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Topic: Magnocellular neurosecretory cell

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	Magnocellular neurosecretory cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Magnocellular neurosecretory cells are cells within the supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus.
		The magnocellular neurosecretory cells have long axons which comprise the posterior pituitary.
		There are two types of magnocellular neurosecretory cells, oxytocin-producing cells and vasopressin-producing cells, but a small number can produce both hormones.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Magnocellular_neurosecretory_cell (101 words)

	Neurochemistry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is synthesized inside magnocellular neurosecretory cells as a precursor protein that is processed by proteolysis to its shorter active peptide form.
		Specific parts of the brain such as the supraoptic nucleus produce oxytocin which acts on cells in locations such as the ventral pallidum to produce the behavioral effects of oxytocin.
		A large amount of oxytocin is made in the hypothalamus, transported to the posterior lobe of the pituitary and released into the blood stream by which it reaches target tssues such as the mammary glands (milk letdown).
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Neurochemistry (217 words)

	British Journal of Pharmacology - Effects of the endogenous opioid peptide, endomorphin 1, on supraoptic nucleus ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Magnocellular neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus project to the posterior pituitary where they secrete oxytocin or vasopressin directly into the systemic circulation (Hatton, 1990).
		SON cells were identified electrophysiologically as either vasopressin or oxytocin cells on the basis of their responses to long-duration (1.2 s), small amplitude (100−300 pA) hyperpolarizing current pulses applied with the membrane potential held 10 mV depolarized above resting membrane potential (Stern and Armstrong, 1995).
		Oxytocin cells were characterized by a membrane potential sag during the hyperpolarizing pulse, and a burst of action potentials on termination of the pulse; vasopressin cells were identified by the lack of these features.
	www.nature.com /bjp/journal/v132/n5/full/0703911a.html (6660 words)

	The magnocellular neurosecretory system of the hamster hypothalamus: an ultrastructural and morphometric study during ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A quantitative study regarding the age-related changes occurring in the nucleus and the somatic organelles of neurosecretory magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamo neurohypophyseal system (HNS) was carried out in the hamster at six age-points during animal life.
		The magnocellular cells of both parts of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of male Syrian hamsters between 3 and 30 months of age were examined ultrastructurally.
		With respect to the cell nucleus, the parameters are not modified during aging.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_9226633.html (233 words)

	Sertoli cell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Sertoli cell is the nurse cell (biology) of the testicle.
		Its main function is concerned with nurturing the developing sperm cells during the process of spermatogenesis.
		The junctions of Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier, a structure that partitions the interstitial blood compartment of the testis from the adluminal compartment of the seminiferous tubules.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Hormone-secreting-cells/Sertoli-cell.html (139 words)

	Interactive Fly, Drosophila
		The magnocellular neurons are located in two nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus, the paraventricular (PVN) and the supraoptic (SON) nuclei.
		Cells that form the PVN remain near the ventricular zone, whereas those that form the SON migrate laterally to reach the surface of the hypothalamus.
		Given the many similarities between ventral midline cells of the CNS in Drosophila and mouse, it is rather intriguing that a role for Sim2 in ventral midline determination has re-emerged in vertebrates through its ability to regulate Shh expression in the ventral diencephalon.
	www.sdbonline.org /fly/gene/siglmd2.htm (5147 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Magnocellular neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei secrete the hormones, oxytocin and vasopressin, into the systemic circulation from the posterior pituitary gland.
		The inhibition of basal secretion can occur at the level of the neurosecretory terminals where endogenous opioids inhibit the release of oxytocin, and at the cell bodies of magnocellular cells to modulate the activity pattern of vasopressin cells.
		The responses of the magnocellular neurosecretory system to physiological stimuli are also regulated by these mechanisms but in addition probably also by pre-synaptic inhibition of afferent inputs to magnocellular cells as well as direct effects on the cell bodies of afferent input cells to modulate their activity.
	www.elsevier.com /cdweb/journals/01680102/articles/36/2/S016801029900121.abstract.en (190 words)

	Single Cell Gene Expression (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) in the hypothalamo-neurohypophsial system that express and secrete the nonapeptides oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) were evaluated for the expression of multiple gene in single magnocellular neurons from the rat supraoptic nucleus using a single cell RT-PCR protocol.
		The expression of all of the beta-subunit genes in each MNC may account for the variations in physiological and pharmacological properties of the high voltage-activated channels found in these neurons.
		D, All cells in the SON are positive (red) using a VP riboprobe.
	intramural.nimh.nih.gov /lcmr/snge/Abstracts/glasgow.html (519 words)

	Endotext.com - The Pineal Gland and Pineal Tumours, Normal and Abnormal Physiology of the Hypothalamus and Posterior ...
		The neurohypophysis consists of three parts: the supraoptic and paraventricular nucleii of the hypothalamus (containing the cell bodies of the magnocellular, neurosecretory neurones that synthesize and secrete VP and OT); the supraoptico-hypophyseal tract (which includes the axons of these neurones); and the posterior pituitary (where the axons terminate on capillaries of the inferior hypophyseal artery).
		It consists of the cell bodies of discrete vasopressinergic and oxytotic magnocellular neurons projecting to the posterior pituitary along the supraoptico-hypophyseal tract.
		Synthesis of the VP and OT precursors occurs in the cell bodies of specific magnocellular neurosecretory neurons within the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei of the hypothalamus.
	www.endotext.org /neuroendo/neuroendo2/neuroendo2.htm (3288 words)

	Density of transient K+ current influences excitability in acutely isolated vasopressin and oxytocin neurones of rat ...
		Hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) are responsible for the release of either vasopressin (VP) or oxytocin (OT) into the bloodstream (Poulain and Wakerley, 1982).
		In both MNC types, action potentials are initiated at the soma as a result of interactions between afferent synaptic signals and intrinsic membrane properties (Bourque and Renaud, 1990).
		A subset of traces recorded from a MNC in response to this protocol is shown in Fig.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/511/2/423 (6336 words)

	kappa -Opioid Regulation of Neuronal Activity in the Rat Supraoptic Nucleus In Vivo -- Brown et al. 18 (22): 9480 -- ...
		The cell was inhibited by CCK (20 µg/kg, i.v.), identifying it as a vasopressin cell, and excited by intravenous infusion of 2
		NaCl (0.026 ml/min), clearly showing that this cell was not induced to fire in the robust phasic pattern typical of vasopressin cells during stimulation with hypertonic saline.
		Pow DV, Morris JF (1989) Dendrites of hypothalamic magnocellular neurons release neurohypophysial peptides by exocytosis.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/18/22/9480 (5458 words)

	Burst Initiation and Termination in Phasic Vasopressin Cells of the Rat Supraoptic Nucleus: A Combined Mathematical, ...
		trafficked to the cell membrane by a depolarizing stimulus,
		MNCs show a transient response during an aggressively applied stimulus and briefly discharge a fast-continuous pattern before the onset of phasic activity.
		We further propose that this slow onset is caused by the slow filling of a releasable pool of dense-core granules from a docked pool of granules.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/24/20/4818 (6657 words)

	ipedia.com: List of distinct cell types in the adult human body Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Surface epithelial cell of stratified squamous epithelium of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina
		basal cell (stem cell) of epithelia of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina
		Basal cell of olfactory epithelium (stem cell for olfactory neurons)
	www.ipedia.com /list_of_distinct_cell_types_in_the_adult_human_body.html (540 words)

	Gene Regulation in the Magnocellular Hypothalamo-Neurohypophysial System -- Burbach et al. 81 (3): 1197 -- ...
		The varicose appearance of magnocellular axons is due to the presence of large swellings, which, in the neural lobe of the
		The structure of the neurosecretory cell is depicted schematically with notations of the various cell biological processes that occur in each topographic domain.
		OT receptors in macula densa and proximal tubule cells (99,
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/81/3/1197 (10509 words)

	A Slow Transient Potassium Current Expressed in a Subset of Neurosecretory Neurons of the Hypothalamic Paraventricular ...
		The temporal firing patterns of neurosecretory cells have a profound impact on hormone release (Bicknell and Leng 1981
		The amplitudes of the current pulses were adjusted according to the input resistance of the recorded cell, and typical values used are shown.
		The amplitudes of current pulses were adjusted according to the input resistance of the cell, and typical values used are shown.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/84/4/1814 (7672 words)

	NACSIS-LIFE [NACSIS-LIFE] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Med., Niigata 951, Japan TITL:Estrogen-induced excitation of oxytocinergic cells in the paraventricular nucleus of female and male rat hypothalamus.
		Estrogen-stimulated secretion of vasopressin in conscious rats may, therefore, depend critically on trans-synaptic inputs or highter nervous activities, which are susceptible to the anesthetic.
		Taking into account that only a fraction of magnocellular neurosecretory cells concentrate estrogen, the retention of estrogen in the cell nuclei may not always accompany changes in the excitability of these cells.
	www.philscience.com /isi/rm/capture/nacsislf.txt (415 words)

	PPT Slide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Neurohormones are generally synthesized as prohormones and packaged into neurosecretory granules in the cell body of the neurosecretory cell.
		The hypothalamic neurosecretory cells can be divided into two major groups:
		PVN and SON magnocellular neurons release oxytocin and VP directly into the general circulation at the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary)
	www.psych.ufl.edu /~dpdevine/hormones/CHAPTER2/tsld028.htm (123 words)

	Paraventricular nucleus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The paraventricular nucleus is a nucleus of mostly magnocellular neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus, their axons extend into posterior pituitary.
		The cell bodies produce oxytocin which is transported down the axons and released in the posterior pituitary.
		This page was last modified 02:12, 8 November 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paraventricular_nucleus (63 words)

	Afferent renal inputs to paraventricular nucleus vasopressin and oxytocin neurosecretory neurons -- Ciriello 275 (6): ...
		Afferent renal inputs to paraventricular nucleus vasopressin and oxytocin neurosecretory neurons
		Magnocellular PVH neurons projecting to the neurohypophysis were classified as either putative AVP or putative Oxy neurons
		Distribution and morphology of vasopressin, neurophysin II and oxytocin immunoreactive cell bodies in the forebrain of the cat.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/275/6/R1745 (6221 words)

	Francisco L. Alvarez, Ph.D.
		Cell-type differences in the expression of GABAB receptors in magnocellular neurosecretory cell of male, virgin female and lactating rats.
		Lim R, Alvarez FJ, Walmsley B (1999) Quantal size is determined by receptor cluster area at glycinergic synapses in the rat brainstem.
		Geiman EJ, Knox MC, Alvarez FJ (2000) Postnatal maturation of gephyrin/glycine receptor clusters on spinal cord Renshaw cells.
	www.med.wright.edu /anatphys/alvarez.html (782 words)

	Identification of Cell-Specific Messenger Ribonucleic Acids in Oxytocinergic and Vasopressinergic Magnocellular Neurons ...
		the phenotypes of the OT and/or VP cells by gene-specific PCR
		The cells were identified as OT or VP neurons from the amplified cDNAs by using gene-specific primers for OT and VP in the PCR (bottom).
		Kiyama H, Emson P 1990 Evidence for the coexpression of oxytocin and vasopressin messenger ribonucleic acids in magnocellular neurosecretory cells: simultaneous demonstration of two neurophysin messenger ribonucleic acids by hybridization histochemistry.
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/143/11/4464 (8007 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		However, replacement of corticosterone to dehydrated adrenalectomized animals was not sufficient to reduce parvicellular CRH mRNA levels to those seen in intact dehydrated animals.
		We conclude that an intact adrenal gland is required for the decreased levels of CRH mRNA seen during water deprivation in parvicellular paraventricular neurosecretory neurons, but not magnocellular neurosecretory neurons.
		The results underscore the importance of cell specific mechanisms operating to regulate the expression of neuropeptide genes in different cell types in response to diverse physiological conditions.
	ausis.gf.vu.lt /pub/neurobio/PM/Samples/USC-Medinfo.TXT (300 words)

	Autosomal Dominant Neurohypophyseal Diabetes Insipidus due to Substitution of Histidine for Tyrosine2 in the ...
		that the disease is due to degeneration of the cells that normally
		cells (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20).
		Olias G, Richter D, Schmale H 1996 Heterologous expression of human vasopressin-neurophysin precursors in a pituitary cell line: defective transport of a mutant protein from patients with familial diabetes insipidus.
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/87/7/3351 (3281 words)

	Abebooks Search Results - Vasopressin
		Uptake by mammalian cells of substrates and their metabolic conversions are discussed by van der Vusse and Reneman.
		However, both Welch and Savageau expound the view that the cell is not simply a bagful of enzymes.
		Regulation of cell volume is shown by Hempling to involve regulation of cell water.
	www.abebooks.co.uk /search/sortby/3/kn/Vasopressin (5377 words)

	Progressive impairment of developing neuroendocrine cell lineages in the hypothalamus of mice lacking the Orthopedia ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Progressive impairment of developing neuroendocrine cell lineages in the hypothalamus of mice lacking the Orthopedia gene -- Acampora et al.
		Progressive impairment of developing neuroendocrine cell lineages in the hypothalamus of mice lacking the Orthopedia gene
		cell proliferation, abnormal cell migration, and failure in terminal
	www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/abstract/13/21/2787 (407 words)

	Abebooks Search Results - Theodosis
		To ensure novelty and to make sure that all topics of current importance were covered, plenary and symposium speakers as well as poster presentations concentrated on recent advances made in the last few years.List of contributors.
		The active role of dendrites in the regulation of magnocellular neurosecretory cell behavior (M. Ludwig et al.).
		Involvement of oxytocin and vasopressin in the pathophysiology of preterm labor and primary dysmenorrhea (M. kerlund).
	www.abebooks.co.uk /search/sortby/3/kn/Theodosis (1185 words)

	Colin Brown - Profile Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This work principally involves in vivo extracellular recording of vasopressin and oxytocin cells, combined with computational analysis of spike patterning, and in vitro intracellular recording of the membrane properties of these cells.
		My current grant funding is to investigate the involvement of intrinsic membrane properties in the generation of morphine withdrawal excitation of oxytocin cells.
		Our main aim is to test the hypothesis that during morphine withdrawal excitation of oxytocin cells, AHP generation is suppressed and/or DAP generation is amplified to increase the intrinsic excitability of the cells and drive withdrawal excitation.
	www.cnr.ed.ac.uk /ColinBrown.htm (465 words)

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