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	Makah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Makah are a group of Native American peoples from the most northwestern corner of the United States in the State of Washington.
		The Makah Museum in Neah Bay houses the 60,000 or so artifacts from the Ozette dig and is considered the nation's finest tribal museum, with extensive details about their culture.
		The Makah's right to whale is guaranteed in the 1855 "Treaty with the Makah", which states in part: "The right of taking fish an of whaling or sealing at usual and accustomed grounds and stations is further secured to said Indians in common with all citizens of the United States".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Makah (1090 words)

	makah.htm
		The Makah and their relatives on the west coast of Vancouver Island, the Nuu-chah-nulth, were the only Northwest Coast Indians who routinely hunted whales.
		The Makah have a special relationship with the gray whale, and whaling is a essential part of Makah social identity.
		The Makah hunt was sanctioned by the International Whaling Commission because it did not pose a threat to the survival of gray whales.
	www.uoregon.edu /~mmoss/makah.htm (903 words)

	Encyclopedia topic: Makah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		The Makah are a group of Native American (Any member of the peoples living in North or South America before the Europeans arrived) peoples from the most northwestern corner of the United States in the State of Washington (A state in northwestern United States on the Pacific).
		The Makah tribe lives in and around the town of Neah Bay, Washington (additional info and facts about Neah Bay, Washington), a small fishing village along the Strait of Juan de Fuca (additional info and facts about Strait of Juan de Fuca) where it meets the Pacific Ocean (The largest ocean in the world).
		The Makah Museum in Neah Bay, Washington houses the 60,000 or so artifacts from the Ozette dig and is considered the nation's finest tribal museum (A depository for collecting and displaying objects having scientific or historical or artistic value).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/ma/makah.htm (700 words)

	The History of the Makah Whale Hunt
		Makah sporadically hunted and traded whale until 1915, and then held a few final hunts in the mid-1920s.
		That much of ancient Makah whaling culture was so clearly tied to the trade of whale meat is a fact that was not lost on Makah elders at the end of the 1980s.
		The key to Makah economic prosperity had always been the whale trade, and the Tribal Council began to realize that a return to this trade may just prove to be the economic savior that the tribe had been waiting for.
	www.alamut.com /subj/the_other/misc/makahWhaling.html (1018 words)

	Makah Whale Hunt
		The Makah are planning to operate a processing plant so as to sell to markets outside the U.S. The Makah have started discussions with Japan and Norway about selling their whale products to both countries.
		Though critics fear the Makah hunt will open the door to commercial whaling here and elsewhere, the Indians insist they plan to use the whale meat, oil and blubber only for their own food and for ceremonial purposes.
		Though the Makahs live in a spectacular forested setting hard by the roaring sea and at the mouth of the Strait of Juan de Fuca it is a community racked by joblessness and tainted by the plagues of modem life, such as drugs.
	www.ccaej.org /graywhales/makah.htm (836 words)

	HistoryLink Essay: Makah Whaling
		Makahs had not whaled since the 1920s, when commercial whaling nearly wiped out whale populations, but the tribe announced it would resume whaling after the gray whale was removed from the Endangered Species List in 1994.
		Makah cultural revival was spurred by the Ozette discoveries, which confirmed ancestors' descriptions of the old way of life.
		Makah high school students assembled the bones of the whale for display in the museum at the Makah Cultural and Research Center.
	www.historylink.org /essays/output.cfm?file_id=5301 (3158 words)

	::: American Indians of the Pacific Northwest Collection :::
		Makah seafarers have had the ability to navigate out of sight of land since ancient times, so some of these fishing and sea mammal hunting areas can be as far as a hundred miles from shore.
		Makahs had a type of lifestyle that made use of the abundant resources of the ocean, the tidelands, the forests, and the rivers.
		A smallpox epidemic in 1852 (8) decimated the Makah population and caused one of the five ancient villages, Biheda, to be abandoned.
	content.lib.washington.edu /aipnw/renker.html (4382 words)

	Research Report: Makah Whaling (WA) (Makah)
		This interaction was also beneficial for the Makah, for whom whaling had been a central cultural practice as long as the community had existed, who used the trade to protect the land they inhabited from European settlement and to protect the political authority of their community.
		It is entirely appropriate that the Makah be distinguished in the United States' jurisprudence by their ability to whale, for indeed, much of the community's cultural and spiritual coherence comes from the long tradition of whaling.
		As the Makah community website puts it, "More than anything else, whaling represents the spiritual and technological preparedness of the Makah people and the wealth of culture." For whaling, as many sacred practices of Native communities, is significant in many ways at once.
	www.pluralism.org /research/profiles/display.php?profile=73629&version=print (1365 words)

	Makah Whale Hunt -- Both Sides -- Forks Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		But when the Makah chose to give up whaling after stocks became depleted from over harvesting by other countries, many of the elders whose fathers danced in secret on Tatoosh Island, spent their own childhood in schools that did not allow the speaking of their own language, let alone the practice of old spiritual ways.
		The Makah are hunting on a quota approved by the IWC for the Russian Eskimos.
		If the Makah kill their whales, the harpoon cannons of the North Atlantic, North Pacific, and Antarctica will be pouring the blood of thousands of whales into the sea.
	www.clallambay.net /whales.html (2558 words)

	Makah Whale Hunt
		The right of whaling at usual and accustomed grounds is a Makah tradition secured by the 1855 Treaty of Neah Bay.
		Makah whaling dates back at least 1,500 years, but was halted in the 1920s because the eastern North Pacific gray whale population was severely reduced by commercial whaling.
		The Ninth Circuit Court ruled in 2004 that the Makah, to pursue any treaty rights for whaling, must comply with the process prescribed in the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) for authorizing take of marine mammals otherwise prohibited by a moratorium.
	www.nwr.noaa.gov /Marine-Mammals/Whales-Dolphins-Porpoise/Gray-Whales/Makah-Whale-Hunt.cfm (286 words)

	AllRefer.com - Makah (North American Indigenous Peoples) - Encyclopedia
		The Makah are the southernmost of the Wakashan branch of the Algonquian-Wakashan linguistic stock, being the only member of the Wakashan group within the United States (see Native American languages).
		Makah culture was fundamentally that of the Pacific Northwest Coast area.
		Today most of the 1,600 Makah in the United States live on the Makah Reservation; their main tribal income is from forestry.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/M/Makah.html (229 words)

	Preserving Culture: the Makah Nation awaits you (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		The Makah Nation is unique because it is one of the few reservations in Washington that does not contain a casino.
		Neah Bay, the main village of the Makah Nation, is a long way from most of the population centers of Washington.
		One other point worth noting about the Makah Museum and cultural center is that, aside from preserving the past, this is a place that also perpetuates the culture of the present people.
	archives.thedaily.washington.edu /1996/090396/makahwel.html (1198 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		Makah tribal members live both on and off the reservation and throughout the world practicing an intertwined contemporary and native culture.
		The Makah and their extended family would share these structures and it was common to have several generations living in each of these massive structures.
		The Makah were highly skilled mariners, using sophisticated navigational and maritime skills, they were able to travel the rough waters of the Pacific Ocean and the swift waters of the strait of Juan de Fuca with relative ease.
	www.makah.com /history.htm (1070 words)

	LaDuke position on Makah whaling - from GlobalCircle.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		The Makah made it clear to him that while they were prepared to cede their lands to the US, they wanted a guarantee of their traditional rights on the ocean, and specifically the right to take whales.
		The Makah had taken a 70 year fast from what is one of their most important spiritual and subsistence foods, since the industrialized whale harvest had devastated whale populations in the eastern Pacific herd.
		The Makah assumed that when the International Whaling Commission, combined with the US government, estimated that the health of the Eastern Pacific gray whale herd was well established, with at least 22,000 members, that the animal was considered recovered and delisted from the Endangered Species Act in l994.
	globalcircle.net /winonamakah.htm (1899 words)

	Sea Shepherd - Twelve Reasons to Oppose the Plans by the Makah Whalers to Murder Whales
		If the Makah establish a quota of gray whales they will seek to establish a quota for humpbacks, minkes, and orcas in the future because gray whale meat is not considered to be palatable as a food animal.
		The resumption of whaling by the Makah will cause stress in the migratory and resident populations and this could lead to dangerous situations for whale-watching participants that could be exposed to wounded or stressed animals.
		There is no survival necessity today to justify such killing. The treaty that the Makah cite as evidence of their right to whale specifically states that they have the right to whale "in common with the people of the United States." When the treaty was signed, all Americans had the right to kill whales.
	www.seashepherd.org /news/media_050826_2.html (1074 words)

	The Makah Whale Hunt
		Written over 140 years ago, this treaty was indelibly printed in the memories of the Makah people, long after the killing of whales ceased to be a part of their ceremonial and ritual activities.
		But while the tenets of settlement and survival caused the Makah to terminate all their traditional whaling activities in 1926, the power vested in the infamous Stevens Treaty has been lying dormant over the past 70 years like a slumbering dragon.
		And I will also say that the elders and the storytellers, who have for many decades chronicled the hunting ways of the Makah and other whaling people, all explain that the whales, when they were pursued, fought feverishly for their lives.
	www.widdershins.org /vol4iss4/05.htm (2916 words)

	The Makah Whale Hunt - ExploreNorth
		The Makah Whaling Commission is determined to start the hunt as soon as their crews are ready, despite some pressure from within their own community, and enormous pressure from groups and individuals around the world to leave the whales alone.
		The likelihood of a violent confrontation between the Makah whalers and environmentalists is high - in an effort to stop such a confrontation, the U.S. Coast Guard has instituted a 500-meter zone around the whaling canoe, in which anyone entering without permission is subject to arrest.
		The Makah see that as the IWC's responsibility, not theirs - Canada's withdrawal from the IWC, however, proves the inability of that organization to effectively protect the world's whales except when agreement among nations is unanimous.
	www.explorenorth.com /library/weekly/aa100198.htm (1631 words)

	NAE: The Makah Whaling Conflict: Background
		The Treaty of Neah Bay, negotiated hastily by the Makah with the Governor of Washington Territory in 1855, reflects the importance of whaling.
		In the 1960s and 1970s the Makah had to fend off an attempt by environmentalists to annex the Makah village of Ozette as part of Olympic National Park.
		The Makah took a renewed interest in their language and culture during the excavation, expressed in the establishment of the Makah Cultural and Research Center.
	www.cnie.org /NAE/cases/makah/m1.html (772 words)

	Federal Appeals Court Bars Makah Tribe from Whaling
		The Makah, however, were to avoid a small group of resident feeding gray whales who remain in the Puget Sound area throughout the summer (unlike most gray whales who continue to migrate to polar waters).
		This conclusion was clearly influenced by the Makah's preference for hunting in the late spring and summer when the weather is calmer and when only resident whales are present on the hunting grounds.
		The Makah and their attorneys have stated in the media that this ruling will have damaging implications for treaty rights across the board.
	www.hsus.org /marine_mammals/marine_mammals_news/federal_appeals_court_bars_makah_tribe_from_whaling.html (1525 words)

	The Flag of the Makah Nation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		The flag is white and bears a red and white thunderbird with fl accents in the
		To either side of the thunderbird is a fl and white serpent with red tongue.
		while beneath it are the names of the five villages of the Makah Nation in fl.
	members.aol.com /Donh523/navapage/makah.htm (263 words)

	Makah Whale Sacrifice
		The Makah claim they need the oils from “sea mammals” to help them with rheumatism — much the same sort of argument that the Chinese poachers use to justify killing bears for their gall bladders.
		On 1999 May 15, they said “Whales and Makah are warriors; if you were a whale would you not prefer to be killed warrior to warrior rather than dying of starvation?” To start, the whales are unarmed; the hunters have speed boats, harpoons and assault rifles — hardly a fair fight.
		For information on the tactics the young Makah are using to silence their elders opposed to the hunt see The Cetacean Society's essay.
	mindprod.com /animalrights/whale.html (4372 words)

	Makah Law and Order Code, Title 10 - Weapons Control Ordinance
		The Chief or the Makah Tribal Police is authorized and directed to establish and conduct a Weapons Safety Training Course and to award a Weapons Safety Certificate to any and all persons who satisfactorily completed the course.
		The property seized shall be itemized and taken to the office of the Chief of the Makah Tribal Police and placed in the custody of the Makah Indian Tribe.
		Makah Tribal Council
	www.narf.org /nill/Codes/makahcode/makahlawt10.htm (1937 words)

	HistoryLink Essay: Makah whale hunt succeeds on May 17, 1999.
		Makah families hunt whales again in 2000, without success, and then court decisions put the revived whaling on hold.
		For thousands of years, the Makah, who occupied a large part of the Olympic Peninsula around Cape Flattery at the northwest tip, hunted the gray whales that migrated in the thousands past Cape Flattery every spring and fall.
		Several Makah families hunted whales again in the spring of 2000, and were confronted on the water by protestors.
	www.historylink.org /essays/output.cfm?file_id=5310 (903 words)

	Tribal rights vs. animal rights: Makah hunt presents dilemma (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		Beginning Oct. 1, the Makah Tribe at Neah Bay was allowed to resume hunting California Gray whales for cultural and ceremonial purposes.
		The Makah point to an 1855 treaty signed with the U.S. government and recent rulings by a federal judge and the International Whaling Commission (IWC) as proof that they have every right to resume the hunt of Gray whales.
		Dailey maintains that the reason the Makah are using a.50-caliber rifle in conjunction with spears is because the IWC mandated that a humane method be used to kill the whale.
	students.washington.edu /ruckus/vol-2/issue-2/whales.html (984 words)

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