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	Mai Po Marshes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mai Po Marshes (米埔濕地) is a nature reserve located near Yuen Long in Hong Kong.
		The reserve is managed by the World Wide Fund for Nature Hong Kong; the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department has responsibilities for the Ramsar site as a whole.
		Deep Bay faces threats, including pollution, and rising mudflat levels that perhaps arise from intense urbanisation, especially (in recent years) on the north, Shenzhen side of the bay.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mai_Po_Marshes (200 words)

	WDN Literature References: River Deltas and Fish
		In May concentrations of nitrate, silicate, and phosphate decreased linearly with increasing salinity.
		Despite the tremendous natural and human resource base, the region's potential for sustainable development remains unfulfilled and its future is being threatened by environmental degradation and deteriorating economic conditions which are not being addressed by present policies and actions.
		Natural or human-induced changes to M. balthica populations could impact the food web of the delta, which could cascade to larger geographic impacts because of the importance of the delta to migratory species.
	cires.colorado.edu /science/groups/wessman/projects/wdn/refs/fish.html (16868 words)

	CNN - Hong Kong's Mai Po wetland under pollution threat - April 25, 1998
		HONG KONG (CNN) -- The Mai Po Marshes nature reserve in the northwestern corner of this city has been a haven for some of the world's most endangered water birds for a long time.
		With an area of about 1,500 hectares (3,700 acres), the wetlands around the Mai Po Marshes and Inner Deep Bay are one of the largest protected nature reserves in southern China.
		And he warned, should Mai Po and the fish ponds in the region disappear or be further degraded by pollution, "then this species (fl-faced spoonbill) could very well head toward extinction.
	robots.cnn.com /WORLD/asiapcf/9804/25/mai.po.marsh (464 words)

	Hong Kong, a city located in the heart of Southeast Asia, has long been known for its tall, modern buildings and its ...
		This means that Mai Po is in great danger of being exploited by encroaching land development if there were not a set of comprehensive policies and guidelines devoted to the land-use of the Ramsar site that takes into account conservation considerations.
		So far, by examining Mai Po’s present management, it is not hard to visualize the picture of Mai Po surviving well into the future years under the collaboration effort of various environmental organizations and the government.
		The Mai Po Nature Reserve forms a part of the Biodiversity Management Zone (BMZ) and the Mai Po BMZ is divided into a number of compartments, each with its own management intention.
	cd1.emb.hkedcity.net /cd/pshe/edtt2/public_html/content/maipo/maipo.html (8741 words)

	HK closes aviaries, bird ... - Jan. 30, 2004
		The closures are part of a wide-ranging government effort to prevent the disease from entering Hong Kong after spreading fast across Asia, where it has caused at least 10 human deaths from outbreaks in 10 countries.
		Among the closed facilities is the Mai Po Marshes nature reserve, which is presently crammed with up to 50,000 migratory birds, including egrets, terns and plovers, which are wintering in the territory.
		Officials are worried wild birds may be passing the disease to domesticated fowl, and has also ordered poultry farmers to protect their flocks from outside creatures.
	www.inq7.net /brk/2004/jan/30/text/brkafp_1-1-p.htm (299 words)

	globeandmail.com - Business Travel Guide
		The Mai Po Marshes nature reserve in the northwestern corner of the city has been a haven for some of the world's most endangered water birds for a long time.
		Even for non-birders, walking Mai Po's boardwalks and peering at rare birds is an excellent escape from the city.
		Mai Po Marshes: It's necessary to take a tour in order to visit the birds, but they run daily through a variety of agencies.
	www.theglobeandmail.com /series/business/travel/articles/hongkong_wild.html (1579 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In spite of its image as a virtual garden of tall, narrow skyscrapers -- a sort of vertical urban sprawl -- a staggering 70 per cent of the region's 1,100 square kilometres is countryside.
		Mai Po Reserve manager, Dr. Lew Young, notes that Hong Kong's new status within China offers a better chance to work with the Chinese to solve environmental problems.
		Along the nature trail, a series of blinds overlooking the gei wai offer an opportunity to observe birds in their natural habitat.
	www.50plus.com /ArticleFullPrint.cfm?objectid=52065851-67C5-11D4-B670009027DE53E5&CFID=1914529&CFTOKEN=31201769&CFID=1914529&CFTOKEN=31201769 (742 words)

	Species info - HTML
		The birds are mostly recorded on spring migration in April and May (with the peak of migration in mid-April), and are relatively rare on autumn migration, and on a few occasions single birds have been recorded in winter (January 1992, November 1992, January 1993, October_December 1993 and January 1995) (HKBWS database).
		Mai Po marshes were declared a "No Hunting Area" in 1973, and restriction on access, scheduled under the Wild Animals Protection Ordinance, Cap.
		In 1983, WWF Hong Kong initiated its Mai Po Marshes Project, and in 1984 it began active management of Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve for education and the conservation of wildlife.
	www.rdb.or.id /view_html.php?id=260&op=eurypygm (8711 words)

	Charliesbirdblog: Hong Kong, Mai Po Marshes. 06 September 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The marshes at Mai Po are worth a visit anytime from September to April, but are perhaps not quite the draw they once were as rampant development on the Chinese mainland side of Deep Bay has altered the ecological character of the Bay adversely.
		Mai Po Reserve is a warren of paths and waterways, and whether shorebirds are present is very dependent on tide levels out in Deep Bay: when the tide is high the shorebirds roost on the Reserve, when water levels are low most of them feed out in the bay.
		Whilst shorebirds are the obvious draw at Mai Po the reserve is not bad for passerines either, though early September is not really a good time of year and many of the winter visitors were not back yet.
	www.charliesbirdblog.com /~charlie/maipo06sept05/maipo06sept05.html (957 words)

	Hong Kong Outdoors - Hong Kong birding sites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Pintail and Swinhoe's snipes, Greater Paintedsnipe, Wood Sandpiper and Long-toed Stint may be found in the marshy areas, while there are also birds of farmland and open country such as Red-throated and Richard's pipits, Yellow and (rare) Citrine wagtails, Spotted Munia, and buntings.
		There's a freshwater marsh, where birds may include Long-toed Stint and Sharp-tailed Sandpiper; woodland close by often holds Hair-crested Drongos and, in late spring, this is a good site to try for Black Baza, and Indian, Large-hawk and Red-winged cuckoos.
		Po Toi Island (article on this site), lying south of Hong Kong Island, is another island that is good for birding during migration seasons, again with a chance of seabirds during the crossing or while seawatching from a headland.
	www.hkoutdoors.com /hong-kong-birding/hk-birding-sites.html (1698 words)

	WWF Hong Kong (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The wetlands around the Mai Po Marshes and Inner Deep Bay in the northwestern corner of Hong Kong, have been known as a haven for migratory birds for many decades.
		Mai Po was not recognized as any form of protected area until 1976, when it was designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest.
		The original managers of Mai Po, the gei wai shrimp pond operators, used to completely drain down their gei wai to harvest the fish inside the pond when the shrimp-harvesting season has ended from early winter.
	www.wwf.org.hk /eng/maipo/index.html (193 words)

	Hong Kong Birdwatching Basics
		Lying in the tropics, on migration routes for birds breeding from Japan west to Russia and north China, and boasting a range of habitats including the world-renowned Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, Hong Kong is an excellent place for birdwatching.
		And there are passage migrants, which may halt here to feed and refuel before heading to their northern breeding grounds.
		WWF HK manages Mai Po Marshes, and conducts weekend tours that serve as useful introductions to the reserve.
	martinwilliams.tripod.com /hkbirding/basicinfo.html (1508 words)

	Hong Kong's Mai Po Wetland Under Pollution Threat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Po Marshes and Inner Deep Bay are one of the largest protected nature reserves
		Nature was formally designated a Wetland of International Importance.
		And he warned, should Mai Po and the fish ponds in the region disappear or be
	forests.org /archive/asia/wtlhong.htm (482 words)

	Hong Kong Outdoors - Birding at Mai Po Marshes, Hong Kong
		Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, which is managed by the World Wide Fund for Nature Hong Kong, is a key part of the internationally important Deep Bay wetland, which is listed as a Ramsar site, and lies between northwest HK and Shenzhen.
		Both may be seen on the mudflats, from the Boardwalk hides.
		Gull-billed and Caspian terns mingle with the migrant shorebird flocks - both on the mudflats, and on Mai Po lagoons when the mudflats are covered at high tide, and large roosts may assemble on these lagoons.
	www.hkoutdoors.com /component/option,com_/Itemid,0/option,content/task,view/id,31 (821 words)

	Mai Po 1996
		Permits from the government and World Wide Fund for Nature are necessary to enter Mai Po and must be obtained well in advance of your visit.
		On the bay side of the reserve there is a large chain-link fence that separates the impoundments from the marshes.
		We took their interest as an encouraging sign for the future of Mai Po that is continually under the threat of nearby development.
	www.camacdonald.com /birding/tripreports/MaiPo96.html (1572 words)

	Report on a Regional Study and Workshop on the Environmental Assessment and Management of Aquaculture Development
		At present, the area has been designated as a nature reserve with restricted access and is managed by World Wide Fund (Hong Kong) in view of its importance as a major feeding and resting ground for migrating seabirds.
		In addition, the mangrove area at the Mai Po Marshes, one of the stopping over sites for migratory birds, is located at the edge of a large stretch of fish ponds.
		With Mai Po designated as a bird sanctuary, it is now recognised that the fish ponds surrounding the Mai Po mangrove are vital in maintaining the ecology of the marshes and are now categorised as the Buffer Zone for Mai Po by the Planning Department.
	www.fao.org /docrep/field/003/AC279E/AC279E10.htm (11158 words)

	WWF Hong Kong Mai Po training course in wetland management
		The WWF Hong Kong Mai Po Marshes Wildlife Education Centre and Nature Reserve will be used as a case study to demonstrate the different types and values of wetland, the wise use of wetlands, and the conservation and management of a wetland including for Environmental Education.
		Optional visits may be arranged for some training courses where it is determined that such visits would be mutually beneficial to participating organisations, or where there is a special need.
		Due to the different backgrounds and needs between nature reserve staff and policy makers, the duration of the training courses depends on the background, interest and requirements of the participants.
	www.ramsar.org /wurc/wurc_training_maipo.htm (1017 words)

	Species info - HTML
		There may also be small islands off Japan, Russia and North Korea, and possibly north-east China, where breeding populations remain to be discovered.
		The species was observed in Guangdong in May "running along the banks of lagoons on the mud under mangrove bushes", and it was collected in reedbeds in Fujian (La Touche 1925_1934).
		Breeding On the Izu islands, the breeding season is from May to June, sometimes into July, and the average clutch-size is four, but ranges from three to six (Austin and Kuroda 1953).
	www.rdb.or.id /view_html.php?id=115&op=locuples (2357 words)

	Case of the Disappearing Spoonbills - National Wildlife Magazine
		At Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, on the border of mainland China and Hong Kong, observers had long noted that fl-faced spoonbills arrived in autumn and left in spring.
		A record 252 fl-faced spoonbills were spotted at the reserve in the fall of 2000, and the media carried the news widely.
		In Taiwan, where the chimneys of giant steelworks and other factories in the south belch out steady streams of smoke, and swathes of plain along the island's west coast have been similarly devastated, the fl-faced spoonbill's future depends upon the protection of the Chiku wetlands on the southwest coast.
	www.nwf.org /nationalwildlife/printerFriendly.cfm?issueID=0&articleID=765 (1856 words)

	Mai Po Marshes birding tour, Hong Kong (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		This tour will take you to the heart of the Mai Po reserve, which is managed by the World Wide Fund for Nature Hong Kong.
		Though the focus is on birds, this isn't a tour aimed at dedicated birdwatchers; the relatively wild marshes, bird flocks, and gorgeous species like kingfishers can entrance everyone with an interest in the natural world.
		As this is now a private tour, the itinerary is to a large extent up to you; but you may wish to consider departing the Kowloon Hotel at 8:15am or 1:15pm for a ride into the New Territories, to Mai Po; then return around 1pm or 6pm.
	www.hkecotours.com /Watching_HK_Wildlife/HK_Birding/Mai_Po_Marshes_birding_tour,_Hong_Kong/2 (760 words)

	Where do you want to go birding in Hong Kong today?
		Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, which is managed by the World Wide Fund for Nature Hong Kong, is a key part of the internationally important Deep Bay wetland, which is listed as a Ramsar site, and lies between northwest Hong Kong and Shenzhen.
		My interest was in going to Mai Po to see the shorebirds that frequent the Deep Bay area on spring migration.
		The endemic, endangered and speciality birds may be uncommon, extremely rare vagrants, may be extirpated in the country now or may only be present in migration.
	www.camacdonald.com /birding/asiahongkong.htm (1290 words)

	Hong Kong. Holidays and accommodation in Hong Kong from 3* to luxury hotels - Kuoni Travel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Atop steep, scenic hillsides, Po Lin monastery is populated by grey-robed monks with shaved heads.
		Managed by the World Wide Fund for Nature, the Mai Po marshes, a nature reserve of mangrove forest, mud flats and ponds, attracts many birds of the region but also serves as way station for more than 250 species of migratory birds.
		There may be an occasional risk of malaria in the rural areas of the New Territories near the Chinese border.
	www.kuoni.co.uk /countryinformation/hk/main.shtml (3993 words)

	Ecotours By C & A Tours
		The Mai Po Wetland Experience by Ecotour.com.hk will take you to the heart of the Mai Po reserve, which is managed by the World Wide Fund for Nature Hong Kong.
		Ride in our minibus, along the border fence road within the reserve, to access parts of Mai Po that are too remote for regular visits (which don't use vehicles inside the reserve); these include a lagoon that is often the most rewarding place for experiencing Mai Po and its birdlife in winter.
		Board an air-conditioned minibus at the Excelsior Hotel (8am or 1pm, depending on whether the tour is in the morning or the afternoon) or the Kowloon Hotel (8:15am or 1:15pm) for a ride into the New Territories, to Mai Po.
	www.ecotours.com.hk /tours/mai_po.php (668 words)

	birding facts Birding Resources by the Fat Birder
		Fortunately the marshes and mudflats in the Deep Bay area, centred on the internationally renowned nature reserve at Mai Po, have been declared a Ramsar site and it is this area that is the main ornithological focus in the region.
		An oasis in the midst of urban sprawl of both Hong Kong`s new territories and the adjacent Schenzen economic zone, this nature reserve is temporary home to many species of migratory birds...
		Mai Po is still there and the shorebirds still come through in their teeming thousands, presenting as they always did the finest shorebird spectacle in the Palearctic...
	www.fatbirder.com /links_geo/asia/hong_kong.html (1710 words)

	Ecosystems Ltd.
		A primary concern of the EIA was potential adverse impacts to wetland conservation areas in Deep Bay at the mouth of the river--Mai Po Marshes in Hong Kong and Futian Nature Reserve in Shenzhen.
		The site is adjacent to recently declared wetland buffer and conservation areas and lies not far from the Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, a waterfowl habitat of international significance and part of Hong Kong's first Ramsar wetland.
		The project was of high priority due to the enclosed nature and poor tidal flushing capacity of Tolo Harbour which makes it particularly sensitive to the environmental burden of high levels of sewage discharge.
	www.ecosystems-ltd.com /drainage-hk.htm (2028 words)

	Hong Kong : The New Territories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Traveling in the New Territories, you may notice women wearing wide-brimmed hats with a fl fringe and pajama-like clothing; many of them have gold-capped teeth as well.
		Birds of a Feather--Hong Kong's Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, which lies on the border with mainland China, serves as a vital resting and feeding ground for migratory birds, including ducks, gulls, shorebirds, cormorants, and endangered species like the fl-faced spoonbill.
		The reserve can be visited only by joining an organized tour, the Mai Po Wetland Experience, which is a 5-hour journey that includes transportation and a hike through the reserve with a knowledgeable guide.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/print-narrative.cfm?destID=78&catID=0078020444 (981 words)

	Black-faced Spoonbill: in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea
		An avid birdwatcher in my spare time, I made visiting Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, on the border of mainland China and Hong Kong, a priority.
		At Mai Po, observers had noted since the late 1950s that fl-faced spoonbills arrived in autumn and left in March or early April, the season when adults of both sexes attract mates by sporting sulfur-yellow breast patches and identically colored shaggy plumes on the backs of their head.
		In the wake of the study, fl-faced spoonbills became a high-profile species in a fight over a railway line planned through threatened wetlands near Mai Po.
	www.drmartinwilliams.com /bfspoonbill/bfspoonbill.html (2175 words)

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