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Topic: Major coal producing regions

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	Coal
		Coal is primarily used as a solid fuel to produce heat by burning, which produces carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases along with sulfuric acid, which is responsible for the formation of acid rain.
		Modern coal power plants utilize a variety of techniques to limit the harmfulness of their waste products and improve the efficiency of burning, though these techniques are not widely implemented in some countries as they add to the capital cost of the power plant.
		Coal is thought ultimately to derive its name from the Old English col but this actually meant charcoal at the time; coal was not dug for prior to the later Middle Ages i.e.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/co/Coal.html (967 words)

	Coal
		Coal composition is determined by specific coal assay techniques, and is performed to quantify the physical, chemical and mechanical behaviour of the coal, including whether it is a good candidate for coking coal.
		Coal was formed in swamp ecosystems which persisted in lowland sedimentary basins similar, for instance, to the peat swamps of Borneo today.
		In the majority of cases this is abrupt, with the majority of coal seams having a knife-sharp upper contact with the overlying sediments.
	www.ourquads.com /coal.htm (3278 words)

	petrolpump.co.in : energy sources, Coal, Anthracite coal, Bituminous coal, Lignite coal, Sub-bituminous coal, Coke, ...
		Coal is thought ultimately to derive its name from the Old English col but this actually meant charcoal at the time; coal was not mined prior to the late Middle Ages; i.e.
		Lignite coal is the lowest rank of coal, often referred to as brown coal, used almost exclusively as fuel for steam-electric power generation.
		Sub-bituminous coal is a coal whose properties range from those of lignite to those of bituminous coal and are used primarily as fuel for steam-electric power generation.
	www.petrolpump.co.in /energy-sources/coal.htm (1720 words)

	U.S. Coal Supply and Demand
		Coal consumption for the electric power sector in this Division increased in 2005 by 5.8 million short tons, or 2.5 percent, and that increase represents one quarter of the total increase in U.S. coal consumption in the electric power sector for the year.
		Coal stocks held by producers and distributors decreased by 6.6 million short tons, a drop of 16.0 percent as producers used their stockpiles to help meet the increased demand.
		Coal stocks in the electric power sector dropped for the third consecutive year in 2005, declining by 5.4 million short tons (5.1 percent), to end the year at 101.2 million short tons, as power facilities used their stockpiles to meet increasing demand for electricity and transportation problems slowed coal deliveries.
	www.eia.doe.gov /cneaf/coal/page/special/feature.html (6421 words)

	Rockman's Coal Page
		Coal is at work each time you turn on a switch that allows electricity to power up your lights, microwave, stereo, TV, computer and all those other electircal appliances and gadgets you have lying around the house.
		The three major U.S. coal producing regions are Appalachia (West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Eastern Kentucky, and Ohio), the Illinois Basin (Illinois, Indiana and Western Kentucky) and the Powder River Basin (Wyoming and Montana).
		Lignite coal is produced primarily in western North Dakota and in eastern Montana.
	www.rocksandminerals.com /coal.htm (1489 words)

	Coal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Coal (IPA: /ˈkəʊl/) is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by underground mining or open-pit mining (surface mining).
		Coal cinders have been found in the hearths of villas and military forts, particularly in Northumberland, dated to around 400 CE.
		In Centralia, Pennsylvania (a borough located in the Coal Region of the United States) an exposed vein of coal ignited in 1962 due to a trash fire in the borough landfill, located in an abandoned anthracite strip mine pit.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coal (4395 words)

	Major coal producing regions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Coal fields in South Wales, Yorkshire and other parts of the United Kingdom used to be major mining areas, however during the 1980s and 1990s there was a major downturn in the British mining industry due to increased use of natural gas in electrical power stations and cheaper imports.
		In South Africa coal is mined in several regions, mainly in the East Rand around Witbank, in the Vaal valley around the Vaal Triangle and at Dundee and Newcastle in northern KwaZulu Natal.
		Russia is currently the 5th largest producer of coal in the world, and is 2nd largest with reserves estimated at 175 billion t.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Major_coal_producing_regions (598 words)

	Coal - Engineering (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Coal is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by underground mining or open-pit mining (surface mining [[1]]).
		When coal is used in electricity generation, it is generally pulverized and then burned (~35% efficient).
		Coal liquefaction is one of the backstop technologies that will limit escalation of oil prices and mitigate the alleged effects of peak oil.
	engineering.wikia.com /wiki/Coal (2379 words)

	EPA-MAIA - Coal Mining (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Coal is extracted from mines to be used for fuel in a variety of applications.
		Total mining area was estimated by using spectral signatures for coal mining developed for the middle Appalachian region by EPA Region 3.
		Since drainage density (cumulative stream length within a hydrologic unit per surface area of the hydrologic unit) in this region is high, all streams are assumed to be in close proximity of mining activity proportional to that stressor's presence.
	www.epa.gov /maia/html/coal-mining.html (952 words)

	Coal - Enpsychlopedia
		Coal is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by underground mining or open-pit mining (surface mining).
		Coal liquefaction is one of the backstop technologies that will limit escalation of oil prices and mitigate the alleged effects of peak oil, provided that the extra carbon dioxide released in the process does not catastrophically accelerate global warming/adverse climate effects.
		To eliminate CO emissions from coal plants, carbon capture and storage has been proposed but is yet to be widely used.
	www.enpsychlopedia.com /psypsych/Coal (4533 words)

	The Environmental Literacy Council - Coal Mining
		From the mid-1700s to the mid-1900s coal was a major energy source for manufacturing and domestic heating.
		Coal continues to provide 22 percent of the world’s energy and is used to generate about 40 percent of global electricity (See Coal).
		One controversial method of coal mining is mountaintop removal, in which the entire top of a mountain is blasted away to expose a coal seam that runs through the mountain or ridge.
	www.enviroliteracy.org /article.php/1122.html (1543 words)

	Wikinfo \| Coal
		Coal is a readily combustible fl or brownish-fl rock the composition of which, including inherent moisture, consists of more than 50 percent by weight and more than 70 percent by volume of carbonaceous material.
		Coal is primarily used as a solid fuel to produce heat by burning, which produces carbon dioxide a greenhouse gas along with SO2 which produces sulfuric acid, which is responsible for the formation of suphate aerosol and acid rain.
		Images, some of which are used under the doctrine of Fair use or used with permission, may not be available.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Lignite (1126 words)

	How can I find out how much coal I have on my property? Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
		After coal thickness data are gathered, a map showing coal thickness trends (isopach map) is constructed for the target bed.
		Office of Kentucky Coal Council (859-246-2500): The Office assists the government, industry, and public with information regarding marketing and exporting of coal, as well as many other facets of the coal industry.
		Kentucky Revenue Cabinet (502-564-3226): The Revenue Cabinet is responsible for administering coal severance tax (502-564-6734) and for mineral valuation for property taxation (502-564-8334).
	www.uky.edu /KGS/coal/coal_on_property.htm (933 words)

	ARC \| Research Reports
		This regional distinction used by the EIA is sensible, since the three regions are quite different.
		Finally, the three regions of Appalachia have fairly distinct forecasts for future levels of coal production and employment, as is discussed in the second part of this study.
		Conversations with personnel at EIA suggest that high sulfur coal production in the future may no longer be negatively effected by compliance with the Clean Air Act due to the installation of "scrubbers" to clean emissions at nearby power plants, and the stockpiling of emissions credits by these same power companies.
	www.arc.gov /index.do?nodeId=648 (975 words)

	Peabody Coal's History - Peabody Energy (NYSE:BTU) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A Yale-graduate-turned-entrepreneur gave birth to the world's leading coal company more than a century ago.
		Peabody has grown from a small retail coal business to the world's largest private-sector coal company, fueling approximately 10 percent of all U.S. electricity and 3 percent of worldwide electricity.
		The company has more than 30 operations throughout all major U.S. coal producing regions and in Australia.
	www.peabodyenergy.com /Profile/PeabodysHistory.asp (128 words)

	Natural Resource Partners L.P. - Free Market News Network
		Production on both the owned and override property is anticipated to begin in mid-2007 and NRP anticipates between $600 thousand to $700 thousand in revenues in 2007, increasing to between $2.8 million and $3.0 million in 2009 when all properties are expected to be in full operation.
		The property currently produces over 500,000 tons per year and should generate royalty income to NRP of nearly $1.4 million per year.
		NRP is a master limited partnership that is principally engaged in the business of owning and managing coal properties in the three major coal producing regions of the United States: Appalachia, the Illinois Basin and the Powder River Basin.
	www.freemarketnews.com /Press-Release.asp?nid=6636 (619 words)

	PRESS RELEASE Tranzcom Awarded Contracts to Build Additional Safety Monitoring Systems for Coal Mines in China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Similar to the project in Linfen City, Jincheng is a major coal producing city in the province which has in excess of 500 coal mines.
		Tranzcom is also pleased to announce that the pilot Digital Coal Mine Safety Monitoring System installed in Linfen city, announced on October 3, 2005, has now been tested and approved.
		These two major coal producing regions in Shanxi Province, have approximately 5,000 coal mines, all of which are required to comply with new safety standards.
	www.marketwire.com /mw/release_html_b1?release_id=102208 (488 words)

	The COALPROD database: Historical Production Data for the Major Coal-Producing Regions of the Conterminous United States
		Coal of Early Mesozoic age was first produced in the U.S. from the banks of the James River near Manakin, Virginia, and was used in Colonial Virginia for domestic needs by French Huguenot settlers (Wilkes, 1988).
		It was not until 1758 that coal was produced commercially, however, when 9 tons of coal from near Richmond was shipped to New York.
		Hibbard, W. R., Jr., Virginia coal, an abridged history: Virginia Center for Coal and Energy Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, 151 p.
	pubs.usgs.gov /of/1997/of97-447/text.htm (635 words)

	Peabody Energy Stock Price (BTU), Stock Quotes, Charts, Trades & Market News.
		Company Description : A private-sector coal company that owns, through its subsidiaries, majority interests in 34 coal operations located throughout all major U.S. coal producing regions and in Australia.
		CMS Enterprises Announces Agreements With Peabody Energy to Co-Develop Major Power Plant and Mine in Southern Illinois
		Peabody's Lee Ranch Mine Honored by U.S. Department of Labor as Safest U.S. Surface Coal Mine in 2005
	www.advfn.com /quote_peabody-energy-_nyse_btu.html (502 words)

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