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	Majoritarianism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Majoritarianism is a political philosophy or agenda which asserts that a majority (sometimes categorized by religion, language or some other identifying factor) of the population is entitled to a certain degree of primacy in society, and has the right to make decisions that affect the society.
		Majority rule (a concept closely aligned with majoritarianism) is defined as the rule that requires more than half of a polity's members who cast a vote to agree in order for the whole polity to make a decision on the measure being voted on.
		Although strict majority rule has never been tried in human history, majoritarianism (as a theory), similar to democracy, has often been used as a pretext by sizable or aggressive minorities to politically oppress other smaller (or civically inactive) minorities, or even sometimes a civically inactive majority (see Richard Nixon's reference to "Silent Majority").
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Majority_rule (685 words)

	Encyclopedia: Majority rule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Under a majoritarian political structure the majority has a single restriction: it is not allowed to exclude any minority from future participation in the democratic process.
		It is a common practice by the opponents of majoritarianism to equate or confuse (sometimes on purpose) strict majoritarianism with the loose version, thus accusing the strict majoritarianism of having the disadvantages that only the loose version can have, and vice versa.
		Although strict majority rule has never been tried in human history, majoritarianism (as a theory), similar to democracy, has often been used as a pretext by sizable or aggressive minorities to group people together and form cliques, so as to oppress other smaller (or inactive) minorities, or even sometimes the (inactive) majority.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Majority-rule (729 words)

	ipedia.com: Majoritarianism Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Majoritarianism (often also called majority rule) is a political philosophy or agenda which asserts that the major segment of a country's population is entitled to a certain degree of primacy in that country's society, and has the right to make decisions that affect the society.
		Majority rule is defined as the rule that requires at least 50% plus one person of community members to agree and to vote for a measure in order for the whole community to make a decision on that measure.
		Accurate majority rule (by using polls in order to define accurately what the majority really wants today and make every decision based on that majority will) has never been tried as a political regime in human history, with the exception of Athenian Democracy and some other ancient Greek city-states.
	www.ipedia.com /majoritarianism.html (640 words)

	Majoritarianism -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Under a majoritarian political structure the majority has a single restriction: it is not allowed to exclude any (Any age prior to the legal age) minority from future participation in the (additional info and facts about democratic) democratic process.
		Majority rule (a concept closely aligned with majoritarianism) is defined as the rule that requires more than half of a polity's members who cast a vote to agree in order for the whole polity to make a decision on that measure.
		More broadly, the term is used in the discussion between the principles of majority rule and the protection of individual and minority rights.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/ma/majoritarianism.htm (609 words)

	The Individual and Majority Rule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Belief in majority rule as an eternal verity is so pervasive, devotion to it is so complete and unquestioned, that to offer demurrals is viewed as almost a kind of heresy.
		Majority rule has the approval of the majority, and it seems no more need be said.
		A majority taken collectively may be regarded as a being whose opinions, and most frequently whose interests, are opposed to those of another being, which is styled a minority.
	www.libertyhaven.com /politicsandcurrentevents/democracy/indirule.shtml (2194 words)

	Egon Flaig • Majority rule: political risks and cultural dynamics.
		However, majority rule was not invented by the Greeks; although in a singular, comprehensive and systematic way they made it into a principle for determining the general will of a group or community (Larsen, 1949: 164ff.; Glotz, 1953: 69; Ruzé:1984: 247ff.).
		Majority rule does not require democracy but merely equality within the group of decision-makers.
		Majority rule is the exact opposite: under less-than-ideal circumstances it tends to become a zero-sum game, one side winning and the other side losing.
	www.espacestemps.net /document205.html (7137 words)

	Majority Rule!--America is not a country of Majority Rule.
		Majority Rule!--America is not a country of Majority Rule.
		Majority rule without any limitation or curb upon the particular set of fools who happen to be placed for the moment in charge of the machinery of a government!
		The majority to the South of the Mason and Dixon line established the horrible thing called slavery, and the majority north of it did likewise, and only turned reformer when slavery ceased to be profitable to them.
	pages.prodigy.net /krtq73aa/reed.htm (832 words)

	Contents of III. THE (IN)ALIENABILITY OF MAJORITY RULE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Majority rule must always be a first order principle.
		If majority rule were instead seen as a Retained Right, then the Constitution would effectively limit the rights of the majority to the terms contained in the text of the document.
		Similarly, no one would argue that the majority has the right to deprive the minority of life or liberty simply because it is a majority.
	www.law.upenn.edu /journals/conlaw/issues/vol2/num3/king/node6_ct.html (2183 words)

	Majority Rule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In contrast, in elections in which a majority is needed, a run-off election is held if no one gets a majority.
		In most rules of order, a vote to close discussion or to change the rules requires a two-thirds vote.
		But for such a rule to work--that is, for any but the most trivial motions to gain passage--the gainers would have to be able to buy off losers.
	ingrimayne.saintjoe.edu /econ/government/MajorityRule.html (993 words)

	Majority Rule
		Even with super-majorities, however, the tendency of majority rule processes is to divide society into two competing coalitions (often referred to as the right and left, or liberals and conservatives).
		One key to controlling what is sometimes called the "tyranny of the majority" are norms and rules which prevent the majority from disregarding the basic rights of the minority.
		Majority rule votes, they observe, can lead to destructive outcomes as they enforce a win-lose approach to conflict.
	www.colorado.edu /conflict/peace/treatment/majority.htm (597 words)

	Majority Rule
		Is it possible for the majority to act unjust and unethical or are the cultural ethics and sense of justices limited to the ideologies and dogmas of the majority?
		The majority of the population saw her actions as immoral, as attacking the foundation of a civilization.
		For when majority rules the rights of the majority are guaranteed, what must be protected therefore are the rights of the minority.
	journals.aol.com /demyngeiv/SgtReedysEditorials/entries/552 (1635 words)

	The Guide: Summary: Are there Limits on Majority Rule? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		All, too, will bear in mind this sacred principle, that though the will of the majority is in all cases to prevail, that will, to be rightful, must be reasonable; that the minority possess their equal rights, which equal laws must protect, and to violate would be oppression.
		Majority rule is a deduction from the larger principle of equality.
		But majority rule must not interfere with that other, vital deduction from equality--equal rights.
	www.founding.com /guide/summary/ge20.htm (229 words)

	Jefferson on Politics & Government: Majority Rule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		"Absolute acquiescence in the decision of the majority, the vital principle of republics, from which is no appeal but to force, the vital principle and immediate parent of despotism, I deem [one of] the principles of our Government, and consequently [one of] those which ought to shape its administration." --Thomas Jefferson: 1st Inaugural, 1801.
		"It is a rule in all countries that what is done by the body of a nation must be submitted to by all its members." --Thomas Jefferson: Address to Miami and Delaware Nations, 1803.
		"The majority, oppressing an individual, is guilty of a crime, abuses its strength, and by acting on the law of the strongest breaks up the foundations of society." --Thomas Jefferson to Pierre Samuel Dupont de Nemours, 1816.
	etext.lib.virginia.edu /jefferson/quotations/jeff0500.htm (1689 words)

	Majority rule on judges - The Washington Times: Editorials/OP-ED - March 17, 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Indeed, Republican attempts to reassert and enforce the principle of majority rule are part of an ongoing, evolutionary parliamentary give-and-take as old as the Senate itself.
		As political scientist Sarah A. Binder argues in her book, "Minority Rights, Majority Rule," the history of both the House and Senate includes an evolving set of procedures and rules based on the shifting balance between minority tactics and the majority's need to govern.
		In each case, a minority of senators applied the rules creatively to obstruct and in each case procedures to return to the previous status quo were established by either the threat or actual application of a simple majority vote.
	www.washtimes.com /op-ed/20050316-084145-5699r.htm (680 words)

	Quotes on majority rule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		All, too, will bear in mind this sacred principle, that though the will of the majority is in all cases to prevail, that will, to be rightful, must be reasonable; that the minority possess their equal rights, which equal laws must protect, and to violate which would be oppression.
		For the principle of majority rule is the mildest form in which the force of numbers can be exercised.
		The rule of fifty-one per cent is a convenience, it is for certain matters a satisfactory political device, it is for others the lesser of two evils, and for others it is acceptable because we do not know any less troublesome method of obtaining a political decision.
	www.freedomsnest.com /cgi-bin/q.cgi?subject=majorityrule (440 words)

	WorldNetDaily: Majority rule equals tyranny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In fact, one of the primary dangers of majority rule is that it confers an aura of legitimacy and respectability on acts that would otherwise be deemed tyrannical.
		Plus, we'd all agree that it would be nothing short of tyranny if where you could live and whom you could marry was decided by majority rule.
		Madison said, "Measures are too often decided, not according to the rules of justice and the rights of the minor party, but by the superior force of an interested and overbearing majority." And he's right.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=21048 (630 words)

	Principles of Democracy
		On the surface, the principles of majority rule and the protection of individual and minority rights would seem contradictory.
		Majority rule is a means for organizing government and deciding public issues; it is not another road to oppression.
		Democracies understand that protecting the rights of minorities to uphold cultural identity, social practices, individual consciences, and religious activities is one of their primary tasks.
	usinfo.state.gov /products/pubs/principles/majority.htm (410 words)

	Majority Rule in Zimbabwe
		Increasing pressures on the Rhodesia and the Smith government continued to mount with embargo-related economic hardships, continued guerilla activity, majority rule in neighboring former Portuguese colonies, and a UK-US diplomatic initiative all bringing pressure to bear on Rhodesia.
		The Smith government eventually agreed in principle to majority rule and a meeting with African nationalist leaders in Geneva to negotiate a final settlement.
		Three months after the negotiations began, an agreement was signed that called for a cease-fire, new elections, a transition period under British rule, and a new constitution calling for majority rule while protecting minority rights.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/war/zimbabwe.htm (766 words)

	The Nice: [Proposed Rule Discussion.] - Majority Vote.
		Yea on the condition that such be by a 2/3 majority ie.
		I think it is a good thing that votes which directly impinge on anouther already created character or that character's abilities and possessions requires a 3/4ths vote.
		I hope that the effects of this rule will be that people won't push fo drastic or sweeping rules, because they are not likely to get the 2/3rds vote.
	nice.purrsia.com /cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic&f=73&t=000232 (1322 words)

	Majority Rule: The Tyrants Next Door by Wayne Dunn -- Capitalism Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In a political context, majority rule can be not merely wrong but downright fatal.
		In ancient Athens, for instance, a majority of voters sentenced Socrates to death because of his controversial teachings.
		Suppose freedom of speech or the right to worship, for example, hinged on majority rule.
	www.capmag.com /article.asp?ID=3709 (826 words)

	Capitol Watch: Let a majority rule
		Were the Senate to pass the bill, it would still require House approval of the changes made in the Senate.
		And then it would need approval by a majority of voters in a statewide election.
		And, of course, any actual local school tax increases for such purposes would require approval by a majority of the district's voters.
	seattlepi.nwsource.com /opinion/220169_schooled.asp (279 words)

	AllRefer.com - Sri Lanka - United National Party "Majority" Rule, 1948-56 \| Sri Lankan Information Resource
		Despite the benevolent guidance of Senanayake, the UNP could not defuse the nascent dissension between the Sinhalese and the Tamils.
		In the election that was held immediately after Senanayake's death, the UNP, led by his son Dudley, and the SLFP, led by Bandaranaike, vied for Sinhalese votes, while the Tamil Congress and Federal Party competed for the Tamil vote.
		The UNP won the election, and the SLFP emerged as major opposition party.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/sri-lanka/sri-lanka37.html (950 words)

	Opinion: Preserving majority rule
		Potential candidates in both major parties know the ballot could be so crowded that they may not have to convince more than a third or a fourth of the voters.
		This is not the way to nominate or elect candidates who are best equipped to govern, but it was signed again into law last week.
		The first time the primary runoff was dropped, in 2002, the reason was crassly political - to make Democrats scramble in their primary against the sitting Republican governor, Jeb Bush.
	www.sptimes.com /2003/07/28/Opinion/Preserving_majority_r.shtml (408 words)

	Let the Senate Majority Rule (washingtonpost.com)
		In his March 4 op-ed column, " 'Nuking' Free Speech," Sen. Robert C. Byrd (D-W.Va.) voiced his opposition to a plan to restore Senate traditions and the constitutional authority of a majority of senators to confirm the president's judicial nominees.
		It is past time to restore Senate traditions and to ensure that the rules for confirming federal judges by majority vote remain the same, regardless of which party controls the White House and the Senate.
		Byrd noted that "President Bush has renominated 20 men and women to the federal bench, seven of whom the Senate rejected last year." In fact, not one of the seven nominees to whom he referred was "rejected" by the Senate last year.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A25591-2005Mar10.html (334 words)

	Amazon.com: Minority Rights, Majority Rule : Partisanship and the Development of Congress: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Minority Rights, Majority Rules explains why majority parties dominate in the US House of Representatives, while minorities often dominate in the Senate.
		Minority Rights, Majority Rule seeks to explain a phenomenon evident to most observers of the U.S. Congress.
		This institutional dynamic has fueled the power of partisan majorities in the House but stopped them in their tracks in the Senate.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0521587921?v=glance (810 words)

	Iraqi Shiites: Majority Rule? \| csmonitor.com
		But then, as a result, Iraq's long tradition of the minority Sunni Muslims ruling over the majority Shiites will likely come to an end.
		It's imperative then for Iraqi democrats shaping a new government to carefully weigh how much of a role to give Islam in civic life to ensure democracy's survival, and how much to structure a new government to both reflect and bridge this ancient religious divide among Arabs.
		Violence stemming from Shiite resentments toward the sometimes oppressive Sunni rule must be avoided, as well as violence between rival Shiite factions.
	www.csmonitor.com /2003/0414/p10s02-comv.html (369 words)

	When the majority doesn't rule
		wrote that "the electoral majority was thwarted by a tyrannical
		percent majority fell short of the 67 percent needed to pass.
		Institute, said that a too-strict adherence to majority rule "implies
	www.eltoroairport.org /news/Register111499-supermajority.html (746 words)

	African National Congress -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		South African political party, founded in 1914, which ruled the country from 1948 to 1994.
		The National Party was long dedicated to policies of apartheid and white supremacy, but by the early 1990s it had begun moving toward sharing power with South Africa's fl majority.
		Overview of the majority party in South Africa's Government of National Unity.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9003946&ref=news0705arc (946 words)

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