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| | Malcolm I -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
 | | The grandson of Malcolm I, Malcolm II occupied the Scottish throne for 29 years, during which he established a relatively stable Scottish kingdom, and his conquests essentially established the modern border between England and Scotland. |
 | | The great-grandson of Malcolm II, Malcolm III Canmore is remembered for bringing European refinements to the Scottish court, chiefly through the influence of his second wife, Margaret, and for introducing British conventions, especially the practice of feudalism, to Scotland. |
 | | Nicknamed the Maiden because of his vow of celibacy, Malcolm IV assumed the Scottish throne in 1153, at the age of 11, after the death of his grandfather, David I, the youngest son of Malcolm III. |
| www.britannica.com /eb/article-9050301?tocId=9050301&query=malcolm (719 words) |
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