind plasma blowing outward from the Sun, extending to distances in excess of 60,000 kilometers from Earth.
		The dayside reconnection rate, and hence the magnetic flux throughput in the magnetosphere, is strong when the interplanetary field points south, opposite to the equatorial field of the Earth (see Figure 1b).
		Suppose the magnetosphere is initially in a state of low flow during an interval of northward interplanetary field, and that the interplanetary field then turns south.
	ion.le.ac.uk /education/magnetosphere.html (2977 words)

	S.O.N. \| Magnetosphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Magnetosphere allows you to collect data to answer the question, "Has there been a measurable disturbance in the Earth’s magnetic field?"
		Throughout the Magnetosphere section the terms storm, geomagnetic storm or magnetic storm will be used to indicate a disturbance in Earth’s magnetic field.
		While participating in the Magnetosphere you may think of other questions that you wish to investigate.
	son.nasa.gov /tass/magnetosphere/index.htm (218 words)

	Moons Sublime to Saturn's Magnetosphere :: Astrobiology Magazine ::
		A planet's magnetosphere is the magnetic field and charged particle environment that surrounds it.
		Magnetospheric Imaging Maryland's CHEMS is one of three sensors that make up the Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument, MIMI, aboard NASA's Cassini-Huygens spacecraft.
		MIMI is one of 12 science instruments on the main Cassini spacecraft and one of six instruments designed primarily to investigate the space environments around Saturn and its satellites.
	www.astrobio.net /news/article1054.html (656 words)

	ESA - Cassini-Huygens - Saturn's magnetosphere
		The magnetosphere is an area of space, around a planet, that is controlled by that planet's magnetic field.
		As with Jupiter's magnetosphere, the dayside inner magnetosphere is mostly driven by the fast planetary rotation.
		However at night, it is expected that the nightside and outer magnetosphere is primarily driven by the solar wind, as is the case on Earth.
	www.esa.int /SPECIALS/Cassini-Huygens/SEMBJCHHZTD_0.html (319 words)

	ESA Portal - Surfing and diving in the Earth's magnetosphere, Cluster celebrates one year of science excellence in orbit
		This image shows the main regions of the magnetosphere which are being studied by Cluster.
		This region is the magnetosphere and is bounded by the magnetopause.
		The Earth's magnetosphere on the sunward side extends to about 65 000 km, but stretches to many times this on the side away from the Sun.
	www.esa.int /esaCP/ESAN3D0VMOC_index_1.html (274 words)

	3D Simulation of Earth's Magnetosphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		With the sun offscreen to the left, the earth's magnetic field lines at 60, 75, and 85 degrees from the equator are depicted as a series of translucent blue shells.
		The magnetosphere's surrounding bow shock is depicted at the end of the sequence as a translucent white curve.
		The earth's north pole is tilted away from the sun (winter in the northern hemisphere, summer in the southern hemisphere).
	www.digitalradiance.com /sng/magnetosphere.htm (95 words)

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