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Nestor Makhno

Nestor Ivanovich Makhno

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	[No title]
		On October 27, 1889 Nestor Ivanovich Makhno was born into a poor peasant family in Hulyai Pole, Ukraine.
		Nestor Makhno was one of the main organizers of these partisan groups, who united into the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of the Ukraine, also called the Black Army (fl being the color of anarchism) or Makhnovista.
		Makhno fled Ukraine into exile, where he would remain the rest of his life.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/n/ne/nestor_makhno.html (401 words)

	Nestor Makhno - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Makhno was born into a poor peasant family in Hulyai Pole, Ukraine.
		Nestor Makhno was one of the main organizers of these partisan groups, who united into the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine (RIAU), also called the Black Army (because they fought under the anarchist fl flag), "Makhnovists" or "Makhnovshchina" (i.e., "Makhnovism").
		Makhno had resisted the White Army's attempts to invade Ukraine from the South-West for three months before the Bolshevik Red Army units joined the war effort of Makhnovshchina.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nestor_Makhno (1253 words)

	Anarchist Encyclopedia: Nestor Makhno page, (1889-1934); alt: Nestor Ivanoviè Machno; Nestor Ivanovich Machno, Nestor ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Makhno led a large insurrectionary army of peasants that helped defeat the reactionary White armies.
		Makhno was determined that the next time anarchism, acting in the light of experiences dearly bought, revamped and more disciplined thanks to its Organizational Platform, might reap the rewards proportionate with the commitment and sacrifice of its activists.
		Nestor Makhno died from tuberculosis on July 25, 1934, aged 44.
	recollectionbooks.com /bleed/Encyclopedia/MakhnoNestor.htm (432 words)

	My Disillusionment in Russia
		Makhno was to remain in charge of the povstantsi, now grown into an army, the latter to have autonomy in its local organizations, the revolutionary soviets of the district, which covered several provinces.
		Makhno captured Denikin's artillery base at Mariopol, annihilated the rear of the enemy's army, and succeeded in separating the main body from its base of supply.
		Makhno, my informants explained, was himself an Anarchist seeking to free Ukraina from all oppression and striving to develop and organize the peasants' latent anarchistic tendencies.
	www.ditext.com /goldman/russia/ch11.html (2261 words)

	Aleksandr Shubin: Nestor Ivanovich Makhno
		Makhno’s life before 1906 reminds one of the story of the shoemaker who according to his ability was the most outstanding military commander in the world, but who never encountered war in his life.
		Makhno and the GAK quickly established a system of social organizations under their control: a peasant union (later a Soviet), trade unions, factory committees, committees of the poor, and cooperatives.
		It is probable that Makhno, who combined direction of the union with leadership of the strongest local political group (an armed group at that), used the method of “compulsion” of the entrepreneurs to observe the rights of the workers under conditions of escalating inflation.
	www.nestormakhno.info /english/nim.htm (7115 words)

	Nestor Makhno
		Nestor Makhno, the son of peasants, was born in Hulyai-Pole, Ukraine, in 1889.
		When Makhno was released in 1917 he returned to the Ukraine where he became one of the leaders of the Russian Revolution in the area.
		Nestor Makhno, boozing, swashbuckling, disorderly and idealistic, proved himself to be a born strategist of unsurpassed ability.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /RUSmakhno.htm (764 words)

	V. "THE ANARCHIST GROUP FEDERATION." THE "NABAT" GROUP AND NESTOR MAKHNO. THE "ILLEGAL ANARCHISTS"
		Nestor Makhno was undoubtedly the most vivid and striking figure in the Russian anarchist movement during the period of the proletarian dictatorship; and the movement that has gone down in the history of the Russian Civil War in his name was the supreme manifestation of anarchist theory and practice.
		Makhno practiced the most inhuman tortures from the first days of his activities-people were cut to pieces, and their bodies were thrown into the fire-boxes of railway engines.
		Makhno sent for him, but the messenger returned with the news that the boys had not been able to mess around with him-he was wounded-and had shot him at his own request.
	dwardmac.pitzer.edu /anarchist_archives/worldwidemovements/anarchisminrussia5.html (5699 words)

	Russian Anarchists and the Civil War - Paul Avrich \| libcom.org
		Travelling on horseback and in light peasant carts (tachanki) on which machine guns were mounted, Makhno and his men moved swiftly back and forth across the open steppe between the Dnieper and the Sea of Azov, swelling into a small army as they went and inspiring terror in the hearts of their adversaries.
		Makhno's insurgents, in the words of Victor Serge, revealed "a truly epic capacity for organization and combat."(6) Yet they owed much of their success to the exceptional qualities of their leader.
		Makhno was a bold and resourceful commander who combined an iron will with a quick sense of humour and wonthe love and devotion of his peasant followers.
	libcom.org /library/russian-anarchists-civil-war-paul-avrich?PHPSESSID=48802739de16e278e7f02cc3aa583905 (2936 words)

	Notes on the Makhnovista, Nestor Makhno and the Russian Civil war in the Eastern Ukraine
		Makhno was forced to live underground and on the move, secretly meeting with others with the Austrians always close behind.
		Makhno was forced to leave his home areas of operations and flee east, then west again, by early January his forces had been fought 24 battles in 24 days.
		This redistribution, initiated by Makhno was responsible for the armies later popularity and its ability to depend on the Peasants for food etc. But this system also did not seek to divide the village, instead even the Kulak and landlord was entitled to as much land as they and their family could work.
	flag.blackened.net /revolt/russia/makhno_notes.html (6284 words)

	Review: History of the Makhnovist Movement
		The Revolutionary Insurgent Army of the Ukraine led by Nester Makhno, an anarchist-communist from the village of Gulyai Polye, quickly won the support of the South for it's daring attacks on the Austro-Hungarian puppet, Hetman Skoropadsky and the Nationalist Petliurists.
		Arshinov and Makhno were later to draw up the Platform of the Libertarian Communists in during their Paris exile in 1926 (see Workers Solidarity 34).
		Though they were in a minority, well organised intervention in groups like Makhno's might have had an important influence on the course of events in the revolution.
	struggle.ws /platform/makhno37.html (1391 words)

	Nestor Makhno: Anarchy's Cossack
		Makhno severely dealt with any outbreak of anti-semitism amongst his own forces and had the Atman Grigoriev killed for his pograms against the Jews.
		This was out together by Makhno with other Makhnovist exiles and attempted to draw out the lessons of their experiences in the Ukraine, their dealings with the Bolsheviks and the rest of the anarchist movement in Russia.
		Other writings Makhno published in this time included the first volume of his Memoirs (the second and third were released after he died) and numerous articles for anarchist publications, some of which have been collected in the volume "The Struggle Against The State and other essays".
	myweb.tiscali.co.uk /blackchip/anarchy's_cossack.htm (1250 words)

	prole.info
		The Makhno Movement began as a class struggle of the exploited and dispossessed against the rich in the Southern Ukraine in the spring of 1918.
		Makhno fought against Austrian and German Imperialist forces and their allies among the local gentry, as opposed to the Bolshevik regime, who collaborated with these enemies of the world revolution by signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in March 1918.
		Makhno’s forces played a key role in the defeat of the Austro-German invasion of the Ukraine and in the defeat of the Ukrainian nationalist regime of Petliura in 1918.
	www.prole.info /articles/trotskoid.html (2172 words)

	A Family Strives For Survival During the Russian Revolution -- Courtesy of The Freeman Institute
		Makhno was born of poor Ukrainian peasants and was twenty years old in 1919.
		Archinov, the historian of the Makhnovtchina, wrote that "the honor of destroying Denikin's counter-revolution in the autumn of 1919 is principally due to the anarchist insurgents."
		He refused to give arms to Makhno's partisans, failing in his duty of assisting them, and subsequently accused them of "betrayal" and of allowing themselves to be beaten by the White troupe.
	www.freemaninstitute.com /gpspic7.htm (1371 words)

	PozA - Pokret za Anarhiju - Anarhisti - Vsevolod Mihailovic - Voline Eichenbaum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Makhno’s field of revolutionary military action was wide—it extended from Lozovaia to Berdiansk, Mariupol and Taganrog, and from Lugansk to Ekaterinoslav, Alexandrovsk and Melitopol.
		The next day, Makhno would be more than 100 kilometers away, would appear in some town, massacre the “national guard” (varta), officers and noblemen, and vanish before the German troops (de spite the fact that they were all prepared for him) had time to realise what had happened.
		And in Makhno’s character and his actions there were in fact qualities worthy of legend: his extraordinary bold ness, his stubborn will, his resourcefulness in all circum stances and, finally, the delightful humour that frequently accompanied his actions—all these qualities impressed the people.
	www.anarchy-movement.org /anarchist.php?ID=74 (3317 words)

	publish.nyc.indymedia.org \| The Makhno anarchists, Kronstadt and the position of the Russian peasants
		Makhno led a peasant movement, and so never had a strong base of support in any of the cities.
		Makhno even established a police-security organization (!) led by Leo Zadov (Zinkovsky), a former worker-anarchist who was to become notorious for his brutality.
		It was at this time that Makhno and his anarchist advisors lost support from the peasants as a result of the New Economic Policy of the Bolsheviks, which replaced prodrazverstka with a bread tax.
	nyc.indymedia.org /es/2006/01/63132.html (3738 words)

	THE CUBBY MISSALETTE 8: NESTOR MAKHNO
		Makhno: Yeah, under California- this may not be of much interest- but under California penal code, I believe it's 851.5, an arrested person is allowed to make up to three phone calls within three hours of arrest.
		Makhno: No, I was- I asked them what I was charged with, and they hadn't cooked up anything until after they raided my apartment and stole everything of value from it.
		Makhno: I haven't, but now that you mention it, I think it would be a really good idea, you know, describing, like, the social forces that were- are victimizing the Mission in the context of global capitalism.
	www.cubby.net /missalette/missalette8/makhno/nestor.html (4240 words)

	Works of Nestor Makhno
		Makhno defended that action and explained that Zhelezniakov, a Black Sea sailor and delegate to Kronstadt, had played one of the most active roles in 1917.
		It may even be the case that Makhno turned him against me somewhat," and Frémont had supposedly made the "silly charge" against him that he had "stolen some documents from Makhno." As "formal and palpable proof of the nonsensicality of that crude concoction" Voline cited three arguments in his defense.
		It was also at the suggestion and instigation of Makhno that he was appointed chairman of the Revolutionary Military Soviet of the insurgent movement for several months, and again Makhno who made his release one of the conditions upon the implementation of the military and political treaty agreed with the Bolsheviks in 1920.
	www.marxists.org /reference/archive/makhno-nestor/bibliography.htm (3187 words)

	Anarchist Idol Nestor Makhno and Peasant Counterrevolution
		Makhno himself was not personally anti-Semitic, indeed there were Jews in his "collective." In a sense, it could be said that Makhno was simply following anarchist principle.
		Makhno's army was drawn from all layers of the peasantry.
		Although Makhno's aim in setting up these bodies was to do away with political authority, the Military Revolutionary Council, acting in conjunction with the Regional Congresses and the local soviets, in effect formed a loose-knit government in the territory surrounding Gulyai-Polye.
	www.icl-fi.org /english/wv/archives/oldsite/2005/Makhno-839.html (1625 words)

	Makhno Biography
		Nestor Makhno was the leader of a libertarian peasant and worker army and insurrection in the Ukraine which successfully fought Ukrainian nationalists, the Whites, the Bolsheviks and the bourgeoisie and put anarchism into practice in the years following the Russian Revolution.
		Makhno was a committed anarchist who had spent years in Russian prisons for his political activities.
		Nestor Makhno was born in 1889 and was brought up by his mother only.
	dwardmac.pitzer.edu /Anarchist_Archives/bright/makhno/makhnobio.html (290 words)

	The New Anarchist Literature
		Makhno organized a band of fellow anarchists in his native Ukraine and together they actively resisted all attempts to place their homeland under oppressive, centralized rule.
		The fact that the modern state is the organizational form of authority founded upon arbitrariness and violence in the social life of toilers is independent of whether it may be "bourgeois" or "proletarian." It relies upon oppressive centralism, arising out of the direct violence of a minority employed against the majority.
		With the aid of such weapons, a tiny group of politicians enforces psychological repression of an entire society, and, in particular, of the toiling masses, conditioning them in such a way as to divert their attention from the slavery instituted by the State.
	www.umich.edu /~mrev/archives/1996/4-10-96/book.html (858 words)

	Russian Anarchism Bibliography
		Places Makhno within the framework of the entire civil war, rather than just Ukraine, concentrating on military tactics, but with significant discussion of organisation, ideology and Makhno's years in exile.
		Contains a chapter on Nestor Makhno (pp302-42) which although rather undistinguished was the first accurate (in tone if not always in facts) portrayal of Makhno's activities and achievements, published outside the radical press.
		Sysyn,F. "Nestor Makhno and the Ukrainian revolution" in The Ukraine 1917-21: a study in revolution, pp271-304.
	dspace.dial.pipex.com /bobtoldmetodoit/fs/misc/rab.htm (3023 words)

	INTRODUCTION
		Makhno is portrayed as a romantic revolutionary active in 1940's Canada and as an old man in 1970's Scotland.
		Politically Makhno was an Anarchist and he has become a sort of saint to some Anarchists, while his detractors, the political inheritors of the Bolsheviks and Ukrainian nationalists still portray him as a bandit, as in many things the truth lies somewhere in-between these two extremes.
		Nestor Makhno himself as the most potent and colourful symbol of the movement that bears his name has been a target for attack and for works of fiction.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Congress/1346/Makintro.htm (622 words)

	PozA - Pokret za Anarhiju - Anarhisti - Nestor Makhno (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		PozA - Pokret za Anarhiju - Anarhisti - Nestor Makhno
		Nestor Makhno was born in the Ukrainian village of Gulyai-Polye which in later years was to become the centre of his guerrilla exploits.
		The Bolsheviks were anxious to benefit from Makhno's military prowess without allowing him to detach the Ukraine as an anarchist region, and once the Whites were defeated, the Red Army was turned against him.
	www.anarchy-movement.org /anarchist.php?ID=45 (3205 words)

	[No title]
		We played that Makhno could not be attacked by the side controlling him, but this did not prevent intentionally stupid deployments by the controller before turns where Makhno might switch sides.
		I think if you said all Makhno units must be in supply range of the HQ (even if not in supply) its would stop any silliness.
		Makhno never actually did anything in Poland and it is doubtful he could garner any support outside of Ukrainian peasantry, hence northern limits.
	grognard.com /errata/rossiya.txt (1265 words)

	The 9 Lives of Nestor Makhno
		Nestor Ivanovich Makhno -- one of the most enigmatic and legendary figures of the unstable revolutionary times and the period of civil war in the Ukraine.
		Every year a fair number of curious visitors wade around makhno's paths [like ho chi mihn trail] through villages and forrests of the south east of the country -- they say that in the hardest to reach/access places remains of of the "Atamanskiye" camping grounds are there till this day.
		During breaks they fix up their kids' "bryli" [peasant hats] which keep sliding off to the side a bit and restrap their "onuchi" [peasant shoes, probably made of light/flexible tree bark and some sort of cloth] which keep coming lose during the scene where they run away from a stranger's garden.
	www.freedombin.com /trans/2.htm (1398 words)

	BIBLIOGRAPHICAL AFTERWORD by ALEXANDRE SKIRDA
		The text is entitled "Makhno, a Contribution to Studies of the Enigma of the Personality." Drafted in 1945, it deals in broad terms with the Russian revolution and furnishes autobiographical details about Voline himself.
		It was on Voline's insistence that Arshinov mentioned the movement's flaws and those of Makhno himself, after he had told him that "set alongside the tremendous positive aspects to the movement, what few shortcomings there may have been are really of no consequence" (pages 31, 45 and 126).
		For all his "qualities," Makhno remained, as far as Voline was concerned, "an ignorant, uncultivated, uneducated fellow" (page 60), especially as he had an "aversion to anything that was not peasant.
	www.spunk.org /library/writers/makhno/sp001781/chap19.html (3260 words)

	Leon Trotsky’s Military Writings, Vol. 2, 1919: The Makhno Movement
		Makhno and his companions-in-arms are not non-party people at all.
		Makhno’s ‘army’ is guerrilla-ism at its worst, although there are in it quite a few good rank-and-file fighters.
		The anti-popular character of the Makhno movement is most clearly revealed in the fact that the army of Gulyay-Polye is actually called ‘Makhno’s Army’.
	www.marxists.org /archive/trotsky/works/1919-mil/ch49.htm (1398 words)

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