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Topic: Mahavir Chakra

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	April 11, 2000 Awards, Indian Airforce
		Of the five Mahavir Chakra awardees, three were conferred the award posthumously while of the, 29 Vir Chakra awardees, 16 were conferred the award posthumously.
		Major Rajesh Singh Adhikari of the 18 Grenadiers was awarded the Mahavir Chakra (posthumously) while fighting the enemy at a height of 15,000 feet, resulting in the re-capture of the second position of Tololing, which later facilitated the capture of Point 4590.
		Capt Anuj Nayyar of the 17 Jat was conferred the Mahavir Chakra posthumously for displaying indomitable resolve, grit and determination and motivating his command by personal example and acting beyond the call of duty.
	www.geocities.com /siafdu/award9u.html (491 words)

	Chakra: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		A chakra is an energy centre in the human body as taught in Indian yoga and some related cultures.
		A chakra vitalises a physical body and is associated with interactions of a physical, mental nature.
		The seven main chakras are described as being present in an ascending column from the base of the spine to the top of the head.
	www.encyclopedian.com /ch/Chakra.html (317 words)

	Honour & Awards - About
		On the obverse, it shall have embossed a replica of Ashoka's Chakra in the centre surrounded by a lotus wreath.
		On the obverse of the medal shall be embossed a replica of Ashoka Chakra in the centre, surrounded by a lotus wreath.
		Conditions of Eligibility: The Chakra is awarded for acts of gallantry in the presence of the enemy, whether on land or at sea or in the air.
	indianairforce.nic.in /show_page.php?pg_id=126 (3564 words)

	Read about Sikh Military Personalities at www.sikh-history.com
		He was posthumously honoured with the MAhavir Chakra for his awe inspiring courage and gallantry.
		Lt. Col was honoured with the Mahavir Chakra in recognition of his outstanding leadership.
		Jemadar Nand Singh was posthumously honoured with the Mahvir Chakra.
	www.sikh-history.com /sikhhist/personalities/military/mahavir_citations.html (5359 words)

	Punjabi University [From the VC's Desk]
		Soon thereafter in 1975 he was decorated with Kirti Chakra for act of conspicuous gallantry in a serious law and order situation created by Lal Kurti Dal in Ferozepur District in November 1973.
		Boparai resulted in a bloodless arrest of the culprits, 158 in number, armed with a deadly arsenal comprising handgrenades, firearms, swords, axes, etc.
		Kirti Chakra is equivalent of Mahavir Chakra for the armed forces and is awarded for meritorious acts of gallantry in civilian life.
	www.universitypunjabi.org /pages/meetthevc.html (432 words)

	The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Nation
		Of the five Mahavir Chakra awardees, three were conferred the award posthumously while of the, 29 Vir Chakra awardees, 16 were conferred the award posthumously.
		Major Sonam Wangchuk of the Ladakh scouts (Indus wing) and Lt Balwan Singh of the 18 Grenadiers were conferred the Mahavir Chakra for displaying inspirational leadership, conspicuous courage and bravery during the Kargil war in the Batalik sector and the Tiger Hills area respectively.
		Major Rajesh Singh Adhikari of the 18 Grenadiers was awarded the Mahavir Chakra (posthumously) while fighting the enemy at a height of 15,000 feet, resulting in the re-capture of the second position of Tololing, which later facilitated the capture of Point 4590.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2000/20000412/nation.htm (3539 words)

	The Hindu : Gallantry awards conferred on 55 defence personnel
		Four others were given the Mahavir Chakra, the Uttam Yuddh Seva medal to seven and the Vir Chakra to 28 personnel.
		Three were awarded Kirti Chakra while another 13 were given the Shaurya Chakra for their role in containing insurgency in Kashmir and north-eastern States.
		All the four Mahavir Chakra awardees are from the Rajputana Rifles, who were honoured for gallantry and inspiring leadership while fighting in the Drass sector of Kargil.
	www.hinduonnet.com /thehindu/2000/04/07/stories/0207000r.htm (212 words)

	J P Dutta's LOC reminds of Kargil heroes (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Major Padmapani Acharya, Mahavir Chakra (Nagarjuna): On June 28 1999, in the battalion attack on the Tololing by the Rajputana Rifles, Major Acharya, 31, was handed out the task of capturing a heavily backed enemy position.
		Major Vikas Vohra, Vir Chakra (Armaan Kohli): Major Vohra of 13 JAK Rifles was one of the architects of the crucial capture of the Point 5140 in the Drass sector.
		Major Deepak Rampal, Vir Chakra (Sanjay Kapoor): This brave man from Jodhpur from the 17 Jat Battalion led the battle against the intruders in the Kargil war and emerged victorious by capturing the Teen Pimple Hill in Kargil.
	www.indiafm.com /feature/03/nov/1111loc/index.shtml (1666 words)

	The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News
		NEW DELHI, Aug 14 (UNI) — One Mahavir Chakra, two Kirti Chakras, three Vir Chakras and 22 Shaurya Chakras are among the 139 gallantry awards announced for armed forces personnel on the occasion of the Independence Day.
		Mahavir Chakra has been awarded to Capt Gurjinder Singh Suri of 12 Bihar who laid down his life on November 9, 1999, after displaying extraordinary leadership, raw courage and grit when militants attacked a forward defended locality in the Gulmarg sector of Kashmir.
		Vir Chakra awardees are: Major Gopal Singh Chundawat (19 Grenadiers), Sub Ujeen Singh Shekhawat, posthumous, (19 Grenadiers) and jawan Manoj Kumar Singh, posthumous, (12 Bihar).
	www.tribuneindia.com /2000/20000815/main6.htm (601 words)

	Maha Vir Chakra
		Wing Commander Moolgavkar was awarded the Mahavir Chakra for exceptional gallantry and leadership.
		Wg Cdr S.B. Norohna was awarded Mahavir Chakra for his inspiring leadership, determination and devotion to duty.
		He displayed conspicuous gallantry and a high degree of professional skill in these operations and was awarded the Mahavir Chakra in January 1963.
	www.bharat-rakshak.com /IAF/Awards/awamvc1.htm (930 words)

	PIB Press Release
		Kaman Singh was awarded the Mahavir Chakra during the Indo-Pak War in 1948, Lt. Col.
		Bhattacharya and Rifleman Jaswant Singh (posthumously) were awarded the Mahavir Chakra after the Indo-China war of 1962.
		Captain Chandranarayan Singh was posthumously awarded the Mahavir Chakra after the India-Pakistan war of 1965.
	pib.nic.in /release/release.asp?relid=1657 (927 words)

	Mahavir Chakra Brigadier Manjit Singh : Gateway to Sikhism (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In October 1987,Brigadier Manjit Singh assumed commond of the 41 Infantry Brigade,deployed in Shri Lanka as part of India's peacekeping forces.One of brigades first task was to clear Jaffna,a terrorist stronghold, and and to establish a link with the Maratha Light Infantary in Jaffna port.
		All the approach roads were heavily mined,and the Brigadier on arriving at palali airfield,found several Indian troops facing stiff resistance at Anna Collai and Manipal.The brigadier took charge.Deploying just two companies of the Rajstana Rifles,he was able to break militant cordon and secure a link with forces at jaffna fort.
		His able leadership inspired men to overcome onslaugt of militants.Brigadier Singh was honoured with Mahavir Chakra.
	allaboutsikhs.com /warriors/brigmanjitsingh.htm (120 words)

	Music - Chakra Clearing (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The information is Chakra Clearing well organized and clearly presented with a corresponding CD to help readers integrate the meditations Chakra Clearing into daily life.
		The chakras themselves are a beautiful progression of shifting colors, starting with the red root chakra at the base of the spine and moving up the body, shade-by-shade, and ending with the royal purple"crown" chakra at Chakra Clearing the top of the head.
		Chakra Clearing, by Doreen Virtue, Ph,D. is a unique experiential guide to activating your natural spiritual powers of psychic and spiritual healing through the opening, cleansing, and balancing of the body's energy centers ("chakras").
	www.cd-book.info /1038314_1401901387_Chakra+Clearing.htm (806 words)

	Garhwal Rifles
		While Lt Col Kaman Singh was awarded Mahavir Chakra during the Indo-Pak war in 1948.
		Lt Col BM Bhattacharya and Rfn Jaswant Singh (posthumously) were awarded Mahavir Chakra after the Indo-China war of 1962.
		Capt Chandranarayan Singh was posthumously awarded Mahavir Chakra in the 1965 war.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/india/rgt-garhwal.htm (2176 words)

	Central Chronicle--Opinion (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lt.-Col. Kawar Singh was awarded the Mahavir Chakra during the war against Pakistan soon after India attained the freedom.
		Lt.-Col. B.M. Bhattacharya and Rifleman Jaswant Singh were awarded posthumously the Mahavir Chakra for their gallantry in the India-China war in 1962.
		Captain Chandranarayan Singh was also posthumously awarded the Mahavir Chakra for his fighting prowess in the war against Pakistan in 1965.
	www.centralchronicle.com /20051007/0710304.htm (1039 words)

	Jainism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jains regard all Tirthankars as reformers who called for a return to beliefs and practices in accord with the eternal universal philosophy upon which the faith is based.
		Digambars believe that Mahavir was not married while Shvetambars believe the princely Mahavir was married and had a daughter.
		The Buddhists have always maintained that during the time of Buddha and Mahavir, Jainism was already an ancient and deeply entrenched faith and culture in the region.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jainism (5457 words)

	Kaumudi Online India News Page (Site not responding. Last check: )
		For Mahavir Chakra awardees, the amount had been increased from Rs 3,600 to Rs 1,00,000, for Kirti chakra winners from Rs 3,300 to Rs 1,00,000.
		Mahavir Chakra and Kirti Chakra awardees will get Rs 15 lakh and Vir Chakra and Shaurya Chakra awardees Rs 10 lakh.
		He said a large number of Himachalis were serving in the Army and the state had the honour of contributing largest numbers to the armed forces in proportion to its population.
	www.kaumudi.com /news/050406/INDIA.STM (4206 words)

	Sarnath city of Uttar Pradesh - India
		Colonel Cunningham bore a shaft from the top centre of the stupa and discovered a stone tablet on which an inscription is written with the word Dhamekha, and mentions that this is the spot where the Buddha delivered his first sermon.
		Dhamekha seems to be a distorted form of Dharma Chakra which means turning the wheel of the Dharma.
		Inside the temple are good frescoes, which depict the life of Mahavir, the founder of the present day Jain religion.
	www.bharatheritage.in /uttar-pradesh/sarnath.htm (871 words)

	Rediff On The NeT: Army orders inquiry into PVC blunder
		The Indian Army has begun a high-level inquiry into the "unpardonable mistake" of declaring one of the Param Vir Chakra winners, Grenadier Yogendra Singh Yadav, dead, though he was convalescing in an army hospital in New Delhi.
		This group of 22, who were the first to reach the hill top and clear it of Pakistani intruders, have besides the PVC won a Mahavir Chakra too.
		While the Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, Vir Chakra, Sena Medal and Mention in Despatches are awarded to soldiers who go out to the field and fight the battle, for leadership qualities senior officers are selected for Sarvottam Yudh Seva Medal, Uttam Yudh Seva Medal and Yudh Seva Medal.
	www.rediff.com /news/1999/aug/17pvc.htm (721 words)

	Excelsior... Nation
		War decorated soldiers of the country, winners of Param Vir Chakra, Mahavir Chakra and Vir Chakra have urged the Government to equate the allowances of gallantry award winners with those of freedom fighters.
		Other functionaries of the organisation, which came into being in 1991, included Brig (retd) Sukhdev Singh, a Vir Chakra and a military cross winner and Capt.(retd) M P Singh, a diabled hero who won Vir Chakra in the 1965 war.
		Brig Sant Singh lamented that while a Vir Chakra winner gets only Rs 850 per month a sportsperson who excels in his or her field was conferred a pension of Rs 2000 per month for life.
	www.dailyexcelsior.com /01mar06/national.htm (3278 words)

	Achievements of Sikh Light Infantry
		In this action the Battalion displayed remarkable courage, determination and self sacrifice for which one Maha Vir Chakra (Lt Col. PK Nandagopal), two Vir Chakras, four Sena Medals (two Post-humous); five Mention-in Despatches (three Posthumous) and one COAS’s Commendation Card were awarded.
		While the Commanding Officer, was inspiring his troops, Capt Bahadur Singh, went up to the Artillery officer’s post and continued to direct artillery fire until hit by an enemy bullet in the head, and died on the spot.
		The Battalion for this particular action was awarded four Vir Chakras and 5 Sena Medals.
	www.sikhreview.org /january2001/valour.htm (2018 words)

	Maha Vir Chakra
		Wing Commander Goodman was awarded the Maha Vir Chakra for conspicuous gallantry, leadership and professional skill.
		Wing Commander Prem Pal was awarded the Mahavir Chakra for displaying a high sense of duty and gallantry.
		Group Captain Chandan Singh was a distinguished Transport Pilot who as a Squadron Leader during the 1962 Conflict was awarded the Vir Chakra for showing courage and valour in flying reinforcements and supplies to Indian Forces in the Chushul Sector.
	www.bharat-rakshak.com /IAF/Awards/awamvc2.htm (1417 words)

	Daily Excelsior.........State
		The sixth Battalion of Jammu and Kashmir Rifles, which has the distinction of winning Independent India’s first Mahavir Chakra (Brigadier Rajinder Singh, MVC) during the battle of Skardu, celebrated its 37th Raising Day with fervour and enthusiasm somewhere in the Northern sector today....
		For this act of his bravery, courage and selfless devotion to duty he was posthumously awarded the coveted Ashok Chakra, the highest gallantry award awarded during peace time.
		Being decorated with Ashok Chakra and Sena Medal in such a short span of time indeed is a unique distinction.
	www.dailyexcelsior.com /99jan02/state.htm (2979 words)

	Ashok chakra (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The pension of Ashok Chakra has been increased from Rs 325 to Rs 10000, Mahavir Chakra from Rs 275 to Rs 7500, Kirti Chakra from Rs 250 to Rs 7500,.
		Ashok Chakra, The medal is awarded for the most conspicuous bravery or some daring or prominent act of valour or self sacrifice on land, at sea or in the.
		Using the Ashok Chakra on the left, to signify all that is secular and liberal of the Indian republic, the entity, which comes under the Ministry of Defence.
	www.allaboutbra.com /ashok+chakra.html (387 words)

	TheLivingTreasure Forum: Prominent Gurusikhs (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Col.Sandhu was decorated with the Mahavir Chakra for his skilful leadership.
		Col was honoured with the Mahavir Chakra in recognition of his outstanding leadership.
		Col, Pathania was honoured with the Mahavir Chakra for his leadership skills.
	thelivingtreasure.org /forum/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=435&get=last (10273 words)

	Ladakh Scouts
		The famed fighters, nicknamed 'Snow Tigers', is one of the Army's most decorated units, with more than 300 gallantry awards to it's credit including one Ashok Chakra, ten Mahavir Chakras and two Kirti Chakras.
		During operation Vijay the Scouts performed their classical role in cliff assault which was instrumental in achieving success in the operation.
		The Chief of Army Staff made a special instant award of "Unit Citation" to Ladakh Scouts for their meritorious and gallant performance during the battles of Point 5000 on night 05/06 July Dog Hill on night 30 June/01 July, and Padma Go on night 09/10 July 1999, in Batalik Sector.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/india/rgt-ladakh.htm (1051 words)

	Review On LOC by amjad_maruf -- lovebookers.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Abhishek Bachchan plays the role of Captain Vikram Batra, Param Vir Chakra, who undertook a difficult task of encountering the enemy at altitude of 17,000 feet.
		Nagarjuna plays the role of Major Padmapani Acharya, Mahavir Chakra, was assigned the task of capturing a heavily backed enemy position.
		Karan Nath plays the role of Major Rajesh Singh Adhikari, Mahavir Chakra, who caused heavy casualties to the intruders before giving up his life.
	www.lovebookers.com /48840-1.html (1260 words)

	War Heroes
		However, till the end came, he was directing his commandos on radio set and refused evacuation in spite of serious injuries on his chest, face and arms.
		For his conspicuous gallantry in the face of the enemy, Major Sudhir Kumar was awarded the highest peace-time gallantry medal, Ashoka Chakra, posthumously.
		For his sustained gallantry, Lt Col Sher Jung Thapa was awarded the Mahavir Chakra.
	www.hpkangra.nic.in /warriors.htm (1756 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He was awarded the Param Vir Chakra, posthumously.
		In 1962, the Battalion was deployed at the watershed in West Sikkim and was later selected to form part of the United Nations Emergency Forces at Gaza during 1964-65.The Battalion got an outstanding report during its 'tour of duty' with the UN.
		The awards won by the Battalion include Victoria Cross(2), Param Vir Chakra(1), Mahavir Chakra (2) and Vir Chakra(13).
	indiapicks.com /stamps/Forces/1807_Brig_of_Guards.htm (465 words)

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