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Topic: Malgal

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	Who is the tribe of Malgal[Mohe]?
		Therefore, the studying of the medieval culture of Primorski must be concentrated on that of Malgal and Parhae.
		Their confusion may come from the fact that what Malgal really was is not so clarified as to convince scholars of a complete concurrence on the subject.
		As Malgal is not the name of one people but diverse peoples' comprehensive name in the area, the territorial names like as Sumo, Baishan and Heishui appear to be important in the designation of 'Sumo Malgal', 'Baishan Malgal' and 'Heishui Malgal'.
	www.kyungsung.ac.kr /~palhae/malgal_en.htm (1032 words)

	The Survey of the History of Parhae
		Malgal is a people known as the descendants of Suksin before Chin(òÚ), Upnu during the period of Han(ùÓ), and Mulgil(¹°±æ:Ú¨ÑÎ) during the period of Later Wi (ýêà).
		On the other hand, the term Malgal also appear in ¡ºSamguk sagi¡»(»ï±¹»ç ±â:ß²ÏÐÞÈÑÀ), going back even to the period of B.C. And the term was the name of dependant people who lived under the control of Koguryo near its frontiers.
		Therefore the true meaning of Malgal should be found in such terms as Sokmal(¼Ó¸»:áØØÇ), Packsan(¹é»ê:ÛÜß£), or Heuksoo(Èæ¼ö:ýÙâ©) which were added adjectively to Malgal.
	www.kyungsung.ac.kr /~palhae/abstract.htm (2003 words)

	Mohe help – Wiki at Help.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Mohe or Malgal were a Tungusic people in ancient Manchuria.
		According to the Old History of Tang, he was of a Goguryeo tribe and lived in Malgal, and the Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms (Samguk Yusa) states that he was of Goguryeo stock.
		After the fall of Balhae, few historical traces of the Mohe can be found, though they are considered to be the main ethnic group that became the Jurchen.
	help.com /wiki/Malgal (454 words)

	Goguryeo. History of Korea
		If its indirect control over nomadic tribes is taken into consideration in addition to the newly added territories, Goguryeo at that time was a great power with its sphere of influence covering a large amount of present-day Northeast China, Russia's Littoral Province and two thirds of the Korean peninsula.
		Inside the huge sphere of influence were Khitan, Malgal (Moho), Jiduwu, Silla and Ye in the form of vassal or tributary states.
		Goguryeo at this time was a great empire that took pride as the guardian of international order and the most sacred state under the sun.
	www.mygoguryeo.net /history01.htm (483 words)

	Malgals, Jurchen and Manchus - China History Forum, chinese history forum
		The Mohe 靺鞨 (Malgal) were not descended from the Wuji, but rather from the Mohefu 莫贺弗 [according to the Wei Shu and Sui Shu].
		i would assume the Malgal were the ancestors of the "Cooked Jurchen" but then again the theory of their relationship could just be mumbo jumbo.
		Southwest was primarily Tungus speaking people in Liaoning and Jilin area, some of Heilongjiang, They are probably the ones that can be considered Malgals, and the Jurchen of the Jin Dynasty, they were the closest to China and the biggest in population.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=2740 (3928 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Traditionally, historians believed that the ethnic conflicts between Koreans and Malgal weakened the state.
		Recent study suggests that the downfall of Balhae is largely due to the catastrophic eruption in the 10th century of Baekdu Mountain located at the center of Balhae territory.
		The people of Balhae were made up of former Goguryeo elements and of several Tungusic peoples present in Manchuria, of which the Mohe (Malgal) made up the largest element.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Balhae (1791 words)

	History Of The Balhae (Korea/China)
		The argument that Balhae was composed of the Malgals is based on the New History of the Tang Dynasty, which describes Dae Jo-young, the founder of Balhae, as a Malgal tribesman.
		It is utterly unreasonable to argue that the Malgals suddenly replaced all Goguryeo people in the old Goguryeo territory or their population suddenly increased to outnumber the indigenous Goguryeo people.
		It is unlikely that the Malgal people would change their own tribal name, or would they be willing to use such derogatory word as "Malgal." The term "Malgal" was coined based on the old Sino-centric and dynasty-centered historical perspective as a general term referring to ethnic minorities in the Northeastern borderland of the Tang Dynasty.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/fr/1095016/posts (2196 words)

	News \| Gainesville.com \| The Gainesville Sun \| Gainesville, Fla. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		After that, the capital city of Baekje is moved southward from Hanam Wiryeseong because Malgal was located at the North and Nangnang was located at the East.
		In 3 BC and 8 BC, the Malgal tribes attacked from the north, and both times, Onjo directly led his armies and won victories over the invaders.
		Soon after this, the Malgal tribes invaded again during 22 AD, but were once again defeated by Onjo and his army.
	www.gainesville.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Onjo_of_Baekje (548 words)

	Unified Silla
		Former Koguryo General Tae Cho-yong and a group led by the Malgal chief Kolsabiu took advantage of the confusion and seized the leadership of the insurrection.
		General Tae Cho-yong gradually strengthened his ruling power over the scattered semi-nomadic Malgal tribes in Manchuria and the northeast region of the Korean Peninsula.
		Manchuria's Malgal nomads, who once lived under the rule of Koguryo, found it not out of the question to follow the leadership of one of its generals.
	www.koreanhistoryproject.org /Ket/C03/E0304.htm (2267 words)

	Is there a Curse on China? - China History Forum, chinese history forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Zhou Cezong, in his article "Yuanzu" (The Original Race), addresses the theory (put forward by Zhu Xueyuan) that the Malgal (Mohe) of Manchuria, usually identified as the ancestors of the Jurchen (and hence of the Manchus as well), are actually the ancestors of the Magyars in Hungary.
		Tang Taizong was very magnanimous to captured Koreans, but spared none of the Malgal, leading Zhou Cezong to theorise that he was reacting to the fact that he had been hit by a Malgal arrow.
		The Yilou, the Eastern Han ancestors of the Malgal, are also said in the Hou Han Shu (Book of the Later Han Dynasty) to have used lethal poison arrows as their standard weapon.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=669 (3040 words)

	Asmolov Konstantin.The system of Military Activity of Koguryo
		Surrounded by 10,000 Malgal (Mohe in Chinese) tribes-faithful allies of Koguryo during the conflict, the army was driven back and the Chinese began to ready for a counterattack.
		Koguryo was raised and strenghtened in the struggle against China and was the leader of that struggle.
		During the Three Kingdoms period, China fought the Okcho and Ye tribes with Koguryo, and later Malgal tribe and the Turks.
	www.kimsoft.com /2004/KoguryoMilitary.htm (6364 words)

	China History Forum, chinese history forum > BoHai and Xin Luo
		In 696-697, the Khitan Jingzhong (a chieftain enfeoffed by the Tang as a Grand General and Commander-in-Chief of Songmo) rebelled and killed the Commander-in-Chief (Dudu) of Yingzhou, Zhao Wenhui.
		A man named Sheli Qiqi Zhongxiang fled east with the Malgal chieftain Qisi Biyu and remnants of Koguryo, crossing the Liao River and occupying the northeast of the Taibai mountains.
		Before long, the Heishui Malgal sent ambassadors to the Tang court, and Tang Xuanzong established Heishuizhou Province in their land, with an Administrator (Zhangshi) to oversee matters there.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /lofiversion/index.php/t3399.html (1717 words)

	Balhae Information
		However, by the early 10th century, ethnic differences between the Goguryeo and the Mohe (Malgal) people weakened the state.
		The people of Balhae were made up of former Goguryeo elements and of several Tungusic peoples present in northeastern China, of which the Mohe (Malgal) made up the largest element.
		Historically, the Jurchens (later renamed the Manchus, considered themselves as sharing ancestry with the Mohe (Malgal), and the People's Republic of China continues to consider Balhae as part of the history of its ethnic Manchus.
	www.bookrags.com /Balhae (1800 words)

	Omnipelagos.com ~ article "Onjo of Baekje"
		In 3 BC and 8 BC, the Malgal tribes attacked from the north, and in both times, Emperor Onjo directly led his armies and won landslide victories over the invaders.
		In 5 BC, the Emperor moved the capital city to Ung-Chun(웅천) and sent a messenger to Mahan telling him of the recent action.
		Soon after this, the Malgal tribes invaded again during 22 AD, but were once again humiliatingly defeated by Emperor Onjo and his army.
	www.omnipelagos.com /entry?n=onjo_of_%42aekje (487 words)

	Korean and Manchu - Asia Finest Discussion Forum
		Koguryo is the correct word for the ancient kingdom where Jilin and Liaoning provinces today.Wan Yan clan had heritage ties/tribal identity link to Malgal of that time period later renamed to Jurchens,nothing to do with anceint Korean kingdom of Shilla.
		Korea's Koryo dynasty replaced Unified Shilla,founder named Wang Gon's power base was from remnants of old Koguryo.According to ancient history texts,a percentage of Malgal tribe along with ruling elite of old Koguryo left today's Jilin and took refuge in today's Korea peninsula.
		Wan Yan clan had NOTHING to do with Korea ancient kingdom of Shilla.Wan Yan clan was a remnant of Malgal stayed in the region later founded the Kingdom of Jin (GOLD) as recorded as Jin Dynasty in China's history.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/index.php?act=findpost&pid=1572122 (1008 words)

	All Empires: History Forum: Barhae, Bohai (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thus, I would give credit of Barhae history to Koreans in light of the additional facts that Barhae people claimed to be the "descendants of Koguryo" who used Korean language, though Malgal elements (subjects) of Koguryo and Barhae states used ancient Manchu-Tungus language.
		Other aspects of Barhae culture, such as "ondol" system and highly developed literary tradition, also show that they were more Koreans than Malgal.
		Malgal people lived in a type of house made of dug-out pits until as late as the advent of Golden State (Jin).
	www.allempires.com /Forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=337&PID=210596 (3897 words)

	The Korea Times : Palhae Independent of China’s Tang Dynasty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Korean history textbooks say that rulers of Palhae were Malgal people while the subjects were displaced people from Korea’s ancient kingdom of Koguryo (37 B.C.- A.D. So the question is whether Palhae belongs to the Koguryo or Malgal people.
		China’s argument that Palhae was composed of the Malgals is based on the New History of the Tang Dynasty, which describes Tae Cho-yong, the founding king of Palhae, as a Malgal tribesman.
		So the consensus is that Palhae is a successor of Koguryo in both territory and inhabitants, historians said, adding that it does not make sense the Malgals suddenly replaced all the Koguryo people in former Kogyryo territory or that they suddenly increased to outnumber the indigenous Koguryo people.
	times.hankooki.com /lpage/nation/200609/kt2006091417303511990.htm (1028 words)

	MySpace.com - MalGal - 19 - Female - TEXAS - www.myspace.com/malgal0610
		MySpace.com - MalGal - 19 - Female - TEXAS - www.myspace.com/malgal0610
		My name is Mallory and I'm a freshman business major but more importantly I am the proudest member of the Fightin' Texas Aggie class of 2010!
		I just sent you a message on facebook, cause i like it better than myspace, but i thought i'd say how much i love you and miss you on this too!!
	www.myspace.com /43992950 (1010 words)

	Korean History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		After the fall of Goguryeo, Dae Joyeong, a former Goguryeo general, brought together the peoples of Goguryeo and Malgal (a Tungusic tribe) and then eventually settled near Jilin in Manchuria.
		Balhae was founded by descendants of Goguryeo, as evidenced by terms used in an official letter to Japan, such as “Goryeo” and “Goryeo’s King,” which are reminiscent of Goguryeo, and also because Balhae and its predecessor Goguryeo shared many cultural similarities.
		While the Manchurian portion of Balhae territory was lost, the area south of the Amnok-Duman (Yalu-Tumen) boundary was later recaptured by Goryeo.
	korea.assembly.go.kr /history_html/history_04/bal_01.jsp (239 words)

	MALGAL - 33 year old woman from Sandy, Utah \| LDS Pals - May 17, 2007
		MALGAL - 33 year old woman from Sandy, Utah
		MALGAL - 33 year old woman from Sandy, Utah
		I just want to meet some new friends and thought I would try this out.
	www.ldspals.com /view/malgal.html (245 words)

	:: CYBER MUSEUM OF DAEGAYA ...
		Under such a situation the movable width of Daegaya came to become wide.
		In 481 when Goguryeo and Malgal invaded Silla, Daegaya along with Baekje sent rescue forces to Silla.
		As can be seen from this fact, Daegaya and Baekje had an amicable relation until this time.
	www.daegaya.net /english/C/c53.htm (1375 words)

	malgal soccer, swimming, hangin' with friends,drinki
		Last 10 people to check their mail, within 50 miles of malgal
		malgal : looking to have fun with someone
		malgal Appears on 17 members favorites lists and has 2 roses that can be sent.
	www.plentyoffish.com /member1975072.htm (126 words)

	About first king of Tang Dynasty - Asia Finest Discussion Forum
		This is mainly due to the strange excuse tang history gives for abandoning the Koguryo campaign and subsequent illness Taizong got then his death at age of only 50 less then 2 years after the Koguryo campaign.
		BTW as for Taizong eating his own eye, thats just too fantastic to be believable, especially if he was hit by a POISONED arrow shot by flwater Malgals.
		From: Rochester, NY In Xin Tang Shu (新唐書/New Book of the Tang Dynasty), Tang Taizong was hit by a Mohe (靺鞨)/Malgal (말갈) arrow.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/index.php?act=findpost&pid=2077125 (1144 words)

	:: CYBER MUSEUM OF DAEGAYA ...
		Under such a situation the movable width of Daegaya came to become wide.
		In 479, Daegaya offered tributes to Namje and in 481 Daegaya along with Baekje dispatched rescue forces to Silla so as to defeat Goguryeo and Malgal.
		In 481 when Goguryeo and Malgal invaded Silla, Daegaya along with Baekje sent rescue forces to Silla.
	daegaya.net /english/C/c53.htm (1375 words)

	Gwanggaeto the Great of Goguryeo Summary
		The Buyeo state was no match for the great cavalry units of Goguryeo, and it suffered a series of defeat, finally surrendering to Goguryeo after King Gwanggaeto conquered 64 walled cities and more than 1,400 villages.
		Gwanggaeto also attacked several Malgal and Ainu tribes further north, bringing them under Goguryeo domination.
		In 400, Silla, another Korean kingdom in the southeast of the peninsula, requested Goguryeo assistance to defend against an alliance of Japanese pirates, the Baekje kingdom to the west, and the Gaya Confederacy to the southwest.
	www.bookrags.com /Gwanggaeto_the_Great_of_Goguryeo (2010 words)

	Building New Societies
		Puyo clan chieftains wore imported Chinese silks covered with fox and sable furs, and headgear adorned with gold and silver.
		The expansive flatlands of the Manchurian Plain along the Sungari River basin became home to the seven tribes of the Malgal, whose reputation for constant warfare made them the most feared of the northern clans.
		The I-lou tribe lived in the forested mountains far to the northeast, near the Amur River.
	www.koreanhistoryproject.org /Ket/C01/E0103.htm (1771 words)

	Asia Finest Discussion Forum > About first king of Tang Dynasty
		This is mainly due to the strange excuse tang history gives for abandoning the Koguryo campaign and subsequent illness Taizong got then his death at age of only 50 less then 2 years after the Koguryo campaign.
		BTW as for Taizong eating his own eye, thats just too fantastic to be believable, especially if he was hit by a POISONED arrow shot by flwater Malgals.
		Jul 22 2006, 11:06 AM most likely this story was inspired by Xiahou Dun, a real life Chinese general in the Three Kingdoms era whose eyes were shot by an arrow, and he ated it.
	asiafinest.com /forum/lofiversion/index.php/t81669.html (1178 words)

	Russia.com Discussion Forum - View Single Post - The Caucasoid descent of Chinese people
		Ultimately, Toba Wei Dynasty would be usurped by two generals of Xianbei heritage.
		The peoples who dwelled in old Xianbei-Wuhuan-Toba territories would be the later Shiwei Tribes (ancestors of Mengwu Shiwei or Genghis Mongols), the Khitans, the Xi nomads, and the Malgal people etc. They would be the ancestors of later Jurchens or Mongols.
		To the east of the Khitans will be Koguryo, to the west the Xi nomads (said to be alternative race of the Huns), to the north Huji (Malgal) and Shiwei Tribes, and to the south Yingzhou Prefecture of Toba Wei Dynasty.
	www.russia.com /forums/154695-post10.html (996 words)

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